energy and carbon emission implications of steelmaking processes

... applied field and emission from all Nanoscale Res Lett (2008) 3:205–212 211 Fig Sequence of field emission patterns of CNT sample of size *12 18 mm2 on porous Si substrates Total emission current: ... 3:205–212 increasing voltage Emission current density was calculated by dividing the emission current with the exposed area of the sample Emission performances of all of the four samples were analyzed ... diameter of the BS-CNTs was estimated in the range of 30–70 nm However, some of the CNTs were of very large diameter (*150 nm) The tip diameters were in the range of 5–20 nm The magnified view of a...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... OPTICAL LIMITING AND FIELD EMISSION STUDIES OF CARBON NANOTUBES GOHEL AMARSINH B.Sc (Hons.) SUPERVISOR A/PROF ANDREW WEE THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS NATIONAL ... nonlinear scattering, heating of the carbon nanotubes by the laser pulses lead to vaporisation and ionisation of carbon particles, and then the formation of rapidly expanding microplasmas These microplasmas ... Kinetic energy of emitted electrons range from 0eV to the energy of the incident radiation Valence band PES allows the characterization of the Fermi level by the onset of the photoelectron emission...

Ngày tải lên: 27/11/2015, 12:23

... manufacturing value chain and displaces increasingly advanced sectors of the U.S economy A second concern is off-shoring of R&D facilities to China and other emerging economies Off-shoring of R& D is worrying ... the erosion of the U.S manufacturing base, the loss of U.S R&D facilities, and the rise of China’s financial standing, less attention has been paid to the geo-political implications of the increase ... demand at a time of demand shortage This is because manufacturing jobs have historically paid higher wages, manufacturing has a large job multiplier via its demand for inputs and services, and...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... sweep voltage was 0–1100 V and the emission current was measured using Keithley 2410 Results and Discussion Figure 1a and b shows the top view and cross-section view of the Fe-coated (50 nm) ITO ... thickness of 100 nm Figure shows the TEM images of an a-Fe2O3 NW which was grown on the iron film with a thickness of Fig FE-SEM images of (a) the top view and (b) cross-section view of NWs synthesized ... the resistance of the total NWs in a unit cm2 Fig A schematic graph of the formation of the a-Fe2O3 NWs in thin and thick iron Fig (a) Schematic illustration and (b) circuit diagram of conductive...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:08

... afflicted and to quell uprisings Of those, the most affected are the poor and vulnerable as well as smaller nations and islands, stoking issues of equity and justice, and hence political and social ... representative of other islands, island territories of metropolitan powers, and to varying degrees, of archipelagic nations, coastal communities and other small states Excluding Hawaii and New Zealand, ... legal implications of individuals and island communities who may be forced to abandon their islands and she also asks whether the climate refugees are stateless persons or landless citizens of a...

Ngày tải lên: 29/05/2014, 23:42

... changed, and the stability of field emission is high The slopes and intercedes of these plots in the high field region are the same, showing the effective emission area and the emission for the Ag-TCNQ ... the characteristics of emission current density versus applied field for them grown under the reaction temperature of 373, 393 and 413 K with 30-nm-thick Ag film, respectively, and other conditions ... turn-on field is 2.0, 5.5 and 7.0 V/lm, respectively The turn-on field for the former one is lower than that of the latter two, mainly because they consist of Fig J–E curves of field emission for Ag-TCNQ...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 17:20

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... sweep voltage was 0–1100 V and the emission current was measured using Keithley 2410 Results and Discussion Figure 1a and b shows the top view and cross-section view of the Fe-coated (50 nm) ITO ... thickness of 100 nm Figure shows the TEM images of an a-Fe2O3 NW which was grown on the iron film with a thickness of Fig FE-SEM images of (a) the top view and (b) cross-section view of NWs synthesized ... the resistance of the total NWs in a unit cm2 Fig A schematic graph of the formation of the a-Fe2O3 NWs in thin and thick iron Fig (a) Schematic illustration and (b) circuit diagram of conductive...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 01:20

... (OECD, 2004e) THE TRADE AND TRADE POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENT POLICY RESPONSES TO SOCIETAL CONCERNS defining the content of a workshop on the economic and trade implications of policy responses ... campaigns and other ways to complete the information set Finally, enforcement consists of systems ensuring standards and labels are truthful, and involves tracking and tracing mechanisms The cost of ... legitimacy of societal concerns or the legitimacy of domestic regulations and policies related to them, but rather it explores the implications of these instruments, and differences in the use of instruments...

