factors influencing response to light deprivation and burial

... in vivo data monitoring disease progression [12] Factors influencing susceptibility to infection and the course of disease can be grouped into three categories: 1) viral factors determining the ... properties of the virus or its ability to escape immune responses; 2) cellular factors modulating the innate or acquired immune responses to infection; and 3) cellular factors co-operating with viral products ... regards to HIV infection, cytokines can be grouped into HIV-inducing (TNF- α, TNF-β, IL-1, and IL-6), and HIV-suppressive (IFN-α, IFN-β, and IL-16) IFN-gamma and IL-4 display both stimulatory and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:22

... autophagy in a population of cells Autophagic response to nutrient deprivation Autophagy is strongly upregulated in response to nutrient deprivation [19,29] To examine the autophagic response to ... lysosomal activity to quantify autophagic flux During the initiation of autophagy, cytosolic LC3 (LC3-I) is cleaved and lipidated to form LC3-II [16,20] LC3-II is then recruited to the autophagosomal ... switches autophagy to apoptosis Nat Cell Biol 8, 1124–1132 62 Duchen MR (2000) Mitochondria and calcium: from cell signalling to cell death J Physiol 529, 57–68 Bcl-2 and calcium control of autophagy...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 09:20

... categories (womac and transition scale), (womac and both transition scale and womac), (transition scale and both transition scale and womac) Factors found to be significant to the P 

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 19:20

... tolerance in conifers normally is initiated in late summer and fall during acclimation to seasonal changes in photoperiod and temperature [41] Freezing tolerance in western redcedar [9, 45] and ... ecophysiological response of western redcedar and yellow-cedar during the fall, winter and early spring period This study determined the shoot growth pattern, plus photosynthetic and freezing tolerance ... while photosynthesis, shoot growth and freezing tolerance were monitored throughout winter and spring on the low elevation site Within this experimental population, rooted cuttings were randomly...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22

... nitrate are able to release carboxylates and protons in response to phosphorus deprivation [4, 11, 12, 21, 22] whereas others are not [21] Such variability can also exist in ectomycorrhizal fungi ... growth and the capacities of ectomycorrhizal fungi to release protons and carboxylic anions Nevertheless, such information will be of great importance in determining the potential role of ectomycorrhizal ... mobilization and subsequent P nutrition of the ectomycorrhizal host-plant in soil conditions The objective of this work was therefore to quantify the release of oxalate and/ or protons by six ectomycorrhizal...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... the land is even often at stake: the understorey is invaded by a dense cover of few ’social’ herbaceous species and the forest slowly turns into a heathland compétition / drainage / (Aussenac and ... broad-leaved species, and results are more contrasting, from clear positive effects (Belgrand and Lévy, 1985) to the absence of effect (Kollist, 1975) and even negative effects in young stands (Holstener-Jørgensen ... related to field conditions and to the structure of the stands, it was not possible to obtain a sample which was balanced for all the combinations of the treatments This was also due to the fact...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21

... of the ovariectomy rat experiment Blood and urine samples were isolated at day of ovariectomy (t = weeks) and at two, ovariectomy rat experiment four and six weeks after ovariectomy Group A was ... ACBJ, TLA and JMD were the study directors, making protocols and the final analysis All histology was performed by ACBJ MK, FDH and LVS were responsible for the animal experiments and acted as ... before am and a second morning void urine sample were collected and stored below -70°C until ready for assay for urinary CTX-II and urinary Helix-II Ovariectomy rat model design The rat ovariectomy...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:22

... classified the patients into two groups according to their age and compared the IFN-γ production by their PBMCs in response to IL-12 and IL-18 The mean age, disease duration, and C-reactive-protein ... presence of IL-12 as a contributory factor in inducing the IFN-γ-dominant T-cell cytokine response in joints of patients with longstanding RA [13] IL-18 is a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important ... subpopulation with reduced ability to produce IFN-γ remains to be clarified [29–31] In order to assess overall differences in systemic response to the Th1-inducing cytokines, IL-12 and IL-18, we compared...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... patients Tetanus toxoid vaccine and the 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine were used to assess the impact of abatacept on a memory response to a T-celldependent protein antigen and to a less T-cell-dependent ... baseline) to both tetanus toxoid and 23-valent pneumococcal vaccines 10 Competing interests 12 LT, GV, RR and MC are employees of Bristol-Myers Squibb (Princeton, NJ, USA) and own stock options FL is ... subjects at 14 and 28 days after vaccination ranged from 22% to 69% and from 24% to 68%, respectively Similarly, the decrease in antibody response for subjects in Group D determined at 14 and 28 days...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... of the ovariectomy rat experiment Blood and urine samples were isolated at day of ovariectomy (t = weeks) and at two, ovariectomy rat experiment four and six weeks after ovariectomy Group A was ... ACBJ, TLA and JMD were the study directors, making protocols and the final analysis All histology was performed by ACBJ MK, FDH and LVS were responsible for the animal experiments and acted as ... before am and a second morning void urine sample were collected and stored below -70°C until ready for assay for urinary CTX-II and urinary Helix-II Ovariectomy rat model design The rat ovariectomy...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 13:22

