enterohemorrhagic e coli or ehec

... Escherichia coli (EPEC) Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli (EIEC) Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Escherichia coli O157:H7 (Enterohemorrhagic E coli or EHEC) Listeria monocytogens Clinical ... Dose–response refers to the relationship between the exposure dose of a substance and the response of the organism ingesting the substance A dose–response relationship is determined by experiments, ... toxicity response can be categorized as readily reversible, not readily reversible, or nonreversible Most chemical-induced effects short of death are reversible in time if the chemical subsides over...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 04:20

... determined by the manufacturer The levels of chlorite and chlorate in the carcasses were 0.54 mg and 19 µg per kg carcass, respectively The levels of chlorite and chlorate were also determined ... other substances were found Substances containing chlorine were found; for instance, 1chloroethyldimethylbenzene and tetrachloropropanone were detected The approximate concentrations reported ... phosphate Acidified sodium chlorite The use of acidified sodium chlorite generates chlorous acid as well as other species like chlorite, chlorate and chlorine dioxide The proportion depends on the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... school fees B: Social: Religious ceremonies A: Serve as long term account sale for large expenses such as buying a tractor, children Marriage or other essentials B: Social: Religious ceremonies, ... research and knowledge management Science based solutions to emerging issues 49 Livestock in a changing world  Genetics and breeding  Feed resources and Utilization  Human resource  International ... Percentage of rural household owning livestock, share of income from livestock and number of livestock per household 23 Percentage of rural households owning livestock, by expenditure quintile...

Ngày tải lên: 08/04/2013, 10:35

... processing The mixed enzymes are used to shorten the maturation time of cheeses and intensify the flavour of processed cheese accelerated freeze drying See freeze drying Acceptable Daily Intake ... small endocrine glands situated just above the kidneys The inner medulla secretes the hormones adrenaline and noradrenaline, while the outer cortex secretes steroid hormones known as corticosteroids, ... Adequate Intake, level of intake of a micronutrient that is more than adequate to meet requirements; based on observed levels of intake, used when there is inadequate information to derive reference...

Ngày tải lên: 21/08/2013, 13:55

... pyranometer, hygrometers and thermocouples were recorded every 10 minutes by a multi-channel data logger (Yokogawa, model DC100) The air speed at the inlet and outlet of the dryer were recorded during ... transfer between the sky and the cover due to radiation + Rate of thermal energy transfer between the cover and ambient air due to convection + Rate of thermal energy transfer between the product ... standardised each time with a white ceramic plate Three readings were taken at each place on the surface of samples and then the mean values of L*, a* and b* were averaged The different colour parameters...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

... soon forgotten” The Vietnamese often criticizes the people who received the help of others to overcome the difficulties after that they are ingrate, even betray their benefactor with the proverb ... proverbs Proverbs represent a complete piece of information, because they can work as a sentence They are meaningful by themselves, and, in consequence, can work independently, as it can be seen from ... sức kh e Two sentences are used to advise people to eat, drink and live in moderation in order to keep their health better and better While English uses the image of "apple" to express their implication...

Ngày tải lên: 11/12/2013, 23:48

... medieval alchemist Maria de Cleofa bajoa See millet baked apple berry See cloudberry baker’s cheese See cottage cheese baker’s yeast glycan Dried cell walls of yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, ... chewed in some parts of the world for their stimulating effect, due to the presence of the alkaloids arecoline and guvacoline The leaves are chewed with the nuts of the areca palm, Arecha catechu, ... overnight before cooking bhindi See okra BHT See butylated hydroxytoluene BIE See bioelectrical impedance biffins Apples that have been peeled, partly baked, then pressed and dried bifidobacteria See probiotics...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... leaves) See cabbage, chinese Chinese cherry See lychee Chinese gooseberry See kiwi Chinese lantern See cape gooseberry Chinese restaurant syndrome Flushing, palpitations and numbness associated ... factors calorimetry The measurement of energy expenditure by the body Direct calorimetry is the measurement of heat output from the body as an index of energy expenditure, and hence energy requirement ... has been extracted with solvent (e. g methylene or ethylene chloride), carbon dioxide under pressure (supercritical CO2) or water Coffee decaffeinated by water extraction is sometimes labelled as...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... particulate See density, absolute dental fluorosis Mottled dental enamel, see fluoride dental plaque See plaque (1) dent corn See maize deodorisation The removal of an undesirable flavour or odour ... types of diet Dietary Reference Intakes (DRI) US term for dietary reference values In addition to average requirement and rda, include tolerable upper levels (UL) of intake from supplements See ... reference intakes Dietary Reference Values (DRV) A UK set of standards for the amounts of each nutrient needed to maintain good health See reference intakes dietetic foods Foods prepared to meet...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... thermogenesis gives net energy, i .e the actual amount available for use in the body See also energy conversion factors energy balance The difference between intake of energy from foods and energy expenditure ... ethylene See ethene ethylene diamine tetra-acetic acid See edta ethylene scavengers A variety of compounds that will adsorb ethylene (ethene) in packed fruits and vegetables, and so slow ripening ... swallowed fruit stone entero-oxyntin Peptide hormone secreted by the upper small intestine; increases gastric secretion enteropathy Any disease or disorder of the intestinal tract enteropeptidase...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... seeds; other parts of the plant are vegetables In general usage, fruits are sweet or eaten sweetened (and hence include rhubarb, which is leaf stalks, and hence a vegetable), while vegetables ... the latent heat of crystallisation is removed and ice is formed freezing time, effective Time required to lower the temperature of the centre of a food to a predetermined final temperature frenching ... See fat, superglycinerated fat mouse Genetically obese mouse that secretes pro-insulin because of a defect in the gene for the pro-insulin converting enzyme, carboxypeptidase e The same enzyme...