Ngày tải lên: 12/07/2014, 14:23

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 15:46

... permeability and selectivity of carbon membrane derived from mPy with and without CTAB (heat rate of °C/min and dwelling time of hrs) 291 Table 12-2: Tabulation of permeability and selectivity ... influence of carbon derived from these PPTA rods on the sintering chemistry of the ceramic particles and consequently, the interconnectivity of pore channels and the flux and flow dynamics of the ... assistance of nano carbon wedges 124 6.3.2 Influences of pore forming on interconnectivity and flexural strength of YSZ discs 137 6.3.3 Effects of the locations of carbon porogens...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 17:54

... demand) and feed quality All of these are the responsibilities of a reliable and efficient control system As chemical plants strive to maximize economic profits and minimize energy consumption and ... during my two years of M.Eng candidature Prof Rangaiah has devoted a lot of time for me, and for other research students as well, and given us a lot of inspirations and encouragements We had weekly ... also greatly appreciate the reviews and comments from Prof W.L Luyben of Lehigh University and other anonymous reviewers for my manuscripts, and Prof S Skogestad and Dr A.C.B de Araújo for answering...

Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2015, 15:57

... determine understanding of CF, predictors of consent to screening, and responses to implications of the test results for the various ethnic and socioeconomic subgroups Strategies for pre- and post-test ... responses of 45 states and the District of Columbia to a 1991 OTA survey of Medicaid programs b Elevenother States cover genetic counseling only as apart of office visits SOURCE: Office of Technology ... House Committee on Science, Space, and Technology and the House Committee on Energy and Commerce to request, and Representative David R Obey to endorse, this Office of Technology Assessment (OTA)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2015, 19:01

... Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor Implications for Policy Action and Intervention Measures | Annex A Range of levels of small particles (PM10 ) and carbon ... Addressing the Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor Implications for Policy Action and Intervention Measures • Cancer of the Nasopharynx and Larynx Several ... Impact of Household Energy and Indoor Air Pollution on the Health of the Poor Implications for Policy Action and Intervention Measures 2.3 Summary of Evidence Table summarises the nature and extent...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 16:20

... purity of the MWNT and the presence of the graphitized layer between the nanotubes and carbon paper in Sample C The absence of the graphitized layer between the MWNT and carbon paper in samples B and ... Field emission characteristics of as-grown MWNT spin coated over carbon paper with and without graphitic layer (sample A and sample B) and that of purified MWNT spin coated over carbon paper with and ... graphitized carbon paper is a double layer structured gas diffusion layer porous carbon paper which consists of a macroporous layer of carbon fiber paper (SGL, Germany) and a microporous layer of carbon...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 18:20

... later become carbon sources, thus affecting the future carbon inputs As another example, the growth of sinks is both the result of carbon allocation to them and a major determinant of the carbon allocation ... between sapwood area and leaf weight (and its actual variability), but also because of the variable relationship between hydraulic properties and carbon content (or cost) of wood structures, in ... or C demand can be expected to improve significantly the global efficiency of FSTMs in two particular areas: (i) the dynamics of reserve storage and mobilization, and (ii) the dynamics of radial...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:22

... four sources: (a) Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (EERE), the United States Department of Energy; (b) National Bureau of Statistic of China (NBS); (c) Office of Energy Efficiency ... product of fuel mix and emission coefficient Carbon intensity CO2 emissions per unit of activity output Emission coefficient CO2 emissions per unit of fuel input It reflects the carbon contents of ... Combined Heat and Power CO2 Carbon dioxide EECA Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority (New Zealand) EERE Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy (United States) EEI Energy Efficiency...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:13

... treatment plants, and sewage treatment plants one each from the upstream of Andong area to downstream of Busan area of Nakdong river basin Estrogenic activity and concentration of estrogenic substances ... level by the combination of sand filtration and ozonation processes Fig indicates the behavior of estrogenic activity for each purifying treatment process For water-purifying processes, it appears ... Rapid and Comprehensive indicator for evaluating the performance of treatment processes, Proceeding of 2002 IWA World Water Congress, e20217a Kamata M., Evaluation of estrogenic activity of natural...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

... characteristics of carbon stable isotope and fatty acid structure of Z japonica Furthermore, we compared the characteristics of carbon stable isotope and fatty acid structure of Z japonica with those of the ... and rhizomes Meanwhile, Z marina in the leaves and stems has -9.7 ± 1.0‰, and in the roots and rhizomes has -9.6 ± 1.0‰ Fig shows that the leaves and stems as well as the roots and rhizomes of ... in 13C japonica and Z marina and Z marina LS: leaves and stems LS: leaves and stems RR: roots and rhizomes RR: roots and rhizomes is disturbed by breaking waves Typically, δ13C of plants decrease...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:17

... practical application of building energy standard [21] North America has good energy standard performance [13] as indicated by Mexico energy standard performance with mandatory energy standard in Figure ... (Graduated/NIC countries) and upgrading of some energy standards from proposed to mixed/voluntary, from mixed to mandatory Implications of building energy standard for sustainable energy efficient design ... energy standard in place, 20% have mandatory, 22% have mixed and 16% proposed In spites of the fact that, most developed countries have one kind of building energy standard in place either mandatory,...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58