... organs, such as the lungs [9].There is evidence to suggest that the activation of T cells inSSc is antigen-driven [10]. Analysis ofthe T-cell receptor rep-ertoire in skin biopsies of patients ... concurrent analysis of the phenotype and proliferative responseof antigen-specificT cells was used to study theimmuneresponseto a specificantigen [17]. We employed a similar method to demonstratethat, ... levels of Th1 cytokines[29]. CD28neg expression may reflect autoreactive properties of these cells, as has been demonstrated in other autoimmunediseases [30,31]. However, we cannot exclude the...
... amelioration of the arthritis. Of the many mediators of inflammation, mactinin is the firstexample of a fragment of a cytoskeletal component thatmight be released during leukocyte influx into inflammatorytissue. ... various mediators, suchas cytokines and chemokines, regulate the recruitment of monocytes. Once in the tissue, monocytes undergo the poorly understood process of transformation to macrophages ... collected and tested for the presence of the fragment by Western blot analysis. The use of thesefluid samples in this study was approved by the subcom-mittee on human studies ofthe Minneapolis VAMC....
... Influence factors for fish immune responses Factors affecting fish immune responses include factors related to fish ontogenesis. Among environmental factors, temperature has been shown to greatly ... the ulcerative disease in grouper. Study on the effect of oral administration β-glucan on the native immuneresponseof orange-spotted grouper. Study on the specific immuneresponseof ... following the procedure of Yeh et al. (2008); Observation of phagocytic activity was based on the ability to ingest the fluorescent beads of HKL according to Yeh et al. (2008); The respiratory burst...
... deviation of the cytokine response, caused either by decreased Th1-typecytokines and/or by enhanced Th2-type cytokines leading to the regression of an autoimmune disease, is reminiscent of other ... the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10over the pro-inflammatory cytokine IFN-γ, resulting in the over-all skewing (immune deviation) ofthe cytokine responseto ananti-inflammatory type [26]. ... models of RA have contributed significantly both to ourunderstanding ofthe pathogenesis of autoimmune arthritis aswell as tothe testing of new therapeutic agents of natural orsynthetic origin...
... into the one body “joined and held together” as we “attain tothe unity ofthe faith and of the knowledge ofthe Son of God” (Eph. 4:13, 16). “Grace and peace” 7He addresses the danger of ... same story can be told ofthe ever-changing interpretation ofthe quest for the historical Jesus. For example, see the surveys in Ben Witherington III, The Jesus Quest: The Third Search for the ... is not least to draw together the iden-tity ofthe whole of God’s people so that what is true of him is true of them and vice versa. Here we arrive at one ofthe great truths ofthe gospel,...
... However, the second highest CD4-cell count uptake is reported in the Northern Cape, at 88.7%. Other PMTCT cascade indicators ofthe province have above 90% coverage, similar to other provinces. The ... provincial level. The realisation weights pertain tothe per protocol sample size. A survey analysis was done which took into account the stratification, the different sampling stages and the finite ... The term is used because the immediate source ofthe infection is the mother, and does not imply blame on the mother. MTCT rate Defined for this survey as a numerator of HIV-positive infants...
... In recent years the concept of ‘inhibitoryreceptors’ that function to moderate immune responses hasgrown in prominence [27,28]. Targeting these types of receptors on inflammatory cells in diseases ... againstNaCl/Pi. To construct the GST fusion ofthe siglec-10 cytoplasmicdomain (GST–siglec-10cyto-wt) the cytoplasmic domain(KRRTQTE…VFQ) of siglec-10 was amplified from aphytohaemagglutinin-activated ... focus more effort to determine if siglec-10binding can be further enhanced with activation ofthe cellsprior to testing. The amino-acid sequences ofthe cytoplasmic tails of several siglec...
... of internalization of AF488-MCP-1 by the receptor antago-nist a direct comparison ofthe effect of overnight storageon the IC50 of the CCR2 inhibitor was examined. Briefly,receptor antagonist ... important to demonstrate the abil-ity ofthe CCR2 antagonist to inhibit the saturating con-centration ofthe AF488-MCP-1 used in the assay. To accomplish this CCR2 antagonist was titrated into the assay ... antagonist. The sensitivity ofthe assay, or the ability ofthe assay to demonstrate inhibition of ligand internalization at lowconcentrations of CCR2 inhibitor, was determined byserially diluting the...
... fibroblasts to expressand further produce the mRNAs and proteins of cytokinesIL-6 and GM-CSF, the secretion of which is detectedwithin 2 to 5 hours after the injury. Of note, the highestlevels of ... recruitment of macrophages, phagocytosis of degenerated myelin, and production of cytokines andchemokines). Special attention is given tothe orchestra-tion of these events with respect to their ... Waller A: Experiments on the section ofthe glossopharyngeal andhypoglossal nerves ofthe frog, observations ofthe alterations producedthereby in the structure of their primitive fibers. Phil...