... proposed a method for ex-
tracting semanticorientationsof words with boot-
strapping. The semantic orientation of a word is
determined on the basis of its gloss, if any of their
52 hand-crafted rules ... in extractingsemantic orientations
with high accuracy, even when only a small number
of seed words are available.
There are a number of directions for future work.
One is the incorporation of ... :
¯x
new
i
=
x
i
x
i
exp
βx
i
j
w
ij
¯x
old
j
x
i
exp
βx
i
j
w
ij
¯x
old
j
. (7)
4 Extraction ofSemantic Orientation of
Words with Spin Model
We use the spin model to extract semantic orienta-
tions of words.
Each spin has a direction taking one of two values:
up or...
... type
of phrase contains most of interesting properties
of phrases, such as emergence or inversion of se-
mantic orientations.
In order to capture the properties of semantic
orientationsof phrases, ... context just
as the semanticorientationsof words do, but we
would like to obtain the most basic orientations of
phrases. We believe that we can use the obtained
basic orientationsofphrases for affect ... structure of
the semanticorientationsof phrases.
Inui (2004) introduced an attribute plus/minus
for each word and proposed several rules that
determine the semanticorientationsof phrases
on...
...
since Lakoff (1965). (For a more precise seman-
tic characterization of stativ¢s see Dowty, 1979.)
Classic examples of stative verbs are know,
believe,
desire, and love. A number of syntactic ...
investigating automatic acquisition of semantics.
Hindle and Smadja and McKeown rely purely on
the ability of one particular word to statistically
predict the occurrence of another in a particular ... second source of noise is failure
of the learner to detect the cue accurately. The
accuracy of our automatic cue detection detection
is described in the following section.
2.5 Accuracy of Cue Detection...
... constructing a semantic- role dictionary
for nouns in the special format for machine-use.
3 Interpretation
of N1 no N2
using a
Dictionary
Semantic- role information of nouns in an ordi-
nary dictionary ... elementary problem of our
method. Out of 175 phrases which should be
interpreted as semantic- role relation based on
the dictionary, 13 were not analyzed correctly
because of this type of problem. ... upper levels of NTT Semantic Feature Dictionary.
that the verb
kakou-suru
takes two cases, nouns
of
AGENT
semantic feature can fill the
ga-case
slot and nouns of CONCRETE semantic feature...
... ExtractingSemantic Roles from a Model of Eventualities
Sylvie Ratt6
Universit6 du Qu6bec fi MontrSal / Linguistics ...
perceived instigator of the action).
Since one of the desired characteristic of a
roles system is the power to discriminate events
[5] (another "desired" property being to offer an
easier ... property being to offer an
easier selection of grammatical functions), the
recognition ofsemantic roles should be linked to
the interpretation of the event, that is to their dy-
namic properties....
... this paper was twofold. Firstly,
we wanted to compare the performance of different
machine learning algorithms on the task of map-
ping from a vector of web frequencies of para-
phrases containing ... also interested in comparing the perform-
ance of machine learning algorithms on the task of
mapping from n-gram frequencies of joining terms
to semantic relations. For the experiments we use ... which
joining terms are good predictors of a semantic
relation, and which learning algorithms perform
best at the task of mapping from joining terms to
semantic relations for modifier-noun compounds....
... Acquisition of a Lexicon fromSemantic Representations of
Sentences*
Cynthia A. Thompson
Department of Computer Sciences
University of Texas
2.124 Taylor Hall
Austin, ... map-
ping of words to their semantic representa-
tion is presented and a preliminary evalua-
tion is performed. Tree least general gener-
alizations (TLGGs) of the representations
of input ...
a mapping of words to their semantic representa-
tion, and which overcomes the above problems. Our
system, WOLFIE (WOrd Learning From Interpreted
Examples), learns this mapping from training...
... the standard de-
viation of the initial estimates of the inside scores
262
Learning Translations of Named-Entity Phrasesfrom Parallel Corpora
Robert C. Moore
Microsoft Research
Redmond, WA 98052, ... coverage and accuracy in
choosing French translations of English
named-entity phrases in a test corpus of
software manuals. Analysis of a subset
of our results suggests that the method
should also ... words or phrases that name a spe-
cific entity. While often thought of in terms of
categories such as persons, organizations, or lo-
cations, in technical text a much wider range of
types of entities...
... output what
kind of and how many noun phrases, when it processes
the texts like (17). Three kinds of noun phrases
(maximal noun phrases, minimal noun phrases and
ordinary noun phrases) are defined ... noun
phrases are those noun phrases which are not contained
in other noun phrases. In contrast, minimal noun
phrases do not contain any other noun phrases.
3 This example is taken from N06:0280d-N06:0290d, ... book indexing,
some kinds of maximal noun phrases, such as noun
phrases postmodified by " ;of& quot; prepositional phrases, are
suitable: but some are not, e.g., noun phrases modified by
relative...
... or links as a part of the normal
use of popular online services, so that the tags then
become a form of categorization in themselves. Tags are
usually semantic representations of abstract concepts
created ... the
Iskelmä and World genres (which were taken from
another corpus of music), all of the songs that were
eventually chosen in November 2008 from each of these
genres could already be found on the ... Davis, Y Zhou, An Integrated Approach to Extracting Ontological
Structures from Folksonomies, in Proceedings of the 6th European Semantic
Web Conference on The Semantic Web. Research and Applications,...
... meet the need of our
patient of removing the lipomatous formation while
keeping the tattoo intact, during the surgical treat -
ment of the lipoma, we followed the exact lines of the
tattoo ... Pre-operative photo of the lipomatous formation
with the tattoo.
Figure 2 Four months post-operative result.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
No similar case of surgical removal of lipoma
from an area ...
procedure was found in literature. The intent of the
case study is to highlight the use of pre-existing tattoo
outline to minimize the appearance of surgical inci-
sions. This procedure, in our...
... Use a phrase or clause of purpose into combine each pair of sentences below:
1. The boys stood on the benches. They wanted to get a better view.
2. We lower the volume of the radio. We do not ... French so that she will be able to speak it when she comes to Paris.
III/ Change the phrasesof purpose to clause of purpose or vice versa:
1. We hurried to school so as not to be late.
2. He climbed ... will be independent of their parents.
5. We should do morning exercises regularly so as to improve our health.
6. We should take advantage of the scientific achievements of the world so that...