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 08:17

... = J/kg great millet See sorghum green butter See vegetable butters green fluorescent protein (GFP) A protein from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria that emits green fluorescence when excited by UV ... grape sugar See glucose grappa See marc GRAS (generally regarded as safe) Designation given to food additives when further evidence is required before the substance can be classified more precisely ... in the laboratory, when genes from another organism may be introduced (sometimes known as genetic engineering) See also gm foods; substantial equivalence genome The complete genetic sequence of...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 14:20

... the larval stage heteropolysaccharide polysaccharide containing more than one type of monosaccharide heterosides See holosides heterotrophes See autotrophes hexamethylene tetramine Preservative ... variety of genetic diseases (see amino acid disorders) or liver failure Treatment is normally by severe restriction of protein intake hypercalcaemia Elevated plasma calcium believed to be due to ... androgens, include testosterone, dihydrotestosterone and androsterone; female hormones, or oestrogens, include oestradiol, oestrone and progesterone Chemically, all are steroids, derived from cholesterol...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 14:20

... and removes a proportion for analysis See also spirometer intense sweeteners See sweeteners, intense interesterification Exchange of fatty acids between triacylglycerols in order to modify the properties ... ileum is removed or by-passed Has been used as a treatment for severe obesity jejunostomy feeding See enteral nutrition jejunum Part of the small intestine, between the duodenum and the ileum; ... See cocoa butter equivalents IMF See intermediate moisture foods immune system Series of defence mechanisms of the body There are two major parts: humoral, mediated through antibodies secreted...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 14:20

... (stale) beef and root vegetables, traditionally served on October, together with white bread and herrings, to celebrate the relief of the siege of Leyden (1574) licorice See liquorice Lieberkühn, ... the curds are cut and heated before being pressed into moulds kefir See milk, fermented 265 kelor See moringa kelp Large brown seaweeds, Laminaria spp Occasionally used as food or food ingredient ... hydrolysed by digestive enzymes, and therefore nutritionally useless Used as fertiliser, since it is slowly broken down by soil bacteria Steamed feather meal is used to some extent as a supplement for...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 14:20

... Anorectic (appetite suppressing, see appetite control) drug formerly used in the treatment of obesity mazun See milk, fermented mazzard See gean McGovern committee USA; Senate Select Committee ... dihydrofolate reductase (EC 1.5.1.3) methylated spirits See alcohol, denatured methyl cellulose See cellulose methylene blue dye-reduction test When the dye methylene blue is added to milk, any bacteria ... those cells in which the gene transfer has been achieved Unlike a reporter gene, it confers a survival advantage on the transfected cells when they are grown in the presence of the antibiotic or...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 14:20

... treatment of diabetes, heart disease and cancer non-Newtonian fluid See shear rate non-nutritive sweeteners See sweeteners, intense non-saponified The water-insoluble material remaining in a fat or ... expressing the nutrient content of a food or diet relative to the energy yield (i .e per 1000 kcal or per MJ) rather than per unit weight 337 nutrient enemata See rectal feeding See also enteral ... sometimes for swede in England) 327 NEFA Non-esterified fatty acids negus Drink made from port or sherry with spices, sugar and hot water NEL See no effect level nematode Any one of a large group...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 14:20

... increased reserves for the great stress of the last trimester, and high requirements for iron and calcium These increased needs are reflected in the increased reference intakes for pregnancy (see ... therefore used in low-calorie jams and jellies pectolase, pectozyme See pectinase 363 pedometer Portable device that records number of paces walked, and therefore approximate distance travelled ... heated plates, or through pipes, where it is heated to the required temperature, maintained at that temperature for the required time, then immediately cooled pastillage Paste used on cakes, made...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 14:20

... refrigerated pasteurised foods for extended durability reporter gene A readily detectable gene (e. g that for βglucuronidase, firefly luciferase or green fluorescent protein) transferred into a transgenic ... protein See protein, reference refractive index Measure of the bending or refraction of a beam of light on entering a denser medium (the ratio between the sine of the angle of incidence of the ... Reference woman is engaged in general household duties or light industry, with an average daily requirement of 9.7 MJ (2300 kcal) reference nutrient intake, RNI See reference intakes reference...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 14:20