ethylene and abiotic stress tolerance in plants

... receiver domain and a long C-terminal part containing a single-repeat MYB-type DNAbinding domain (Sakai et al 1998) called a GARP domain (Riechmann et al 2000) and the proline- and glutamine-rich ... harpin-induced 1) was increased in tobacco leaves On the other hand, spermine induces mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of SA-induced protein kinase (SIPK) and wound-induced protein kinase ... determined as positive regulators in ABA signaling Gene encoding ABA-induced protein kinase (PKABA1), which is a serine– threonine type protein kinase, was isolated from wheat (Anderberg and WalkerSimmons...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 12:20

... in Plants carboxyterminal calmodulin-like domain containing EF-hand calcium-binding sites plus a N-terminal protein kinase domain (Cheng et al., 2002) Thus, the signaling pathways activated in ... roles in abiotic and biotic stress signaling SA, JA and ET have central roles in biotic stress signaling ABA is involved in the response to abiotic stress as low temperature drought and osmotic stress ... divided into sections on signaling in abiotic stress, nucleic acids, proteins and enzymes, genes and genomes and adaptation and tolerance It focuses on in depth molecular mechanism of abiotic stress...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 08:20

... osmolytes in plants subject to salt stress are GB, b-alaninebetaine, prolinebetaine, choline-O-sulphate, hydroxyprolinebetaine, and pipecolatebetaine (Ashraf and Abiotic Stress Responses in Plants: ... as alanine, arginine, glycine, serine, leucine, and valine, the nonprotein amino acids citrulline and ornithine (Orn)), together with the imino acid Pro, and the amides such as glutamine and asparagine ... osmoprotectants, and antioxidants during abiotic stress Chapter deals with the role of halophytes in understanding and managing abiotic stress Chapter addresses the effect and defense mechanisms in plants...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 10:20

... between auxin and other plant hormones [21–24] Our study also shows that genes involved in cytokinin (e.g cytokinin-Oglucosyltransferase, cytokinin dehydrogenase, and response regulators), ethylene ... carried out in other plants The recent advances in genomics provide opportunities to investigate these pathways in crop plants To gain insights into the molecular mechanism of auxin action in rice, ... Transcript profiling of auxin-responsive genes M Jain and J P Khurana responses, which indicates crosstalk between stress and auxin signaling In the recent past, the identification of F-box proteins (TIR1...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 01:20

... linker domain connecting the first nucleotide-binding domain and the second transmembrane domain is seen in all SbPGPs A second nucleotide-binding domain in the C-terminus of SbPGP10 proteins is absent ... maintain phyllotactic patterning, and buffer the PIN-mediated patterning mechanism against environmental or developmental in uences [27] The auxin in ux carrier gene LAX3 is induced by auxin, and increased ... organization in Arabidopsis thaliana [30] In addition, AUX1 and LAX3 are involved in auxin ethylene interactions during apical hook development in Arabidopsis seedlings [31] P-Glycoprotein (PGP) proteins...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 09:20

... protein involved in inducing double-strand breaks to initiate meiotic recombination in eukaryotes [8,9] Their existence has also been shown in plants [10–14] In contrast with other eukaryotes, plants ... transcript levels of OsTOP6A2, OsTOP6A3, and OsTOP6B increased in response to auxin and cytokinin, indicating their role in cell proliferation and hormone signaling The interaction of OsTOP6A3 with OsTOP6B ... has gained the intron present in the 3¢-UTRs of AtSPO11-1 (intron 15) and AtSPO11-2 (intron 11), and rice has lost intron and intron from the OsTOP6A2 and OsTOP6A3 genes, respectively, during the...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

... the three WRKY proteins in plant ABA and stress responses are mediated by their activities in activating or repressing plant genes involved in ABA and stress signaling ABA-induced expression of ... osmotic and salt stress conditions (Figure 3; Additional file 2) Induced expression by ABA and abiotic stress WRKY18, WRKY40 and WRKY60 are induced in Arabidopsis plants upon infection by pathogen infection ... modulating ABA signaling and influencing ABA-regulated plant growth and abiotic stress responses (Figure 10) The roles of WRKY18, WRKY40 and WRKY60 in ABA signaling are consistent with the ABA-inducible...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21

