... dosage and schedule both as single agent or in combination: a 2-hour intravenous infusion at 400 mg/m2 followed by weekly 1hour infusion of 250 mg/m2 In the GOIM study Cetuximab was administrated in ... Furie J: Targeting the epidermalgrowthfactorreceptorin the treatment of colorectal cancer State of the art Drugs 2006, 66(11):1441-1463 Mellstedet H: Monoclonal antibodies inhumancancer Drugs ... antitumor activity of antiepidermal growthfactorreceptor monoclonal antibody IMC-C225 in combination with irinotecan (CPT-11) against human colorectal xenografts Clin Cancer Res 2002, 8:994-1003 Dittmann...
... are involved both in GDP and ATP binding to TG2 The residue Arg580, which is important for GTP/GDP binding, is not involved in ATP binding (Han et al 2010) By purifying the insulin-like growth factor- binding ... Immunofluorescence IFN-γ Interferon-gamma IGFBP-3 Insulin-like growth factor- binding protein-3 IκBα Inhibitor of kappa B alpha ILK Integrin-linked kinase IP3 Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate xviii i.p Introperitoneal ... transduced into OV90 cells 103 xiv Figure 33 Wild-type TG2 and N-terminal fibronectin binding domain of TG2 induce EMT in OV90 cells Figure 34 104 Wild-type TG2 and N-terminal fibronectin binding domain...
... signal-regulated kinases: association with epidermalgrowthfactor receptor/ transforming growthfactor alpha expression in head and neck squamous carcinoma and inhibition by anti -epidermal growthfactorreceptor ... transforming growthfactor α andepidermalgrowthfactorreceptorin patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck Cancer 1996, 78:1284-1292 Baumann M, Krause M: Targeting the epidermalgrowth ... Radiation-induced release of transforming growthfactor α activates the epidermalgrowthfactorreceptorand mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway in carcinoma cells, leading to increased...
... very-KIND-MAP2 interaction v-KIND KIND2 KIND2-1 KIND2-2 KIND2-3 KIND2-4 KIND2-5 A 620 521 555 488 589 EGFP EGFP-KIND2-1 EGFP-KIND2-2 EGFP-KIND2-3 EGFP-KIND2-4 EGFP-KIND2-5 EGFP-KIND2 EGFP-KIND1 ... the structural and functional determinants of the protein–protein interaction between v-KIND and MAP2 (i.e the MAP2-binding core module in v-KIND and the v-KIND-binding core module in MAP2) across ... in the KIND2 domain of v-KIND contain the core MAP2 binding module To identify the core MAP2-binding site within the KIND2 domain (amino acids 456–620), we analyzed five EGFP-fused KIND2 domain...
... homology in the C-terminal regulatory domain are relatively low, being 33, 24 and 28%, respectively regulin and epigen); (b) those that bind to EGFR and ERBB4 (including betacellulin, heparin-binding ... ligand-binding domain; a transmembrane domain; an intracellular tyrosine kinase domain; and a C-terminal regulatory domain [2] The extracellular domain is subdivided further into four domains ... Kinetic analysis of epidermalgrowthfactorreceptor somatic mutant proteins shows increased sensitivity to the epidermalgrowthfactorreceptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, erlotinib Cancer Res 66,...
... Zeng C, Franklin WA: Epidermalgrowthfactorreceptorin nonsmall-cell lung carcinomas: correlation between gene copy number and protein expression and impact on prognosis J Clin Oncol 2003, ... Mark EJ, Longtine J, Verlander P, Kucherlapati R, Meyerson M, Haber DA, Johnson BE, Lynch TJ: Epidermalgrowthfactorreceptor mutation testing in the care of lung cancer patients Clin Cancer Res ... Feng Z, Roth JA, Herz J, Minna JD, Gazdar AF: Clinical and biological features associated with epidermalgrowthfactorreceptor gene mutations in lung cancers J Natl Cancer Inst 2005, 97(5):339-346...
