experience and visual attention in driving

... decades have shown growing interest in the development of visual attention and the associated development of the brain (10–14) Visual attention can be studied in infants by observing gaze shifts under ... According to Atkinson et al (15), disengaging attention and switching gaze during the first months of life is subserved by two attention networks in the brain: (1) subcortical systems involving ... cortex (including the intraparietal sulcus) and frontal cortex (including frontal eye fields) The superior colliculus is thought to be involved in shifting the gaze to a new location and inhibiting...

Ngày tải lên: 24/11/2022, 17:49

... environment by controlling and directing eye movements 2.3 Overt and Covert Orienting of Visual Attention Figure 2.1: Visual orienting graph 2.3 Overt and Covert Orienting of Visual Attention All these ... novelty seeking mechanism (Posner & Cohen, 1984) and in facilitating visual search when the target does not pop out (Klein and MacInnes, 1999) It is also worth noting that overt and covert attention ... fixating a meaningful spot is increased, and so is the probability that the fixation duration will be extended In other words, since viewers are expected to remain fixated at informative, interesting,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:22

... experiments have shown the in? ??uence of scene context in guiding visual attention (Neider and Zelinsky, 2006; Chen et al., 2006) In Neider and Zelinsky (2006) the scene-constrained targets were searched ... spatial coherency map indicates randomness in the block structure, suggesting that region does not belong to any single entity or object Since we are interested in motion saliency induced by the spatially ... visual attention Motion saliency for a frame is computed over multiple preceding frames According to our investigations, overt orienting of the fovea to any motion induced salient locations in...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:22

... saliency values in the map by selecting a threshold in terms of a multiple of the standard deviation (X) The intuition behind using thresholds in saliency maps was that any region at X standard deviations ... consideration salience at the fixated and non-fixated location and having upper and lower bounds (0.5 for chance discrimination, 1.0 or for perfect discrimination depending on if actual/human or control ... saliency map, obtained using motion intensity, spatial coherency, and temporal coherency maps The second stage is where we modulate our saliency map using face information The third and final stage...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:23

... applying skills and practices in various settings; utilizing diverse and even contradictory points of view; and understanding issues and positions contextually." Integrated studies involve bringing ... studying interdisciplinary work across a range of settings They have found interdisciplinary understanding to be crucial for modern-thinking students II.1.2.2 Benefits and limitations of integrative ... writing performance is related to the following elements: regular and substantial practice at writing; instruction in writing process strategies; exposure to models of writing in process, including...

Ngày tải lên: 30/05/2020, 15:34

... embedding, Science 290 (5500) (2000) 2323 180 Bibliography [113] A Hadid, M Pietikainen, Efficient locally linear embeddings of imperfect manifolds, in: Machine Learning and Data Mining in Pattern ... saliency and common attention from prior knowledge To discover and represent intrinsic information, the nonlinear dimension reduction algorithm named Geometrically Local Embedding (GLE) and its linearization ... Hand gesture recognition and tracking based on distributed locally linear embedding, in: Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Robotics, Automation and Mechatronics, Bangkok, Thailand,...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 17:58

... contraception and HIV/STI prevention; inadequate teaching materials and training; a scattershot approach to providing specific information that undermines comprehensive student understanding; and a tendency ... require attention to technical standards as well as to political and budgetary support Training and retraining of teachers will be a major challenge in Nigeria, as well as ensuring adequate funding ... challenges and the experience in addressing them One type of challenge involves getting programs started, keeping them going and scaling them up from small pilot projects to the national level The main...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 14:20

... before returning to the visually and cognitively less demanding region below the line. We also suggest that the pacing of high visual activity with visual relief is important, reinforcing the impor- tance ... has in hand, we expect more and more activity in films of the near future, with action and adventure films leading the way. Visual Activity Indices (VAIs) and Average Shot Lengths (ASLs) Since ... show an increase in VAI from 1935 to 2005, with action and adventure films leading the way and with dramas showing little increase. Using these data and those from three more recent high-intensity...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 14:20

... reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means (including photocopying, recording, or information storage and retrieval) without permission in writing from RAND. Published 2004 by the RAND ... standards, including the following: The problem is well formulated; the research approach is well designed and well executed; the data and assumptions are sound; the findings are useful and ... document and trademark(s) contained herein are protected by law as indicated in a notice appearing later in this work. This electronic representation of RAND intellectual property is provided...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 01:20

... human hand tracking In ECCV, pages 35{46, May 1994 R Jain and K Wakimoto Multiple perspective interactive video In Proceedings of the International Conference on Multimedia Computing and ... some of the exciting and challenging directions presented in this book References 1 Adelson, E.H and Niyogi, S A Analyzing and recognizing walking gures in XYT In IEEE CVPR-94, ... 141(2):101{106, 1994 12 Davis, L S and Gavrila,... local minima 12 MUBARAK SHAH AND RAMESH JAIN In Bregler and Omohundro's method, the training lip images are initially labeled by the snakes...

