escaping the debt trap balancing austerity and growth
bajo & roelants - capital and the debt trap; learning from cooperatives in the global crisis (2011)
Ngày tải lên :
03/11/2014, 18:33
... Introduction Hypotheses concerning the causes of the crisis The individualistic hypothesis The monetary hypothesis Problematic business models The systemic reproduction hypothesis The three traps The consumption ... not part of the EU.139 This led to a dispute among countries, after Iceland’s president rejected the deal to repay the debt to the UK and the Netherlands The Dutch threatened an EU and IMF boycott ... where they agreed to a separate fund entity.137 Then Germany followed suit with the creation of two ‘bad’ banks, one for private banks and the other for the regional 32 Capital and the Debt Trap...
- 289
- 343
- 0
Local Consultations on the Draft Comprehensive Poverty Reduction and Growth Strategy in Vietnam
Ngày tải lên :
25/04/2016, 08:13
... Reduction and Growth Facility (PRGF) and Poverty Reduction Support Credit (PRSC) are lending instruments of the IMF (PRGF) and the World Bank (PRSC) Approval of these loans by the Boards of the IMF and ... Union, the Farmer’s Union or the Fatherland Front), from the District and Commune People’s Committees, Village Heads and, in some sites, from the People’s Councils or the local branch of the Communist ... assume an understanding of the multitude of sectoral and inter-sectoral concerns, interests and policies and how these fit together in the overall strategy, and prior awareness of the particular...
- 63
- 237
- 0
The Economics of Small Business Finance: The Roles of Private Equity and Debt Markets in the Financial Growth Cycle potx
Ngày tải lên :
15/03/2014, 21:20
... of the other insider owners and insider debt As noted above, much of the seed money often comes in the form of equity and debt from family and friends, and some of this may be repurchased by the ... grow, they finance on the equity side (venture capital) and on the debt side (banks, finance if the firms remain in existence and continue to grow, they may gain access to public equity and debt ... businesses and academics in the nature and behavior of the financial At the core of this issue are questions about the type of financing need and receive at various stages of their growth, the nature...
- 69
- 1.3K
- 1
Financial liberalisation and the relationship between finance and growth
Ngày tải lên :
24/10/2012, 08:50
... and liberalization, on the one hand, and growth and growth volatility, on the other, were tradeoffs in democracies We explore briefly both lines of inquiry as a guide to further research 13 The ... grow quickly and others not That is, the variation in the dependent variables comes from both the time series and the cross-sections, and some pooling of data is necessary to address the questions ... Italy, Jamaica, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland, Trinidad, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand The Polity 98 scores for France dropped from 10 to in 1958 as the Algerian...
- 44
- 597
- 0
Tài liệu Fertility, Family Planning, and Women’s Health: New Data From the 1995 National Survey of Family Growth pptx
Ngày tải lên :
12/02/2014, 23:20
... was in the intervieweradministered portion of the survey and the second was in the self-administered portion (Audio CASI) In the interviewer-administered series, they were asked whether their ... reported in the NSFG and live births registered on birth certificates in the years 1991–94 In each individual calendar year and for the sum of the years 1991–94, the NSFG estimate of the number ... 1988 and 47 percent in 1982 (23) The difference between 1990 and 1995 approaches statistical significance and is consistent with the downward trend in the teen birth rate between 1990 and 1995 The...
- 125
- 760
- 0
Tài liệu Fertility, Family Planning, and Reproductive Health of U.S. Women: Data From the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth doc
Ngày tải lên :
13/02/2014, 10:20
... respondent to hear the questions and response choices over headphones or read them on the screen and enter a response into the computer without the interviewer knowing what the response was The main purpose ... toward the intendedness of pregnancies based on their own reports (13) + Of all births in the years before interview, 55 percent were intended by both the mother and the father (as reported by the ... Health + The CDC’s Office of Women’s Health + + The Office of Planning, Research, and Evaluation of the Administration for Children and Families (ACF) + The Children’s Bureau of the ACF + The Office...
- 174
- 933
- 0
Tài liệu The Effect of Social Trust and Economic Growth pdf
Ngày tải lên :
20/02/2014, 16:20
... presidencies Furthermore, Bjørnskov points out that high trust countries like for example the Scandinavian countries and the Netherlands have a rather peaceful political history and that their royal ... endowment The following table reports the results from the EBA It reports the upper bound, namely the highest coefficient obtained in the analysis, and the lower bound, namely the lowest coefficient the ... state and if otherwise) and pronoun drop (takes on the value if the personal pronoun in a language can be dropped and otherwise) The reasoning for choosing these variables can be found in the data...
- 63
- 562
- 0
Tài liệu Higher economic growth through macroeconomic policy coordination? The combination of wage policy and monetary policy docx
Ngày tải lên :
20/02/2014, 20:20
... necessary, as the example of the Netherlands shows The Netherlands reached a higher growth path and halved their unemployment under the condition of a de facto monetary union with Germany and without ... Community institutions and bodies on the one hand and the ECB on the other” (ECB 2000b: 52) As far as the interaction in the field of economic policies is concerned, the ECB interprets the Treaty in such ... fact, the ECB participates in the discussions at the EU level, for example, in the meetings of the European Council, and it is involved in the Eurogroup, the Economic and Financial Committee and the...
- 31
- 505
- 0
Tài liệu The Economic Promise of Investing in High-Quality Preschool: Using Early Education to Improve Economic Growth and the Fiscal Sustainability of States and the Nation pptx
Ngày tải lên :
20/02/2014, 20:20
... Furthermore, states should welcome a diverse set of providers that meet quality standards and the needs of the parents and communities they serve Business leaders should advocate preschool and ... childhood education and care can also improve the employment situation of their mothers The Abecedarian program and other early childhood intervention programs show that participants’ mothers are more ... implementation site, and also among families within a single program site.190 The intensity of the services provided, the skills of the home visitors, and the content of the home visiting curriculum...
