examine questioned documents by chemical treatment

... estrogenic substances in the Sewage treatment plants and Water treatment plants The removal of estrogenic substances by conventional and advanced activated sludge treatment was estimated Advanced ... measured by absorbance The yeast cells were pre-incubated overnight at 30℃ in SD medium The culture was then mixed with a DMSO solution of test chemical and incubated for 4hr at 30℃ After washing by ... significantly lower EE2, E2, E1, and APE concentrations for the secondary treatment water and for ozone treatment water in the sewage treatment plants than for the inflow water (Figure3 and Table 2) In...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... finally dried in the air The typical procedure for the film growth is described as follows Drop by and by 25 % NH4OH into a 100 ml beaker containing 25 ml of 1M CdSO4 solution until the initially ... concentrates of the CdSO4 and thiourea are used The CdS formation is detailed in the following series of chemical reactions: CdSO + NH 4OH ↔ Cd(OH)2 + (NH ) SO Cd(OH)2 + 4NH 4OH ↔ Cd(NH ) 4+ + 2OH − + ... colour without any powdered precipitation After deposition, the substrate were removed from the chemical bath, cleaned thoroughly in distilled water and dried in the air at room temperature The...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 13:20

... Y.F Zhang et al / Chemical Physics Letters 330 (2000) 48±52 Experimental The as-grown Si NWs used in the present experiment were produced by excimer pulsed laser ablation of ... those reported in our previous paper [3] The experimental apparatus employed for coating the Si NWs by CNTs was a bell-jar shaped RFplasma HFCVD system One of the RF electrodes made of a Mo sheet ... the substrate holder This sheet was insulated from the water-cooled stainless grounded supporter by putting it on a quartz plate The other RF electrode was placed cm above The ®lament was placed...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:04

... al / Chemical Physics Letters 411 (2005) 198–202 201 Fig TEM images of silicon nanostructures growth by different pyrolysis time of silane (a) a triangle-shaped silicon tip grown on a CNT by 30-min ... stage 200 C Li et al / Chemical Physics Letters 411 (2005) 198–202 Fig (a) The TEM image of the SiNWs with a SAED image (upper left inset) taken from the face indicated by the red arrow and a ... preferred growth direction and the 3D-prism shape should be determined by the Fe(1 0) as is discussed above It is confirmed by an elemental mapping (Fig 4b) of another developing junction specimen...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:06

... the statistical results obtained by the XRD pattern and the diffraction patterns of different whiskers indicate different orientations The growth of SiNWs catalyzed by metal particles is usually considered ... the morphologies and microstructures of well-aligned SiNWs arrays synthesized by CVD template method were investigated by electron microscopy It is found from the results of SAED that each nanowire ... applications Acknowledgements This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No 60171004) M Lu et al / Chemical Physics Letters 374 (2003) 542–547 References...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 15:08

... of the ANWs, which are surrounded by the byproducts of the reaction between alumina and the anodization or etching solution Conclusion ANWs synthesized by the chemical etching of an AAM are found ... outer layer of the byproducts of the reaction between alumina and the anodization or etching solution Acknowledgments This work was supported by the Korea Research Foundation funded by the Korean ... controlled by varying the second anodization time Fig 1(c) shows an atomic force microscopy (AFM) image of the AAM The configuration of the AAM can be thought of as a pore surrounded by six small...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:08

... synthesis of SnxNy NWs by direct nitridation of Sn with NH3 is feasible by changing from Ar to NH3 since Sn, like In, has a low melting point [28] and InN NWs have been obtained by direct nitridation ... growth of Sn3N4 thin films by APCVD using halides, by Gordon et al and Takahashi et al [12, 13] A similar kind of reaction was also used to grow InN nanocrystals on Si(111) whereby the incorporation ... formation of large Sn droplets was suppressed by adding NH4Cl which dissociates into NH3 and HCl by sublimation at 338 °C and acts as a dispersant thereby enhancing the vapour pressure of Sn Furthermore...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... can then satisfy the chemical bonding energies on the surface of the tubes thereby initiating chemical reactions In addition, their density and energy can be readily regulated by external parameters, ... nanotubes could be overheated by hyperthermal plasma [19, 21] In our previous study, through using H2/O2 gas mixture as etching gas, electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) plasma treatment was shown effective ... effect of gas composition on the functionalization process is investigated, by providing various H2/O2 gas mixtures to the treatment through the control of gas flow ratio Furthermore, the manner in...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... proposed by McGuire (1992) was used [4] Aerobic bacteria, yeasts and molds were quantified by plate count agar methods [1] Sensory quality was analyzed by triangular method [5] Statistical treatment ... 20.00 b* 10.00 0.00 0.00 C1 T1 T2 Treatment sample T3 Figure L* (lightness), a* (redness) and b* (yellowness) values of watermelon fresh-cut after ozone treatment Treatment time of T1, T2 and T3 ... bactericidal effect [2] The same results were also observed in the study of pineapple fresh-cut treatment by ozone [3] According to Vietnam standards, the number of bacteria in fruit fresh-cut should...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 03:20