... protein Wall-associated kinase (WAK1) Hin1 – role in hypersensitive response Mitochondrial protein of unknown function Zinc finger (C3HC4-type RING) family Calmodulin binding protein SigA-binding ... uptake and binding sites thus maintaining the correct Na+/K+ ratio in plants is of the utmost importance [39] Decreases in K+ might cause the plant to take up more Na+ in order to maintain adequate ... a number of Ca2+ sensing/binding proteins including, the above mentioned CNGC20, calreticulin (At1g08450; r = 0.60), two calmodulin-binding proteins (At1g73800; r = 0.63 and At1g73805; r = 0.588)...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... domain inserted between motifs I and IV in the MTase domain (Figs and S2A) OsCMT2 differs from the other two proteins in encoding an additional stretch of 193 amino acids ahead of the BAH domain in ... formation of in orescence and floral meristems and the initiation of floral organs (P1-I and P1-II in rice and F1 and F2 in Arabidopsis) AtCMT3 is known to regulate DNA methylation by interacting with ... cold and salt stress and the downregulation of OsCMT3 expression under salt and drought stress is interesting and provides the foundation for further in depth analysis to study the possible involvement...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:20

... acid derivatives (proline, glycine betaine, β-alanine betaine, proline betaine), tertiary amines 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-mehyl-4-carboxyl pyrimidine), and sulfonium compounds (choline osulfate, dimethyl ... autoinhibition A 21 amino acid motif in the regulatory domain of SOS2 is the site where SOS3 interacts with the kinase and is the autoinhibitory domain of the kinase (Guo et al., 2001) Binding of SOS3 ... 2000) The in planta function of SOS3 as a salt tolerance 2+ determinant is dependent on Ca binding and Nmyristoylation (Ishitani et al., 2000) The SOS2 serine/threonine kinase (446 amino acids)...

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 23:21

... acid derivatives (proline, glycine betaine, β-alanine betaine, proline betaine), tertiary amines 1,4,5,6-tetrahydro-2-mehyl-4-carboxyl pyrimidine), and sulfonium compounds (choline osulfate, dimethyl ... autoinhibition A 21 amino acid motif in the regulatory domain of SOS2 is the site where SOS3 interacts with the kinase and is the autoinhibitory domain of the kinase (Guo et al., 2001) Binding of SOS3 ... 2000) The in planta function of SOS3 as a salt tolerance 2+ determinant is dependent on Ca binding and Nmyristoylation (Ishitani et al., 2000) The SOS2 serine/threonine kinase (446 amino acids)...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 02:20

... at 250 V and 25 mA at 4°C for h The gel slices were stained for the ADH gene-enzyme system by standard staining procedures (Harris and Hopkinson, 1976) The adult ethanol and acetic-acid tolerance ... of D melanogaster populations in and around a wine cellar in southern Spain Genet Sel Evol 20, 307-314 Atkinson W, Shorrocks B (1977) Breeding site specificity in the domestic species of Drosophila ... polymorphism in cosmopolitan Drosoplaila species between populations collected in distilleries and in their surroundings in Hungary Genet Sel Evol 21, 147-157 Slatkin M (1987) Gene flow and the geographic...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... latitudinal clines across different continental populations provides strong evidence of natural selection maintaining such clinal allozymic variation (David, 1982; Oakeshott et al 1982; Anderson ... slices were stained for ADH (Harris and Hopkinson, 1976) The genetic control of ADH banding patterns was interpreted from the segregation patterns of enzyme electromorphs of l parents, F and F progeny ... ST locus in Indian populations Contingency chi-squared analysis revealed significant interpopulation genotypic heterogeneity (75.8) and allelic heterogeneity (738.4) at the Adh locus in Indian...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:21

