extraction of dna from paleofeces

... effective extraction method for activated sludge However, cell disruption is not effective for the isolation of bioflocculants Thus, NaOH extraction was the most effective method for the extraction of ... ratio of the UV-absorbing peak indicated it was composed mainly of nucleic acid In the profile of the NaOH-extracted polymer (B), the elution volume (80 ml) of saccharide corresponded to that of ... analytical data of the polymer components shown in Table Conclusions Four different microbial polymer extraction methods (steaming extraction, NaOH extraction, SDS extraction, and washing extraction) ...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08

... after extraction as well as sugar production and change in starch content after hydrolysis of residual extraction solids In a secondary experiment, fermentability of sugars produced from extraction ... conversion and ethanol production from ISP extraction residues Since the majority of sugars produced from residual solids that underwent anthocyanin extraction were in the form of the simple sugar glucose, ... combinations (sterile water instead of solvent) Residual solids from the described extraction treatment combinations were carried forward to examine the effects of the extraction conditions on sugar...

Ngày tải lên: 05/05/2014, 08:39

... B: Extraction of curcumin from turmeric with different concentrations of ethanol C: Absorbance of the solvent by turmeric powder D: Effect of macerating hours on the extraction of curcumin from ... Programs of Guangzhou City (2009-T-17-1) and Guangdong Natural Science Fund (10151063101000002) References Fig Column-chromatographic extraction of curcumin from turmeric A: Extraction of curcumin from ... macerating method, the extraction efficiencies of different concentrations of ethanol was tested As shown in Fig 1B, the extraction rates of curcumin increased with ethanol concentrations from 40% to 80%,...

Ngày tải lên: 01/07/2014, 13:23

... 3.1.5 Comparison of the results of extraction with MAE and other methods Other extraction procedures (conventional heating reflux extraction method, ultrasoundassisted extraction and extraction at ... (82.46 %) of MAE for minutes radiation (18 total time of extraction) higher than that of ultrasound-assisted extraction in 60 minutes, conventional heating reflex extraction in 60 minutes and extraction ... material/ solvent ratio from 1:4 to 1:6, afterward, yield of extraction was slightly decreased, from 19.36 to 18.10 with ratio increased from 1:6 to 1:8, then increased, from 18.10 to 21.06 with...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 10:21

... the absence of these bands indicates that most of the lignin was removed So in RH cellulose the extraction procedures removed most of lignin polymers because of the disappearance of the lignin-associated ... step of mass loss Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 88, 151–165 Morán, J I., Alvarez, V A., Cyras, V P., & Vazquez, A (2008) Extraction of cellulose and preparation of nanocellulose from ... to determine the ash content of rice husk TGA scans were carried out from 35 to 700 ◦ C at a heating rate of 10 ◦ C min−1 and under inert atmosphere of N2 in a flux of 50 mL min−1 (TA Instruments...

Ngày tải lên: 08/10/2014, 06:05

... classical liquid liquid extraction (LLE) Microextraction techniques are characterized by the extraction of analytes from a given donor phase, into a minuscule volume of a selected acceptor phase ... 46 3.3.2 Preparation of surface modified sorbents 3.3 44 47 3.3.2.1 Preparation of APS 47 3.3.2.2 Preparation of UPS 47 3.3.2.3 Preparation of ZIPS 47 3.3.3 Characterization of sorbents and sorbent-containing ... Determination of EWC 48 References 49 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 50 Preparation of sorbents 51 4.1.1 Preparation of APS and UPS 51 4.1.2 Preparation of ZIPS 53 4.2 EWC 54 4.3 Comparison of sorbents...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:12

... List of Tables x List of Figures xi List of Abbreviations xvii Introduction 1.1 1.2 Problem Description and Scope of Study Contributions Background & Related Work 2.1 Challenges of ... adapted from (Chen & Odobez 2005).) 51 Figure 2.26 The four main steps of text recognition (Figure adapted from (Casey & Lecolinet 1996).) 53 Figure 2.27 The results of projection profile ... provides a brief overview of the challenges of the different types of texts considered in this thesis We also review existing text extraction methods and identify some of the research gaps that...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 11:24

... dividing lines of the domains of attraction of rain falling over the region The height of each point represents its intensity value The input of the watershed transform is the gradient of the original ... Flowchart of the proposed PPA detection method 70 4.2 Examples of (a) square structuring element with width of pixels (b) disk structuring element with radius of pixels 71 4.3 Output of ... 66 vii List of Figures LIST OF FIGURES 1.1 An example of color fundus image 2.1 Histogram of a bimodal image 2.2 Gradient vector flow [22] Left: deformation of snake with...

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 22:32

... in Table Total of 20 experiments were set up using the CCD matrix The yield extraction of mulberry values (Y) was taken as the response of the design experiment Design Expert software version ... extraction of the samples The effects of the extraction parameters such as temperature, weight and extraction time were investigated on the yield values The P- values show the significance of coefficients ... study proved that statistical experimental designs offer an efficient extraction yield optimization of mulberry fruits A maximum extraction yield of 1.15% was achieved with the following optimized...