- 74
- 608
- 0
Credit Growth and the Effectiveness of Reserve Requirements and Other Macroprudential Instruments in Latin America pdf
Ngày tải lên :
06/03/2014, 04:21
... Colombia, and Peru 24 The cumulative dummy captures changes in the rates of the RRs and therefore, facilitates the comparison of changes to the RR regime across countries However, the variable ... against the wind”: (i) raising RRs during the upswing phase of the cycle to contain excessive credit growth and the associated build up of vulnerabilities and (ii) lowering them during the downswing ... (deposits or nondeposits) to target, their holding period, the RR rate itself, whether to remunerated them or not, and how to calculate and constitute the base for the regulation (e.g., lagged or...
- 29
- 525
- 0
NOTES ON THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS AND GROWTH ACCOUNTING pot
Ngày tải lên :
06/03/2014, 21:20
... is broken down into the 5—7 and (5—6 and 7—8 for 1940, 1948, and 1952) on the basis of data provided in Current Population Report, and and the first part of 1952, 5—7 and thereafter — 24.6 8.3 ... for the schooling and IQ categories respectively • 25 results were essentially the same for the linear and log-log forms The semilog forms reported in the text fit the data best on the "standard ... 1, and still their relative incomes did not change greatly There appear to be four possible explanations of the phenomenon, three on the demand side and one on the supply side.36 On the demand...
- 59
- 595
- 0
The Impact of Education on Economic Growth Theory, Findings, and Policy Implications potx
Ngày tải lên :
17/03/2014, 08:20
... components, including the number of years spent in school, the quality of the schooling, the nature of the curriculum, and the student’s effort Creating a measure that accurately quantifies these components ... ‘New’ in the New Growth Theory?” Macquarie University Bardhan, P (1998) The Contributions of Endogenous Growth Theory to the Analysis of Development Problems.” Fabrizio C., et al (eds.) New Theories ... stressed the importance of human capital’s contribution to growth: The main engine of growth is the accumulation of human capital – or knowledge – and the main source of differences in living standards...
- 30
- 1.1K
- 4
Báo cáo khoa học: The b-N-acetylglucosaminidases NAG1 and NAG2 are essential for growth of Trichoderma atroviride on chitin doc
Ngày tải lên :
23/03/2014, 05:22
... produced by the WT and the number of spores in the Dnag1 strain was 466 ± 105% The results on all other carbon sources showed no differences between the WT and the single knockout strains, and, most ... essential for normal growth on non-chitinous carbon sources Dnag2 strains C2332 and A523 and Dnag1Dnag2 strains 713 and 1921 were randomly chosen and used together with the WT and Dnag1 strain in ... from the random cleavage of chito-oligomers by chitinases To test this, we grew the strains on chitobiose (Fig 1C) Under these conditions, growth of the WT and Dnag1 and Dnag2 strains occurred and...
- 12
- 456
- 0
Regional Food Hub Resource Guide: Food hub impacts on regional food systems, and the resources available to support their growth and development pdf
Ngày tải lên :
23/03/2014, 08:21
... They were asked questions about the economic viability of their businesses, the challenges they were facing, and the opportunities they saw emerging for business growth and market expansion The ... farms We— the grower members—own the business, set its policies, and share in the profits By planning our crops together, by pooling our produce, and by sharing the use of the co-op’s staff and services, ... flavormagazinevirginia.com/localfoodhub 18 expand and improve their production and handling methods, increase sales, and strengthen their ties to local supply networks In the past years, Appalachian Harvest...
- 92
- 469
- 0
Mega-Events, Urban Boosterism and Growth Strategies: An Analysis of the Objectives and Legitimations of the Cape Town 2004 Olympic Bid pdf
Ngày tải lên :
23/03/2014, 13:20
... Khayelitsha and is made up of a mixture of core houses, site and service plots, and serviced and unserviced shacks (Cook, 1992) Figure shows that the white areas are along the Tygerberg arm and the Southern ... arm, and that the area to the southeast (Cape Flats, metropolitan Southeast) are the areas of the disadvantaged populations which are less accessible to the central business district (CBD) and ... developmental If, on the one hand, there was the expectation that the Olympics should make a significant contribution to the housing stock for persons of low or no income, on the other hand, Olympic...
- 20
- 600
- 0
Báo cáo khoa học: Determining and understanding the control of glycolysis in fast-growth tumor cells Flux control by an over-expressed but strongly product-inhibited hexokinase pdf
Ngày tải lên :
30/03/2014, 11:20
... pathways, and hence changes in the flux of glycogen synthesis and degradation, pentose phosphate cycle, and glycerol and triacylglycerol synthesis might affect the concentrations of these metabolites ... instance, the nonlinear regression for the titrations with 2-deoxyglucose and arsenite gave eCFBP and ePFBP of 1.99 ± 0.79 and )1.5 ± 1.6, which yielded the CJc and CJP of 0.39 ± 0.24 and 0.61 ... (d), AMP (n) and NH4+ (m), in the presence of mM Fru6P and 0.8 mM ATP (n ¼ 10) and 1.7 ± 0.7 mm (n ¼ 6), respectively Thereafter, the PFK-1 activity was determined in the presence of the intracellular...
- 14
- 510
- 0
essays on the information contents of bank subordinated debt spreads and the pricings of bank loans and services
Ngày tải lên :
03/06/2014, 01:54
... Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without ... permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without ... permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without permission Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner Further reproduction prohibited without...
- 190
- 290
- 0