etiopathogenic bases and therapeutic implications

... by FLT3-ITD and is important for FLT3-ITD-mediated cell growth and anti-apoptotic effects [48] Taken together, FLT3-ITD constitutively induces STAT5 and Pim serine threonine kinases, and their ... production leads to increased DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) and repair errors They found that FLT3-ITD-transfected cell lines and FLT3-ITD-positive AML cell lines and primary cells exhibit increased ... effects of ATO and MEK inhibition, as well as ATO and FLT3 inhibition, on FLT3-ITD cells [101] The combination of ATO and AG1296, an FLT3 inhibitor, profoundly inhibited the growth and induced apoptosis...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 21:23

... relationship between rhinitis and asthma and its therapeutic implications [27], highlighting the concept of ‘one airway one disease’ The link between upper respiratory disease and asthma is also evident ... e Allergiche) and the Italian Ministry of University and Scientific and Technological Research 19 Durham SR: Effect of intranasal corticosteroid treatment on asthma in children and adults Allergy ... nose and bronchi has recently been hypothesized, based on the observation that bone marrow can promptly and specifically respond to nasal challenge by increasing the rates of production and maturation...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... in lung and breast cancers and malignant phenotype suppression J Natl Cancer Inst 2001, 93:691-699 Antequera F and Bird A: Number of CpG islands and genes in human and mouse Proc Natl Acad Sci ... point mutation to invasion and address its therapeutic implications Early events in oncogenesis Mutations In the last 20 years somatic mutations have been identified and associated with the development ... 5q21 and mutations of p53 associated with LOH on 17p and K-ras point mutations [9] Interestingly, loss of chromosomal regions on chromosomes 3p and 9p have been recognized as early events [10] and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:21

... iduronacid and N-acethylgalactosa‐ mine polymer and protein core), heparansulphate (glycuronacid and N-sulphoglucosa‐ mine polymer and protein core) and keratansulphate (galactose and Nacethylgalactosamine ... radiation and standard cytotoxic chemotherapies The existence of blood-brain and blood-tumor barriers impede drug delivery to the tumor and adjacent brain infiltrated with tumor In addition the low therapeutic ... Hong, Ahmed M Aref and Martin R Jadus VI Contents Section Molecular Biology of Brain Tumors and Associated Therapeutic Implications 201 Chapter From Gliomagenesis to Multimodal Therapeutic Approaches...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 10:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:24

... More importantly, unlike love and people and even more so than looks and hugs, eyes and arms are concrete, visible and touchable, and therefore seem closer to buyable and sellable items Although ... hire some more hands” or “She’s got new wheels,” which not literally refer to a hand or a set of wheels Instead, they stand for the whole person or object – hand for the whole person and wheels for ... instance, Sherwood Anderson may have well omitted the “ands” in italics in the following sentences in the short story “The Corn Planting.” “He made drawings of fish and pigs and cows and they looked...

Ngày tải lên: 07/11/2012, 14:24

... of public and publicly guaranteed external debt to gross domestic product and to exports, and debt service on the same debt to exports to judge debt sustainability Country policies and institutional ... countries based on the performance of their institutions and policies and determine thresholds for selected debt indicators for each country grouping and then estimate the level of debt distress as measured ... Allocation System that uses the Country Policy and Institutional Assessment and governance rating of the country concerned The increase in grants has implications for the future of IDA funding which...

Ngày tải lên: 28/10/2013, 08:15

... only understand the process of randomization, but also the risks and beneWts of treatment and non-treatment, and the treatments currently available The ACTG 076 regimen is expensive and relatively ... Obstetrics and Gynaecology 180: 259–64 Grubb, A and Pearl, D.S (1990) HIV Testing and the Law Blood Testing, AIDS and DNA ProWling Law and Policy Family Law Series Bristol: Jordan and Sons Ltd ... competent, informed and voluntary The information required is such that the patient understands in broad terms the nature and purpose of the procedure, and the principal risks, beneWts and alternatives...

Ngày tải lên: 01/11/2013, 08:20

... balance and payments and budgets, the mix of loans and grants in its future financing arrangements, and the build-up of its repayment capacity relative to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and export and ... Countries: Proposal for an Operational Framework and Policy Implications by Mark Allen and Gobind Nankani, IMF and IDA, February 3, 2004 Debt Sustainability and Financing Terms in IDA 14, IDA, June 2004 ... discussed above and in Annex These were the PV of public and publicly guaranteed external debt to GDP, exports, and government revenue, and debt service on the same debt to exports, and government...

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2013, 23:15

... policies and institutional capability and vulnerability to shocks are other factors identified as being important for assessing a country’s debt sustainability In particular, country policies and ... chosen indicators of countries with poor, medium and strong institutional capabilities and quality of policies with the cut offs at the 25th, 50th and 75th percentiles of the CPIA index ranked in ... the external debt outstanding; (b) an application to the Paris Club for debt restructuring of official debt when a breakdown in the payments system is judged to be imminent; and (c) the country...