... expressed TNF-α An interleukin-8-blocking antibody inhibits interleukin-13-induced neutrophil recruitment and mucin production Thus, interleukin-13 causes goblet-cell metaplasia indirectly by neutrophil ... virus-induced goblet-cell metaplasia in pathogen-free rats, developing mucin-containing cells did not incorporate [3H]thymidine, suggesting that cell mitosis was not involved in synthesis of mucin ... of the MUC5AC mucin (a predominant airway mucin) gene Interaction of EGFR with its ligands led to EGFR tyrosine kinase phosphorylation, and a selective EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BIBX1522)...
... importance and clinical trials There are ligands known to bind to EGFR, including EGF, transforming growthfactor (TGF- α), amphiregulin (AR), epigen (EPN), betacellulin(BTC), heparin-binding EGF ... as the docking sites for the receptors' downstream proteins or domains including SH2 and PTB (Ferguson 2008) Besides, in the 2 -receptor- 2-ligand stoichiometry, binding of the first ligand shows ... such as binding with ligands and subsequent activation Interestingly, again, opposing effects were observed in different settings of experiments In artificial 20 membranes, the binding of EGF-EGFR...
... The binding of ligand to EGFR induces receptor dimerization and consequent conformational changes that result in activation of the intrinsic tyrosine kinase, receptor autophosphorylation and a ... compete with ATP for binding to the tyrosine kinase pocket of the receptor, thereby inhibiting receptor tyrosine kinase activity and EGFR signaling pathways (Fig 1) Early clinical studies showed ... agents for targeting growthfactor receptors frequently expressed in epithelial cancers [9] Two such inhibitors of the tyrosine kinase activity of EGFR (EGFR-TKIs), gefitinib and erlotinib, compete...
... Immunohistochemical staining intensity scores A) Meningiomas stained with anti-EGFR antisera showing negative staining B) 1+ staining C) 2+ staining D) 3+ staining Original magnification for ... (staining percentage (SP) score) and the estimate of the staining intensity (staining intensity (SI) score) When there was multifocal immunoreactivity and a significant difference in staining intensities ... L, Macchia V: Epidermalgrowthfactorreceptorinhuman brain tumors J Endocrinol Invest 1992, 15(1):31-37 Johnson MD, Horiba M, Winnier AR, Artiaga CL: The epidermalgrowthfactorreceptor is...
... Laboratory) and a range of illumination intensities did not detect any masking defects [11] Previous analyses investigating alterations in locomotor and masking behaviors used mice carrying the Egfrwa2 ... significant intrastrain and intraindividual fluctuations of EGFR ligand levels in the SCN of inbred mice [2] Thus we cannot eliminate the possibility that homozygosity for Egfrwa2 may cause individuals ... participated in all experiments, in the analysis and discussion of the results, andin the writing of the manuscript CLT participated in all experiments, in the analysis and discussion of the results, and...
... al.: Sustained complete remission of humanepidermalgrowthfactorreceptor 2-positive metastatic breast cancerin the liver during long-term trastuzumab (Herceptin) maintenance therapy in a woman: ... computed tomography; HER2: humanepidermalgrowthfactorreceptor 2; MBC: metastatic breast cancer Authors’ contributions JS collected and analyzed the data of the study and wrote the manuscript ... collected the data of the patient, and NT conceived and designed the study and supervised the manuscript writing All authors read and approved the final manuscript Competing interests The authors declare...
... bacitracin, a PDI inhibitor Finally, PDI expression was induced by the antiinflammatory cytokine IL-10, and IL-10-mediated inhibition of LPS-induced IL-6 expression was reduced by bacitracin These findings ... molecular chaperones in the folding of oxidized proteins Refolding of colloidal thyroglobulin by protein disulfide isomerase and immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein J Biol Chem 2001, 276:21337-21342 ... cytokines play a major rolein sepsis-induced liver injury [19,20], we also investigated the expression of PDI in cells of the macrophage-like cell line, RAW 264.7, after incubation with LPS In...