... Rasid MM, Suliman A, Tohru T, Hitoshi K, Yasutomo T: Effects of 5-aminolevulinic acid to recover salt damage on cotton, tomato, and wheat seedlings in Saudi Arabia J Arid Land Stud 2004, 14:105-113 ... mannitol, ABA and methyl viologen (MV), by extracting total RNA from these plants and performing quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) Compared to untreated plants, 150 mM NaCl, 250 mM mannitol, ... fused to the uidA reporter gene (AtTSPO437::GUS), and transformed into plants, allowing in vivo analysis of AtTSPO transcriptional response to stress conditions AtTSPO-437::GUS was found to be...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... combination of detoxification treatment, physical exercise, and manual labor [7,19-22] At the third level, drug users who relapse after receiving compulsory detoxification are mandated to to years of ... main purpose of the compulsory and voluntary detoxification is to reduce demands for drug use, drug related crimes, and injection drug use, which are designed to eventually reduce HIV transmission ... Sahai H, Marrero CA, Matos DT, et al: Effects of combined counseling and case management to reduce HIV risk behaviors among Hispanic drug injectors in Puerto Rico: A randomized controlled study...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 18:20

... PToand Prf-mediated host defense responses to infection by Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato Plant J 2002, 32:299-316 Singh KB, Foley RC, Onate-Sanchez L: Transcription factors in plant defense and ... syringae pv tomato and Peronospora parasitica Funct Plant Biol 2003, 30(4):461-469 Thaler JS, Bostock RM: Interactions between abscisic-acidmediated responses and plant resistance to pathogens and insects ... BnWRKY genes in response to fungal challenge Expression analyses of BnWRKY genes in response to fungal challenge Changes in BnWRKY transcript abundance in response to (A) S sclerotiorum and (B) A brassicae...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... macrophages via RAGE and/ or Toll-like receptors (TLRs) Together, these processes synergize to stimulate hyperinflammatory responses that ultimately cause severe injury to the host IL-2, interleukin-2 As ... activate nuclear factor-kappa B and upregulate innate immune molecules such as CC-chemokine ligand CCL2 [5] Infected macrophages then release microbial products and engage Toll-like receptors (TLRs) ... activate signaling systems that stimulate hyperinflammatory responses (Figure 1) In conclusion, in polymicrobial sepsis and in response to L monocytogenes, genetic deletion of RAGE is remarkably protective...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... candidate comparator genes in relation to known standards Each gene shown was tested by qRT-PCR on 100 ng RNA from the conditions shown A 10 pM DNA comparator from the cognate gene was used to ... (except Asp f and -23), ranging from ~1.1 to ~3 fold Only Asp f 4, -5 and -10 were induced more than 3-fold, compared to AMM + 1% glucose (Figure 2B) Allergen gene expression in response to complex ... MOI - 1:200 and 1:2000 spores/macrophage The MOI used were chosen to give conditions where both fungus and macrophage were able to grow and remain viable for Fraczek et al Clinical and Molecular...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 13:22

... cell survival and death in response to ER stress, and other stress conditions 11 Role of CHOP in apoptosis induced by ER stress CHOP is suggested to contribute to enhanced apoptosis by several ... expression changes in response to the different stress conditions Increased CHOP levels due to the absence of inhibitory uORF sensitized the cells to stress-induced apoptosis when compared to the v cells ... lead to disease complications (1-3, 5, 12-14) Multiple translation factors facilitate translation initiation The eIF2 consists of three subunits (α,β, and γ) and binds with GTP and initiator Met-tRNAiMet...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 12:32

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 07:22

... can from to 1, the value of 0.7 or more is acceptable for the internal consistency of data set 3.2.3.3 Exploratory Factors Analysis Exploratory Factors Analysis (EFA) was conducted to get the ... statistics about factors which are considered influencing intention to consuming fast food of students For more detail, mean of agreement levels of respondents to these factors was calculated to describe ... (SPSS) software version 20 was used to input and analyze data with the tools Descriptive Statistics, Reliability test, Exploratory Factors Analysis, Correlation test and Multiple Linear Regression...

Ngày tải lên: 23/10/2015, 15:38

... (within-subjects factors) Categorical factors are used to divide study population into subgroups (between-subjects factors) and 96 continuous variables are used as control variables (covariates) Taking into ... and fixed effects exist, the effects of between- and within-subjects factors as well as the interaction between factors and covariates and its effects are analyzed The difference between LR and ... 125- and 20- bp bands (lanes 1, 2, 3, 6, and 9) and CYP3A5*1/*3 genotype gives 168-, 148-, 125- and 20- bp (lanes 4, 5, and 10) CYP3A5*3/*3 genotype is not seen in this picture The 20- bp band...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:32

... three repeated DWMRI and DCEMRI sessions, and together with volumes and PSA measurements, these parameters were independently and combined used as inputs to a BPNN in order to explore their feasibility ... Basel, Switzerland), and 0.1 mg/ml butorphanol (Torbugesic, Fort Dodge Laboratories, Fort Dodge, IA), diluted 1:5 in sterile water A dose of 50 μl/10 g was given prior to irradiation and 75 μl/10 ... androgendeprivation therapy (ADT) and/ or radiotherapy (RT) and were subjected functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pretreatment and and days after onset of treatment Together with standard...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20