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2013, 23:15

... resources, safety nets; and poverty monitoring and analysis; and • Public sector management and institutions, including property rights and rule-based governance; quality of budgetary and financial management; ... policy and foreign exchange regime; financial stability and depth; banking sector efficiency and resource mobilization; competitive environment for the private sector; factor and product markets; and ... criteria used and the CPIA for 2003 • Economic management, including management of inflation and the current account; fiscal policy; management of external debt; and management and sustainability...

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2013, 23:15

... charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied (to replace foregone principal reflows) it would reduce the need to harden the credit terms for both IDA only and ... allocations thereby weakening the desired relationship between institutional capability and policy performance and the allocation of funds In view of this, IDA management has proposed an upfront ... credits, and imposing upfront charges on grant recipients Additional grant financing by donors is made up of two parts The first is the upfront payment by donors of the foregone service and commitment...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 22:15

... charges and commitment fees) materialize and upfront charges for grants are levied (to replace foregone principal reflows) it would reduce the need to harden the credit terms for both IDA only and ... allocations thereby weakening the desired relationship between institutional capability and policy performance and the allocation of funds In view of this, IDA management has proposed an upfront ... credits, and imposing upfront charges on grant recipients Additional grant financing by donors is made up of two parts The first is the upfront payment by donors of the foregone service and commitment...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 22:15

... experience and little applied knowledge (e.g., institutional development, gender equality, and labor-intensive growth) The United Nations has a stronger mandate to work in the political arena and assess ... stock and flow problems in formulating an appropriate borrowing strategy A high current debt service ratio combined with a low level of debt stock needs to be handled as a liquidity problem and ... lending and grants Given the importance of DSAs for each low income country in the application of the DSF and borrowing from the IMF, it is necessary that these be conducted in a collaborative and...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 22:15

... ratings and the inputs expected from and the involvement of national staff in the process There should be opportunities for the Bank to present their findings both to the country concerned and donor ... DSAs and consequently of government revenue in determining debt indicators and their threshold values Similarly, it is also recommended that studies be conducted on determining indicators and ... following conclusions and recommendations seek to enhance the prospects that, if approved, the DSF would provide a solid basis for the international community, in general, and IDA, in particular,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 22:15

... single year from its earnings from goods and non-factor services c) Public debt outstanding to GDP or GNI ratio compares the total of domestic and external outstanding to the size of the economy Present ... proportion of exports of goods and non- factor services that are absorbed for debt service payments on both long and short-term debt Debt Burden Ratios a) The total debt outstanding to GDP or GNI ratio ... GNI ratio compares the amount of disbursed debt outstanding to the size of the economy b) The total debt outstanding to exports of goods and non-factor services ratio measures the ability of...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 22:15

... equal access to entry and exit in all products and sectors • Factor and product markets This item addresses the policies that affect the efficiency of markets for land, labor and goods Countries ... entry and banks’ total capital to assets ratio less than 8% Countries with high scores have diversified and competitive financial sectors that include insurance, equity and debt finance and non-bank ... which economic and environmental policies foster the protection and sustainable use of natural resources (soil, water, forests, etc.), the control of pollution, and the capture and investment...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 22:15

... where: MD is the total demand for money, M1 is the sum of transaction and precautionary demands and M2 is speculative demand In this schedule, transaction and precautionary demand depend only on the ... Money demand MD Total demand for money M1 Sum of transaction and precautionary demands (narrow money) M2 Speculative demand (broad money) tc Transaction costs r Interest rate M/P = rm Demand for ... demonstrated by Granger and Newbold (1974) and Plosser and Schwert (1978), Hafer and Hein (1980) and Gordon (1984b) showed that it is preferable to estimate a money demand function such as (1.14)...

Ngày tải lên: 18/01/2014, 02:01

... power-base (economic, military, politic) As he puts it “language exits only in the brains and mouths and ears and hands and eyes of its users When they succeed, on the international stage, their language ... status” and super power in economic to maintain and expand, English now strongly confirms its undeniable dominance as a “global language” in both academic communication and every day fields The implications ... independent and open thinking, therefore, are built up and developed Thanks to their broaden knowledge, students will then evaluate their ways of thinking and change or develop it in a suitable and better...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 20:20

... Zapol and K J Falke 25 Gas Mixing and Distribution in the Lung, edited by L A Engel and M Paiva 26 High-Frequency Ventilation in Intensive Care and During Surgery, edited by G Carlon and W S Howland ... 76 Sports and Exercise Medicine, edited by S C Wood and R C Roach 77 Endotoxin and the Lungs, edited by K L Brigham 78 The Mesothelial Cell and Mesothelioma, edited by M.-C Jaurand and J Bignon ... Revised and Expanded, edited by L B Reichman and E S Hershfield 145 Combination Therapy for Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, edited by R J Martin and M Kraft 146 Sleep Apnea: Implications...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 17:20