evolutionary scaling and modeling studies of c02 and stress interactions

... possible dimeric structures of LPL, the head-tohead and the head-to-tail models, the studies of the chimeric proteins of hepatic lipase and LPL and the tandem repeat approach of LPL [21,34] support ... homology modeling, addition of hydrogen, modification of bonds, potentials of forcefield, and fixation of heavy atom, backbone, and Ca, were performed for molecular mechanics calculations and then ... of primary-sequence similarity with pancreatic lipase, and the conservation of most of the disulfide bonds between LPL and PL suggests a similar tertiary structure For the two dimeric models of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 15:20

... mode of binding and nature of thermodynamic forces that regulate DNA–ligand interactions are often poorly understood This limited knowledge hampers many efforts to rationally modify existing ligands ... Molecular modeling studies Computational methods are widely used to investigate biomolecules and complexes, and have been shown to be valuable for a deeper understanding of the structural, dynamic and ... combination of enthalpy and entropy terms that vary with temperature The negative values of DH and positive values of DS are consistent with the characteristics of a combination of van der Waals,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... 1970s for decaffeination of coffee and tea, refining of cooking oils, recovering of flavors and pungencies from spices, hops, and other plant materials A compilation of proven and potential applications ... partial molar volume of solute in diluted supercritical solutions is of importance to the understanding of solute solubility and of relevance to the determination of the region of practical interest ... understanding of the phase equilibria of multi-solute mixtures which is of relevance to the design and development of processes involving supercritical fluids In addition to the above, academic and...

Ngày tải lên: 17/09/2015, 17:19

... state of CNS dis-inhibition involved in the pathophysiology of the condition [93] Genetic linkage studies involving families with a history of alcoholism show involvement of chromosomes and and ... relationship of age, gender, handedness, and sidedness to the size of the corpus callosum Academic Radiology 1994; 1:243-248 69 Driesen NR, Raz N The influence of sex, age, and handedness on ... is unclear, as most extant studies are descriptive and limited in power and generalizability Still lacking are large-scale, blinded, randomized, prospective studies of ERP-guided therapy; however...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 11:08

... characterization of numerous complexes of the human HPRT and several bacterial and protozoan HPRTs have been undertaken [13–17] The structure of human HPRT can be divided into two domains: a core domain and ... domain is mainly built up by residues from the C-terminus and consists of a two-stranded anti-parallel b-sheet composed of b2 and b9 and an a-helix from the C-terminus (Fig 1A) The two subunits ... the base of bound GMP is stacked between Val143 and Phe194 N1, N2 and O6 of the nucleotide form hydrogen bonds to main chain atoms, whereas the side chain of Lys173 interacts with both O6 and N7...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 01:20

... components of the reductive TCA cycle and catalyze the anabolic reductive carboxylation of acetyl-CoA and succinyl-CoA, respectively [17,18] Four of the five subunits correspond to those of the heterotetrameric ... reduction of ferredoxin Thus, the identification and characterization of enzymes that transfer electrons to ferredoxins in vivo is of particular importance for the improvement of this coupled assay and ... reaction and vice versa Thus, further studies on the POR reactions in both directions would lead to a deeper understanding of the overall reaction mechanism of this enzyme Materials and methods...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... we report the results of the structural studies of the pantoate-bound form of the N-terminal domain of E coli PS (nPS) The structure and substrate-binding interactions of E coli nPS have been ... Protein–ligand and water-mediated protein–ligand hydrogen bond interactions (broken lines) that stablize the pantoate molecules in site I and site II of nPS Oxygen atoms of pantoate and water ... A-chain and B-chain of nPS, and in the case of His37, the v1 torsion angle changes from 63.34° to )67.80° and )52.11° for the A-chain and B-chain of nPS, respectively The imidazole ring of His34...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 09:20

... the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare of Japan announced the guideline value of formaldehyde first and individual volatile organic compounds (VOCs).13, 14) In Japan, occupants of newly built ... conducted to confirm and extend the U.S.A case definition of MCS The results showed a significant overlap of MCS, chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and fibromyalgie, and that no standard diagnostic procedure ... consideration of public health.38) The relationship between moisture and temperature on skin and upper airway symptoms was investigated and showed that skin dryness and rashes, pharyngeal dryness, and...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... 35, and 70 after the addition of the enzyme The top spectrum is that of DHMP for comparison Only the NMR signals of the 2¢ and 3¢ protons of DHNP and DHMP are shown The chemical structures of ... NP and MP and 2248 between HP and HPO in accordance with the similar shapes and sizes between NP and MP and between HP and HPO The different Kd values are proportional to the different values of ... ligand solution The fluorescence of the ligand was measured after each addition of the protein stock solution at an emission wavelength of 430 nm and an excitation wavelength of 330 nm for HP and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... mutation of deoxyribonucleoside kinase L Egeblad-Welin et al Mutants of substrate-binding residues: Y70 and Q81 Y70W showed an increase in Km values for both dThd and dCyd, of approximately 200- and ... value for dThd and dCyd, of approximately 200- and 100-fold, respectively The kcat values were only decreased approximately twofold for both substrates Phosphorylation of nucleosides and nucleoside ... R-factor and Rfree were 23.2 and 24.2%, respectively (Table 3) Most of the protein could be found in the electron-density map, with the exception of residues 1–11 and 210–230 The loop connecting a9 and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 02:20