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 13:40

... load in a VR environment has been proposed a number of times in previous research. Of course there are many difficulties involved in determining the correspondence between this index and intrinsic ... virtual reality equipment (CAVE) and motion base system generated a driving scene and provided subjects with dynamic and wide-ranging depth information and vestibular input. The heart rate variability ... stimuli in VR environment Hiroshi Watanabe*, Wataru Teramoto and Hiroyuki Umemura Address: Institute for Human Science and Biomedical Engineering, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. as occupational diseases. However, since the number of reported cases is increasing, and since there is a delay in ... higher incidence than in females in one Norwegian province [5]. The cause appeared to be that some 1,500 males in the province worked in a nickel refinery. As for lung cancer, Finland may be an excellent ... carcinogens. As mentioned before, such an example was observed in Norway in the 1960’ s and 1970’ s, where male cancer of the nasal sinuses was up to nine times higher in one province than in...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20

... of learning and inference will be explained in the next sections Cup instances Surface marking reduction by intermediate blurring Repeatable part Surface marking part Figure 13: Large intraclass ... Willamowski, and C Bray, ? ?Visual categorization with bags of keypoints,” in Proceedings of the Workshop on Statistical Learning in Computer Vision (ECCV ’04), 2004 [12] J Winn, A Criminisi, and T Minka, ... In general, objects not exist in a white background Instead, objects exist in certain places, such as cars in a street, hair driers in a bathroom, and drills in a workshop Therefore, object and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 08:20

... WebPartZone controls, dragging and dropping in, 817 XAML, viewing and editing in, 1612–1617 XHTML in, 1571–1573 XML Web service See XML Web Services, building zone layouts, 817 Visual Studio Conversion ... 1189–1190 using external style sheets in, 864–865 using inline styles in, 866 using internal style sheets in, 865–866 Web Parts allowing user to change mode of page, 820–833 creating custom, ... 1425 in DetailsView control, 349–350 handling errors in GridView control during, 337–339 IIS dependencies and, 565 LINQ to SQL, 493 in SQL Server, 381–382 using AJAX on Web page, 897 using pkmgr.exe...

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 18:20

... Querying with LINQ 455 LINQ to Objects 455 Traditional Query Methods 455 Replacing Traditional Queries with LINQ 464 Data Grouping 472 Other LINQ Operators 473 LINQ Joins 473 Paging Using LINQ ... Using LINQ 475 LINQ to XML 476 Joining XML Data 479 LINQ to SQL 481 Insert, Update, and Delete Queries through LINQ 490 Extending LINQ 494 Summary 495 Chapter 10: Working with XML and LINQ to XML ... ListBox, RadioButtonList, and CheckBoxList 365 TreeView 366 Ad Rotator 366 Menu 367 Inline Data-Binding Syntax 367 Data-Binding Syntax Changes 368 XML Data Binding 369 Expressions and Expression Builders...

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 18:20

... Rendering 1210 Adding Tag Attributes 1214 Styling HTML 1217 Themes and Skins 1220 Adding Client-Side Features 1222 Detecting and Reacting to Browser Capabilities 1231 Using ViewState 1234 Raising ... The Directory and DirectoryInfo Classes 1143 File and FileInfo 1149 Working with Paths 1154 File and Directory Properties, Attributes, and Access Control Lists 1158 Reading and Writing Files 1166 ... 1124 Starting a Debugging Session 1125 New Tools to Help You with Debugging 1128 Client-side Javascript Debugging 1131 SQL Stored Proc Debugging 1134 Exception and Error Handling 1134 Handling Exceptions...

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 18:20

... snap -in when using Windows XP, or the new IIS interface if you are using Windows Vista) use the WebConfigurationManager class that is also available for building custom administration tools. Listing ... — creating, deleting, and editing them. You get all this capability by using the APIs or a built -in Web tool called the Web Site Administration Tool. As far as storing users and their roles, ... event informa- tion in a SQL Express file contained within the application. This change can be made by adding a < healthMonitoring > node to your web.config file as presented in Listing I-5....

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 18:20

... of the wing and thorax These elements, the sensory organs decorating the thorax and wing margin and the longitudinal veins running along the proximo-distal length of the wing blade and hinge, differentiate ... proteins (FGFRs 1b, 1c, 2b, 2c, 3b, 3c, and 4) with differing ligand-binding specificity are generated from four Fgfr genes Paracrine FGFs have a heparin-binding site and interaction with heparin-like ... diseases including Parkinson and Alzheimer Similarly, the mTOR pathway is implicated in metabolic diseases including diabetes and obesity as well as in ageing (Inoki et al., 2005) Finally, many...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 04:20

... Treatment includes avoiding allergens, using a steroid inhaler to reduce inflammation, using a bronchodilator, and stopping smoking 155 Explain the difference between an endocrine gland and an exocrine ... known method Consequently, DNA fingerprinting is a reliable method for identifying and distinguishing among human beings, such as in a criminal case DNA fingerprinting is also used to diagnose genetic ... cleaning agents, cold temperatures, and exercise (in susceptible individuals) ɀ Signs and symptoms Symptoms include difficulty breathing, a tight feeling in the chest, wheezing, and coughing ɀ...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 07:20

... thyroglobulin (670 kDa), c-globulin (158 kDa), ovalbumin (44 kDa), myoglobin (17 kDa) and vitamin B12 (1.35 kDa) standards (Lower) Fractions containing standards and analyzed proteins of (1) GST–mSPS1 and ... was digested with BamHI and HindIII and cloned into the same sites of pQE31 to yield pQhDLP1, which was in turn digested with XhoI and HindIII and cloned into the SalI and HindIII sites of pSTV28 ... stationary phase in Luria–Bertani (LB) medium containing ampicillin, and 0.5 mL of the culture was then inoculated into 50 mL of the same medium A crude protein extract containing GST–mSPS1 and His–mDLP1...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20