Ngày tải lên: 02/08/2016, 13:37

... 2000) The translocation of DnaB on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) requires ATP hydrolysis We constructed the DNA substrate shown in Fig The DnaB helicase enters the substrate from the left by riding ... Manipulation of DNA and Protein – Examples from Current Research Fig A substrate designed to separate temporally and spatially DnaB translocation from DNA unwinding A 5’ tailed DNA with otherwise ... the major groove of the DNA and distorted the latter from the canonical structure (Fig.2A) (Kamada et al., 1996) The transverse view of Tus bound to a space-filling model of DNA shows that the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 23:20

... 2000) The translocation of DnaB on double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) requires ATP hydrolysis We constructed the DNA substrate shown in Fig The DnaB helicase enters the substrate from the left by riding ... Manipulation of DNA and Protein – Examples from Current Research Fig A substrate designed to separate temporally and spatially DnaB translocation from DNA unwinding A 5’ tailed DNA with otherwise ... the major groove of the DNA and distorted the latter from the canonical structure (Fig.2A) (Kamada et al., 1996) The transverse view of Tus bound to a space-filling model of DNA shows that the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 21:20

... units superimpose with an ˚ rmsd of 0.1 A, and the phosphorus atoms of the sugar–phosphate backbone from both DNA chains ˚ superimpose with an rmsd of 0.23 A Formation of a swapped dimer reduces the ... which are composed of residues 1–35 from one protein chain and residues 38–65 from another protein chain (Figs 1A, 2) The architecture of the functional units closely resembles that of all other structural ... Max et al A Fig Comparison of open (domainswapped) and closed states of Bc-Csp (A) Torsion angle distribution of Glu36w (left) and Gly37/ (right) from 14 closed models of Bc-Csp and Bs-CspB and...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 09:21

... extracting grammars from a Treebank A feature structure is a way of representing grammatical information Formally feature structure consists of a specification of a set of features, each of which is ... feature structure of a new node created by substitution inherits the union of the features of the original nodes The top feature of new node is the union of the top features (f1 ∪ f) of the two original ... Insertion Grammars, one variation of TAG formalism for his extraction system from English Penn Treebank Xia et al (2000) developed the uniform method of a grammar extraction for English, Chinese...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 18:20

... automatically The objects concerned wilh the extraction of cues from spectra, segmentation, manner-class sequencing and display of constituent structure, repairing effects of lenition and assimilation are ... cues are calculated from fast Fourier transforms (FFTs) of speech signals in terms of total amplitude or energy distribution ED across low, middle and high frequency parts of the vocal range and ... computable only after segmentation from the length in slices from boundary to boundary, 579 normalising this length using the JSRU database of the relative durations of segments in different manner...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 04:20

... may often be used with determiners in the general domain Hosaka, Junko and Umetsu, Ryo 2002 Toward the extraction of protein-protein interaction information from immunology literature Proc of ... network of human genes for high-throughput analysis of gene expression Nature Genetics, 28: 21-28 Yakushiji, Akane, et al 2001 Event extraction from biomedical papers using a full parser Proc of PSB, ... NP/NPL to the left of the "activat*" phrase • Extract the highest NP/NPL "ACK-2" Preliminary Evaluation We applied our extraction rules to two sets consisting of the parsing outputs from 100 sentences:...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20

... through use of fractional separators or at the point of extraction by stepwise alterations of pressure and temperature Figure 6: A) Structure of isolated component, B) 1H NMR spectrum of isolated ... was charged with 300 g of glass from a LCD panel (Figure 2D) cut into 10 cm x cm segments Typical extraction took place at a pressure of 250 bar and 40°C with a flow rate of 40 g/min, the collector ... bar and 40ºC the extraction recovery from complete screens was poor, 0.1% of the total liquid crystal present The removal of a resin seal from the outer edge of the LCD did not significantly increase...

Ngày tải lên: 28/04/2014, 10:50

... Detail of the measured data set of Figure 4, (b) reconstruction of the response of the first-order ceiling reflection using the Radon transform method, (c) the result of subtracting (b) from (a) ... Conservatory of Music in The Hague, at the Department of “Art of Sound.” During the summer semester of 2001, he fulfilled the “Edgard Varese” guest professorship at TU Berlin In 2004, he held a Guest Professor ... data set of Figure 4, (b) reconstruction of the response of the first-order ceiling reflection using the cylindrical harmonics decomposition method, (c) the result of subtracting (b) from (a) 10...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... artefact of the method conclusion, the protocol described provided DNA good quality by a quick method of extraction from tree species which have often been a problem regarding extraction of their DNA ... yielded DNA but only from in vitro culture and not from other sources of plant material The method of Sul and Korban [12] was originally designed for extracting DNA from in vitro cultures of apple ... modification of the original CTAB protocol of Doyle and Doyle [2] and other CTAB methods designed for extraction of DNA from plant material [1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 12]) CTAB (1-2 %) extraction buffers often...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... that Nef expressed from unintegrated DNA also diminished levels of expression of CXCR4 to ≈ 42% of those attained with Δ-nef virus, (p < 0.001) In contrast, downregulation of CCR5 in the same ... evidence of chemokine coreceptor downregulation mediated by Nef derived from unintegrated DNA In addition, we confirm the findings of other groups that Nef expressed from unintegrated DNA can ... state of resting Tlymphocytes, thereby rendering them more amenable to productive infection [13] The expression of early gene products from unintegrated DNA seems to be a natural feature of the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:23