... sequences of VsEndA (Fig 1) The theoretical pI was 9.61 for VsEndA and 8.62 for VcEndA Expression and purification From L Escherichia coli culture, a total of 24 and 50 mg pure recombinant VsEndA and ... characterization of the enzymes, we carried out an analysis of the NaCl requirements and pH optimum of VsEndA and VcEndA The optimum NaCl concentrations for activity were found to be 425 mm for VsEndA and ... the salt optima of the enzymes are fine-tuned to match the salinity of their environment The outer membrane and cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria not restrict passage of ions, and the periplasmic...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 05:20

... change in Trp13 as a function of cAMP concentration F and F0 are the uorescence intensities of the protein in the presence and absence of the ligand, respectively The range of cAMP concentrations used ... change in Trp85 as a function of cAMP concentration F and F0 are the uorescence intensities of the protein in the presence and absence of the ligand, respectively The range of cAMP concentrations used ... the calculated average values of uorescence lifetimes ặsDổ and ặsDAổ The values for average lifetimes of Trp85 in the absence and presence of acceptor and efciency of energy transfer are presented...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 23:20

... piles of cabbage and cauli-flowers, the rows of tin ware and copper saucepans, the heaps of maccaroni and pastes, of spices and drugs; the garlands of onions and red peppers and piles of apples; ... of the spectator, than the harmony of villainies, of various combinations of black and hog-like bestiality, and fox and wolf-like cunning and ferocity with wicked human thought and self-command, ... also, by the hand of two of her greatest poets, has given us a picture And first, of Roland Of him, of Count Orlando, we are told by Messer Lodovico Ariosto, that in consequence of his having...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 21:20

... the content of the sentence compared to a human gold-standard Yet, the assessments of the two aspects were often the same—readability/fluency of the sentence is important for understanding the ... presence of uncommon difficult words are known to pose problems to readers and to render text less readable (CollinsThompson and Callan, 2004; Schwarm and Ostendorf, 2005) But these discourse- and ... phrase (where embedded phrases of the same type were counted only once) and for each phrase regardless of embedding Length of NPs/PPs contained in a VP The average number of words that constitute an...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... NMR studies [16,19,20,23] The energy of folding these various forms and the energetic cost of converting one form to another is of fundamental importance for understanding telomere biology and ... understanding telomere biology and the interactions of small molecules and proteins with telomeric DNA The folding and unfolding of quadruplexes may be of profound physiological importance because ... practical details of UV melting studies of G-quadruplexes, with an thorough discussion of common problems and pitfalls [32] The use of fluorescence to monitor the thermal denaturation of quadruplex-forming...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 09:22

... the issue of social desirability of a particular response; errors in response to sensitive questions; and errors in survey reports of earnings and income A number of existing studies of measurement ... confidentiality, and privacy, making a number of important distinctions between different types of issues and clarifying the content of several pieces of legislation—federal and state—governing access and ... These include household structure and characteristics, such as the number and ages of the household members and the quality and upkeep of housing, and the experience of the respondent, such as exposure...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 15:20

... global and local A C 5398 dynamics of the AEDANS and W94 probes in free and DNA-bound RepA The decay of the total uorescence intensity was recorded, as well as the decays of its vertically and horizontally ... of the acceptor It is independent of FRET and depends only on the acceptor concentration The extinction coefcients of W94 [25] and AEDANS [26] are assumed constant as a function of labeling and ... of free and bound unlabeled C160RepA and wild-type RepA, with the protein concentration constant The ratio of the apparent FW94 of bound and free RepA was then used to estimate the fraction of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 04:20

... Ala and Glu, Glu and Asp, and Glu and Gln is efficient in wheat germ extract but can effectively be suppressed by inhibitors of transaminases and glutamine synthase [20] Among the multitude of ... observation and dynamics of specific amide protons in T4 lysozyme Biochemistry 24, 817–822 McIntosh LP & Dahlquist FW (1990) Biosynthetic incorporation of 15N and 13C for assignment and interpretation of ... resonance assignments of the [15N]-HSQC spectrum, where it is often difficult to assess the magnitude of chemical shift changes upon ligand binding in [15N]-HSQC spectra of uniformly labelled...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... the evolutionary origin and divergence of PQRFamide and LPXRFamide peptides, we sought to identify novel RFamide peptides from the brains of sea lamprey Petromyzon marinus Lampreys are one of ... regulation of locomotor activity In mammals, in situ hybridization reveals that the nucleus of the solitary tract and dorsal horn of the spinal cord express the highest levels of the mRNA of NPFF, ... This is the first report showing the presence of RFamide peptides in the brain of any species of agnathans Results Isolation and characterization of a novel lamprey RFamide peptide We first employed...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 12:20

... binding and affinity for I-Au because of occupation of the P1 pocket Recent thermodynamic and kinetic studies of the binding of TCRs to peptide–MHC ligands suggested that the low affinity of the ... chain of Arg78 The side chain of Arg78 is less well defined, as in the case of aqueous solution, because of the absence of interactions with the side chains of Asp81 (in the agonist analogue) and ... the backbone of the peptide The origin of this structural orientation in Me2SO is also the strong electrostatic interactions of the side chain of Arg78 with the side chains of Asp81 and Glu82 [this...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 16:20