... the study Patient accrual and clinical data collection was done by all authors Data analysis and treatment data collection was done by MFC and JTC MFC prepared the manuscript HW and JTC revised ... 6:963-968 doi:10.1186/1748-717X-5-91 Cite this article as: Chang et al.: Treatment results for hypopharyngeal cancer by different treatment strategies and its secondary primary- an experience in Taiwan ... remission after radical treatment and, consequently, only one patient required a laryngectomy Although the number is small and there may be some bias in the patients’ treatment choices, the use...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... novel chemical structure An imple­ mentation of this technique is described by Scheiber et al [15] to relate chemical substructures to side-effects and by Campillos et al [16] to combine drug chemical ... from a systems perspective Acknowledgements NPT is supported by training grant NIH LM007033 TL is supported by LM05652 RBA is supported by LM05652 and the NIH/NIGMS Pharmacogenetics Research Network ... off-target binding networks by comparing the structure of ligand-binding sites in all known protein structures The proteins identified as having similar binding domains were ranked by a normalized docking...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20

... by saturating the gas prior to gas turbine combustion (see Spencer 1986) or Makansi (1987) Advances in process efficiency are possible, through the use of a combined cycle configuration and by ... © 2006 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC IGCC process, was built and started-up in Buggenum, in the Netherlands, in 1994 Since October 2001, the installation has been owned and operated by NUON ... removal of ammonia compounds is included in the water treatment process Sources of non-gasifier solid wastes include sludge from raw water treatment and spent bauxite catalyst from the Claus unit,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 20:20

... PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATERS Primary treatment Biological roughing Secondary treatment Tertiary treatment To publicly owned treatment works (POTW) Acid or Equalization alkali Chemicals ... Facilities, described by Slechta and Culp (1967), included pretreatment of secondary effluent by chemical clarification and filtration, thereby 982 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL TREATMENT OF WASTEWATERS ... reverse-osmosis treatment for this effluent A physical -chemical process for the treatment of chemical mechanical polishing process wastewater is presented by Lin and Yang (2004) In it the authors used chemical...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 20:20

... 12.9 Chemical Requirements 12.9.1 Chemical Requirements in Alum Coagulation Treatment 12.9.2 Key to Understanding Subscripts 12.9.3 Chemical Requirements in Ferrous Coagulation Treatment 12.9.4 Chemical ... Publicly owned treatment works were once required to meet the secondary treatment level of treatment by July 1, 1977 By this date, industries were also required the equivalent BPT level of treatment ... water and wastewater in which chemical changes occur Gleaning from these definitions of physical and chemical treatments, in the overall sense, physical chemical treatment of water and wastewater...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... 2003 by A P Sincero and G A Sincero TX249_Frame_C02.fm Page 130 Friday, June 14, 2002 1:51 PM 130 Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater 2.1.14 BIOCHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND Biochemical ... monitored by respirometry Figure 2.2 shows a schematic of an electrolytic respirometer As the waste is consumed, CO2 is produced which is then absorbed by a potassium hydroxide solution by a chemical ... 10 –2 gmol/L Ans 2.1.19 CHEMICAL OXYGEN DEMAND The chemical oxygen demand (COD) test has been used to measure the oxygenequivalent content of a given waste by using a chemical to oxidize the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... imposed by surrounding parcels of water Power dissipation is power lost due to frictional resistance and is equal to the power given to it by the agitator Let us derive this power dissipation by dimensional ... Figure 6.9 shows a hydraulic jump and its schematic By some suitable design, the chemicals to be mixed may be introduced at the point indicated by “1” in the figure Hydraulic-jump mixers are designed ... flow prevention © 2003 by A P Sincero and G A Sincero TX249_frame_C06.fm Page 297 Friday, June 14, 2002 4:30 PM 297 propagates toward the wall, its outer rim will be broken by the baffles, however,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... plate-and-frame press (courtesy of Xingyuan Filtration Products, China) © 2003 by A P Sincero and G A Sincero Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater Side rails Material TX249_frame_C07.fm ... end (courtesy of Swenson Evaporator Co.); (b) section of a leaf © 2003 by A P Sincero and G A Sincero Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater Leaf TX249_frame_C07.fm Page 334 Friday, ... given some treatment The figure shows the cumulative percentages (represented by the “normal probability scale” on the ordinate) as a function of the increasing size of the sand (represented by the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... principally used by commercial production operations are chemical activation and steam activation As the name suggests, chemical activation uses chemicals in the process and © 2003 by A P Sincero ... that allows passage of cations Chemical activation—The process of activating carbon using chemicals Chemical adsorption or chemisorption—A type of adsorption aided by chemical bonding on the surfaces ... vacant by the desorbing solutes Now, let us determine these vacant adsorption sites On a given trial of the experiment, the number of adsorption sites filled by the solute may be quantified by the...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22

... © 2003 by A P Sincero and G A Sincero TX249_frame_C11.fm Page 518 Friday, June 14, 2002 2:27 PM 518 Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater o 11.1.3 ∆ H 298 ’S FOR PERTINENT CHEMICAL ... activity in mg/L of the bicarbonate ion © 2003 by A P Sincero and G A Sincero TX249_frame_C11.fm Page 516 Friday, June 14, 2002 2:27 PM 516 Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater Solution: ... ) –9 = 4.038 ( 10 ) in gmol units © 2003 by A P Sincero and G A Sincero TX249_frame_C11.fm Page 520 Friday, June 14, 2002 2:27 PM 520 Physical Chemical Treatment of Water and Wastewater Therefore,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 10:22