evolution divergence and regulation of aux iaa and arf gene families

... Hellgren LI, Selldén G, Sandelius AS: Effects of moderately enhanced levels of ozone on lipid composition and dynamical properties of the plasma membranes of leaves of garden pea Physiol Plant ... seeds of the transformed A thaliana were kindly provided by Prof I HaraNishimura [31] All chemicals and organic solvents were of analytical grade Lipid standards, polyethylene glycol (PEG) and ... nmol of unlabelled lysoPC (egg yolk; containing predominantly 16:0 or 18:0) The standard incubation time was 30 and the reaction was stopped by adding 980 µl of a mixture of ice cold chloroform:methanol:water...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... membrane expression of K-Ras, and a decrease in number of cells showing cytosolic distribution of K-Ras (Fig 6B) Restoring of Ca2+ and addition of A23187 to medium caused an increase of cells with ... K-RasC14 and K-Rasfull, respectively, mostly in plasma membrane (PM > Cyt); 10% and 14% of cells expressed them in both plasma membrane and a perinuclear compartment (Perinuclear) and 40% and 37% of ... association and subcellular distribution of full-length and C-terminal domain (14 amino acids) of K-Ras fused to spectral variants of green fluorescent protein Constructs expressing full-length and C-terminal...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 00:20

... (sodium salt) and 2–5 lg of membrane protein in a total volume of 240 lL Assays were run for 10 at 37 °C Under these conditions, the concentrations of MgATP and free Mg2+ were 2.5 mM and 0.5 mM, ... use of mutants and inhibitors acting on the same biosynthetic points has proved to be a useful way of distinguishing the influence of direct effects, i.e sterol alteration, and indirect effects of ... and regulation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase FEBS Lett 325, 108–111 17 Alexandre, H., Mathieu, B & Charpentier, C (1996) Alteration in membrane fluidity and lipid composition, and modulation of...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 22:20

... implications of this subfamily of receptors in cellular signalling make them attractive therapeutic targets The coupling between stimulation of the P2X receptor and the generation of intracellular ... estimated In summary, multiple lines of evidence have helped to argue in favour of the existence of lipid rafts in cell membranes and the use of detergent-resistance and other alternatives (see below) ... degradation of ATP to ADP and adenosine in the periphery of these microdomains ADP and adenosine would activate respectively P2Y and P1 receptors which are localized in lipid rafts and would engage...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 02:20

... Alteration of the asymmetric distribution of lipids between the inner and outer leaflets of the membrane and a lateral segregation of lipid components in the membrane may also cause fluctuations of the ... the chemical shifts of the signals of Ala116 and Ala118 are not affected by addition of PS, indicating that conformations of Ala116 and Ala118 within the C-terminal a3-helix of the PH domain are ... accumulation of cations on the membrane surface and consequently prevents the formation of structure III Because electrostatic properties and affinities for ligands vary among PH domains of PLC isoforms,...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

... get the energy of specific band since it can give good performance and it is widely used to analyze EEG data Compared with energy of different frequency bands, the frequency band of 4–12 Hz shows ... period The feature of a “peak” can be described by the mean value (with threshold of ±10% of the previous mean value), the variance before it (with threshold of ±5% of the mean of previous variance), ... the phenomenon of degeneracy and the other is the choice of importance function q(x) In general, all but a few particles will have negligible weights after several iterations and a large computational...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 20:20

... quantification of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein-dye binding Anal Biochem 72, 248-254 (1984) H+ translocating ATPases of the plasma membrane and tonoplast of plant ... and H (Figs -pumping + and 2) Thus the H+-pumping observed is driven by ATP hydrolysis The difference between hydrolysis and pumping K is m not clear, the heterogeneity in the accessibility of ... (Tables I and II) Based on these properties, the low density membrane ATPase may be of tonoplast origin and the other of plasma membrane origin The + PPase activity (stimulated by K and inhib-...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... of graft-vs-host-disease, and MM in partial remission by serum M component and bone marrow biopsy Monitoring of disease response during the Page of treatment was based on the quantification of ... day of induction chemotherapy, and day is the day of allogeneic stem cell transplantation Talamo et al Journal of Hematology & Oncology 2010, 3:32 http://www.jhoonline.org/content/3/1/32 of the ... t(11;14)(q13;q32) at FISH, and no other chromosomal aberrations Of note, the t(11;14) translocation is considered a hallmark of IgE, IgM, and nonsecretory MM, all rare subtypes of MM [15] Interestingly,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 22:21

... out and candidate DE genes with >2-fold change and B-statistic > were identified for each comparison The number of DE genes identified in each comparison is listed in Table and the list of DE genes ... the peak of the plot is the enrichment score (ES) for this gene set and those genes appear before or at the peak are defined as core enrichment genes for this gene set B Heat map of the genes within ... levels of the selected DE genes from each paired comparison for both CD4+ and CD8+ Table Number of differentially expressed genes in pairwise comparisons for CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (fold change > and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... stress, and their binding to the H+-ATPase is suggested by the parallel increase of the number of FC-binding sites [18–20] As to auxin, a soluble auxin receptor has been reported to bind and activate ... of the enzyme C-terminus, but further enhances the activity of the enzyme whose C-terminus has been displaced by low pH or by FC-induced binding of 14-3-3s Results The C-terminus of isoform of ... H+-ATPase and PPI1 Fig Stimulation of A thaliana PM H+-ATPase activity as a function of the concentration of His6PPI188 and PPI1588His6 PM treatment with the specified concentrations of His6PPI188...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 07:20