... in plants, but one short hairpin intron in rice (MIR1429) generates specific miRNA/miRNA* reads indicative of mirtron processing [58] In addition to other types of Drosha-independent miRNAs in ... (siRNAs) As regulatory relationships are refined, the precision and phasing of hairpin processing may increase Shortening of the hairpin to produce a single defined duplex may represent a mature state ... 1b), which are pre-miRNA hairpins whose ends are defined by splicing instead of Drosha cleavage [55-57] Following their debranching into a linear form, they are diced into conventional miRNAs Mirtron...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:24

... family protein Thioredoxin family protein Thioredoxin family protein Thioredoxin family protein Thioredoxin family protein Thioredoxin H-type (TRX-H-3) (GIF1) Thioredoxin family protein No classification ... G, Couee I, El Amrani A: Sugar-induced tolerance to atrazine in Arabidopsis seedlings: interacting effects of atrazine and soluble sugars on psbA mRNA and D1 protein levels Plant Sci 2004, 167(4):913-923 ... (GPX) and catalase (CAT) [21-23], are involved in maintaining the redox balance of cells For example, transgenic plants with enhanced SOD activity exhibit increased tolerance to oxidative stress...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... (X2 = 20.09, df = 1, p = 0.000) Gainfully employed prior to the RTAs was defined by the individual concerned having a source of income and independent; either being self employed, employed by the ... occupation and the time since the road traffic accidents occurred among the study subjects Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (M.I.N.I)[10] This is a short structured interviewer administered ... practices in various orthopedic hospitals and trauma units of other hospitals in Nigeria This study therefore assessed the prevalence of PTSD among injured victims of RTAs in an orthopedic setting in...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 23:20

... Knowledge in Physiological and Genetic Mechanisms Underpinning Tolerances to Alkaline and Saline Subsoil Constraints of Broad Acre Cropping in Dryland Regions 193 Muhammad Javid, Marc Nicolas and Rebecca ... numerous abiotic stresses during production, handling, storage and distribution (Hodges, 2003) Some of these stresses can be minor in nature, resulting in no quality loss or, in some cases, in quality ... to begin managing the sensitivity of fruits and vegetables to stresses they encounter in the handling and distribution chain Major preharvest stresses which influence postharvest abiotic stress...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 08:20

... etiolated seedlings were grown in air and in ethylene at different concentrations ranging from to 1000 μL L-1 The inhibitor aminoethylvinyl-glycine (AVG) was included in growth media to inhibit ethylene ... suppresses ethylene responses in the air (absence of ethylene) Ethylene binding by the receptors results in a conformational change in CTR1, reducing its kinase activity and relieving repression ... concentration of μM as indicated to inhibit ethylene biosynthesis by seedlings Plates were placed in sealed containers with to 1000 μL/L ethylene To examine seedlings growing in the absence of ethylene, hydrocarbon-free...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... recycled to arginine by successive actions of argininosuccinate synthetase (AS; EC 6.3.4.5) and argininosuccinate lyase (AL; EC 4.3.2.1) via the citrulline-NO cycle (18) Arginine in brain is also utilized ... AL and arginase in the study AS and AL activities increased in all the three brain regions significantly in anoxia suggesting an increased utilization of citrulline for the production of arginine ... uptake from the circulating arginine and (b) recycling of citrulline to argi- 152 nine by the actions of AS and AL L-arginine is transported into synaptosomes (46), neurons (47) and astroglia (48)...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2012, 09:07

... mutant and OE line seedlings on normal Murashige and Skoog (MS) plates and in a medium containing 100 lM K+ (LK) The steady-state flux profile of K+ was examined by continuous flux recording (5–10 min) ... CBL1 ⁄ and CIPK23 in Arabidopsis plants under low-K+ stress 2300 For plants, K+ efflux and in ux systems are very important for cellular ion relationships in natural conditions Increasing in ux, ... of abiotic stress responses, and in the ABA signaling and stress- induced ABA biosynthetic pathways, respectively, in Arabidopsis [42–44] Further studies revealed that CBL1 and CBL9 functioned in...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 18:20