... inhuman breast cancerCancer Lett 191, 229–237 57 Takeuchi K, Motoda Y & Ito F (2006) Role of transcription factor activator protein (AP1) inepidermalgrowth factor- mediated protection against ... their survival and, consequently, undergo apoptosis following inhibition of EGFR tyrosine kinase by gefitinib Gefitinib has been shown to inhibit cell survival andgrowth signaling pathways such ... apoptosis in PC-9 cells Stress stimuli that induce apoptosis, including UV- and c-irradiation, heat shock, protein synthesis inhibitors, DNA-damaging agents and the proinflammatory cytokines, are...
... occludin in apoptosis and invasion A C B D E F Fig Identification of a human occludin splice variant in liver cell lines (A) Occludin protein expression was examined with an antibody to the N-terminus ... wild-type occludin (OccWT) and variant occludin in apoptosis and invasion, as determined by assay, we revealed that exon played a major rolein the induction of mitochondria-mediated apoptosis and the ... to cell invasion [23,24] In contrast, in the case of occludin, an ER-mediated increase in intracellular calcium levels is not considered to be the mechanism underlying its effects incancer cell...
... copper binding could still allow domain swapping to occur It is of interest that a N-terminally truncated prion protein, lacking the copper binding domain is capable of domain swapping and forms ... C-terminus (box in Fig 1) at sites: 92, 75, 66 and 58 As histidine residues are central to copper binding in many proteins they probably form part of the copper binding sites in this protein Although ... binding on the secondary structure was determined using CD in the far UV To prepare proteins without Cu2+, part of each protein 4252 Fig Comparison of copper binding by stefin A and stefin B using...
... in the AUH gene This indicated that AUH, in addition to its RNA binding function, must play an important rolein leucine catabolism AUH was overproduced in E coli and characterized by measuring ... (c.719C>T) in exon and an insertion mutation c.613–614insA This insertion causes a frameshift that starts at Met205 and leads to the introduction of a stop codon after four amino acids The intra-assay ... enoyl-CoA hydratase’) The RNAbinding activity of the human protein and also of the murine homologue was investigated further, its biological function, however, remained unclear [16,17] The three-dimensional...
... (Michaelis constant) and Vmax (maximum velocity) values were determined by incubating the diluted recombinant proteins in the standard reaction mixture in the presence of increasing concentrations ... were removed and minced with a surgical knife The minced tissue was wrapped in cotton gauze and suspended in NaCl/Pi containing 100 lgÆmL)1 penicillin/ streptomycin at 37 °C for h After incubation ... were incubated at 37 °C in a humidified 5% CO2 incubator in the absence (control) and presence of increasing concentrations of inhibitors for 10 days, and the number of molting larvae was determined...
... Calmodulin and the EGFR prominent rolein EGF-dependent activation and the fate of this receptor The EGFR CaM-binding domain The first report demonstrating that the EGFR is a CaM-binding protein arise ... which appears to induce the shedding of heparin-binding-EGF, but not of amphiregulin or transforming growth factor- a, thus activating the receptorandits downstream signalling pathways as a ... L658, resulting in mutant receptors with no detectable EGFdependent tyrosine kinase activity but maintaining intact ligand-binding capacity [59–61] Significantly, no apparent aberrant intracellular...
... blocked EGFR signaling with gefitinib Gefitinib is an inhibitor of tyrosine kinase that competes with ATP for binding to the intracellular kinase domain, preventing receptor activation and the engagement ... lung cancers To gain further insights into the role of miR-125a-5p in lung carcinogenesis and to examine the clinical relevance of our findings, we investigated the expression of miR-125a-5p in ... Biological Engineering Technology and Services Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China) The human lung cancer cell lines H1299 and PC-9 were obtained from Zhejiang Cancer Hospital and grown in RPMI-1640 medium (Invitrogen)...