... stoichiometry of 0.9, and molar lipid/protein ratio of 1200 The intra- and interday degree of variation in relative P450, reductase, and lipid content did not exceed 10% in any of the vesicular ... Effect of charged lipids on epoxidation rates We evaluated the kinetics of CYP1A1-dependent epoxidation of 7,8-diol in vesicles prepared from neutral Ole2PtdCho and mixtures of Ole2PtdCho and anionic ... phospholipids on the conversion of (+)- and (–)-7,8-diol to DE1 and DE2 Table summarizes the results of kinetic analysis Typical Lineweaver–Burk plots of the kinetic rates of (–)-7,8-diol epoxidation...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 10:20

... match with that of PCaP1 (Fig 1A) Quantification of PCaP1 in the membrane and soluble fractions To determine the amount of PCaP1 in tissues and the distribution of PCaP1 in the membrane and soluble ... component and accounts for 0.079% and 0.029% of the total membrane protein from shoots and roots, respectively, of A thaliana seedlings (Fig 2) The aim of this study was to clarify the mechanism of ... prepared from taproots of R sativus and B rapa, petioles of B rapa var glabra Regel and shoots of B oleracea var italica by the same methods, and used for immunoblotting Preparation of recombinant PCaP1...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... isolated and sequenced, thereby identifying a novel human transmembrane mucin gene named MUC15 by appointment of the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee Presence of O-glycosylation and sites of N-glycosylation ... Switzerland), thermolysin, chymotrypsin or elastase (Sigma, St Louis, MO, USA)] and Cloning of the bovine MUC15 cDNA by PCR with degenerate primers Isolation of total RNA from the mammary gland of ... first-strand cDNA and lM each of the forward and reverse degenerate primers After a 15-min, 95 °C activation step of the HotStarTaq DNA polymerase, amplification was performed as follows: five cycles of...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 04:21

... ST, Mandava U, Evans-Strickfaden T, Lennox JL, Ellerbrock TV, Hart CE: Diversity, divergence, and evolution of cell-free human immunodeficiency virus type in vaginal secretions and blood of chronically ... collection of clinical samples NL processed clinical samples and conducted PCR and viral load analyses AA participated in the coordination of the study, directed sample and data analysis, and assisted ... [9,13], the low levels of HIV detected in many of the samples only allowed the analysis of the predominant genotypes in genital secretions Despite this, and the inherent limitations of PCR amplification...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... important property of especially the phospholipids is their charge, with PC and PE being uncharged and PA, PI, PS and PG being negatively charged The charges of the lipid head groups and the membrane ... to Sommarin and Sandelius [82] and fractionated into neutral lipids, glycolipids and phospholipids by solid phase extraction (SPE) as described [83] For quantification of sterols and phospholipids, ... contributions SW, AR and MA conceived the study and planned the majority of the experiments MA conducted all the experiments HT and ASS took part in the lipid analyses and the interpretation of the results...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... Figure Phylogenetic analysis of ZmPti1 kinases Phylogenetic analysis of ZmPti1 kinases Similarity and phylogenetic relationship of Pti1 proteins from maize, rice, tobacco, soybean and tomato were ... synthase gene (nos) in the pUbi.cas plasmid [55] An EcoRI PCR product (c2i) of the c2 gene [56] which contained 16 bp of the 3' border of exon 1, the entire intron 1, and 39 bp of the 5' border of ... recognition, compatibility reactions, and pollen tube growth In studies of the genetic and molecular basis of pollen development and function more than 150 pollen-expressed genes from more than 28 species...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... phenomenes de la vie communs aux animaux et aux vegetaux :1878 Benfield T, Jensen JS, Nordestgaard BG: Influence of diabetes and hyperglycaemia on infectious disease hospitalisation and outcome Diabetologia ... root of hospital acquired hyperglycaemia and in the long term lead to development of diabetes Although the incidence of hospital acquired hyperglycaemia differed between the three subgroups of ... the cut-off value in the Recommendations of the American Heart Association [35] and the trigger for initiation of insulin treatment for ICU patients recommended by the American College of Endocrinology...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 10:02

... minutes Fig Effect of backflush pressure on the flux, MLSS of 8700 mg/l, TMP of 0.4 bar, CFV of 0.88 m/s, backflushing pressure of 1.5 bar and backflushing interval of s Fig Effect of backflush interval ... capability of a coupling of activated sludge and microfiltration processes with backflushing technique to reduce the organic carbon and color in textile wastewater - 126 - Journal of Water and Environment ... MINUTES Fig Effect of TMP on the membrane flux, MLSS of 9300 mg/L, CVF (v) of 0.79 m/s, without backflush Fig Effect of CFV (v) on the membrane flux, MLSS of 9300 mg/L, TMP of 0.4 bar, without...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08

... [19], and NMR spectroscopic data of p25a homologs from mice, Caenorhabditis elegans and humans [20–22] demonTable Determination of Vmax and Km for DAT, NET and SERT in the presence and absence of ... modulation of microtubule dynamics [13] However, p25a is abnormally expressed in neurons in a range of neurodegenerative diseases, where it is found in the cytoplasm and nucleus and is often associated ... vector, DAT ⁄ P25a and DAT ⁄ a-syn to obtain equal concentrations of vector DNA were incubated in the absence and presence of 0.5 mM DA for 24 h and subjected to analysis of viability by the...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 21:20