... existing guide-lines – in particular, the Declaration of Helsinki (World Medical Association,1996) and the international ethical guidelines for biomedical research involv-ing human subjects of ... Perinatal HIV Intervention Research in Developing Countries Workshop Participants, 1999), and the risk of anaemia (Halsey, 1997). In a consensus statement (Perinatal HIV Intervention Researchin ... information. I submit that in the case of anonymized testing, and in the case of ‘routine’ voluntary named testing, consent is often vitiated by alack of understanding and information, and sometimes...
... disability, in the context ofethicalissues in withdrawing life-sustaining treatment. He writes, ‘Life-sustaining treatmentimplies that treatment is being given in order to maintain or create ... testing andtermination when there is no other means of avoiding intolerable suVeringon the part of the child and family. She was actually a member of the workingparty of the Royal College of ... pre-embryos.31Overview Ethicalissues in maternal–fetal medicineEdited byDonna L. DickensonJohn Ferguson Professor of Global Ethics, University of Birmingham, UK into existence is a type of beneWt, failing...
... and stimulating debate.15 7Ethical issuesin embryo interventions and cloning ConclusionCloning is only one example, among the many discussed in this chapter, of ethical dilemmas in the new ... revolution in the treatment of subfertile men which involves micro-injecting the egg with a single sperm,and pre-implantation diagnosis, a genetic diagnostic technique involvingbiopsy of the embryo in ... diminished sense of individuality and personal autonomy, belong to the same analysis.156 F. Shenfield trates on practical issues, within the context of licensing clinics for testingspeciWc inherited...
... futureBalance of probability <50% of normalityBalance of probability >50% of normalityFigure 21.1. Ethicalissuesin withdrawing life-sustaining treatment from handicappedneonates – in the ... becomes absolutely certain of theoutcome, except in retrospect. At what stage ‘the balance of probability’34 1Ethical issuesin withdrawing life-sustaining treatment results of the autopsy and how ... the principle of double eVect, whereby giving a medicine with theprimary intent to hasten death is illicit but giving a medicine to relievesuVering, which may have the side eVect of hastening...
... to ‘termina-tion’. Although ‘termination’ is the more honest description, a fair andadequate deWnition of the procedure needs to include the aim of maintainingthe pregnancy by preserving some ... point.) In the light of theselimitations, the most common method of terminating some of the embryosor fetuses in a multiple gestation is direct termination at 9 to 12 weeksthrough transabdominal ... spe-cialized training in infertility treatment can and do prescribe infertility drugswithout utilizing techniques that would minimize the risk of high-ordermultiples. Whether administered by generalists...
... coal miners in terms of the “frame” of tons of coal mined, the health of miners appears to be improving. That is, coal-mine deaths, per ton of coal mined, have been decreasing since 1950 in the ... miners in terms of the “frame” of numbers of coal miners, the health of miners appears to be diminishing. That is, coal mine deaths, per thousand coal-mine employees in the US, have been increasing ... some research projects (and not others), influences on the outcome ofresearch (i.e., findings), and influences on the dissemination ofresearch findings? Are some sources, types, and targets of...
... Library.Library of Congress Cataloguing in Publication Data Ethical Issuesin Nursing/edited by Geoffrey Hunt. p. cm.—(Professionalethics) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Nursing ethics. ... whatsense of best? Clinical best? Moral best?Tensions between medicine and nursing are increasingly coming tothe fore in the field of health care research. In the past, says Blackburn in chapter ... discovery in theGEOFFREY HUNT 11 Noddings’ work might be expected to have something important to sayfor nursing ethics. She distinguishes between natural caring and ethical caring and maintains...
... recent example of the apparent failure to grasp this distinctionis evident in the Report of the Panel of Inquiry into the CircumstancesSurrounding the Death of Jasmine Beckford, in which the ... forming the ‘classic’ phase in theformulation of social work values had a common interest in elucidatingcodifiable sets of principles. Probably the most influential of these was the‘seven principles ... 22Differing goals 323 Ethicalissuesin social work research Geraldine Macdonald and Kenneth Macdonald46Introduction 46Social work and research 46 Research methods and social work 49 Research interpretation...
... restrictions of any sort, however inspiring the idea of moral principles and ethical codes of conduct might initially sound? In Britain the media are restricted by the criminal laws of official ... hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication ... series: Ethical Issuesin Nursing Edited by Geoffrey Hunt Ethical Issuesin Social Work Edited by Richard Hugman and David Smith Genetic Counselling Edited by Angus Clarke The Ground of Professional...
... thatwould support a presumption in favor of continuing the development of germlinegenetic engineering. That is, we have argued that germline genetic engineering isnot intrinsically morally objectionable. ... arise.INTRODUCTION In this chapter we will be examining a number ofethicalissues related to molecularmedicine and gene therapy. In the first part we will be exploring these issuesin a clin-ical context ... interests of the patient for whom they are caring. If all of 324 ETHICALISSUESIN MOLECULAR MEDICINE AND GENE THERAPY Embryo DestructionA fourth argument against germline genetic engineering...
... of the National Research Council.National Academy of SciencesNational Academy of EngineeringInstitute of MedicineNational Research Council INTEGRATING RESEARCH AND OPERATIONAL MISSIONS IN ... president of the National Academy of Engineering.The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions ... systems, individu-ally and collectively, toward developing and maintaining a credible integrated climate observing system.” The “Post-2002” report (NRC,1999b) determined that “ensuring continuity of...
... act of writing, comprehend in the act of reading, and learn techniques of reading by writing and techniques of writing by reading.”Students can only learn to communicate by communicating and develop ... difficulties in applying CLT in universities. This paper attempts to clarify certain issues from the perspective of applying the Communicative Language Teaching to the teaching of oral English in HaUI, ... revising, refining, or changing their educational theories" (Li, 1998; p. 697). HaUI teachers need continuing support with CLT and this can be achieved by appointing highly qualified teaching...