elementary statistics looking at the big picture

... sample statistics for the data at hand The following diagram shows how summarizing data fits into the big picture of statistics Data Production: Take sample data from the population, with sampling ... summaries of variables and their relationships reflect the true nature of the variables and relationships in the sample only if the design for gathering the information is sound Bias Due to Study ... 664 14 How Statistics Problems Fit into the Big Picture 677 14.1 The Big Picture in Problem Solving 677 Students Talk Stats: Choosing the Appropriate Statistical...

Ngày tải lên: 25/11/2016, 13:08

... Private 2,050 State 2,566 State 4,627 State 273 Private 604 State-related 7,047 State-related 761 Private 329 Private 2,338 State 5,369 State-related 409 4,296 Private State-related 340 Private ... of zero: The fact that the differences tend to be positive tells us that fathers tend to be older than mothers The histogram’s peak is at about 2, suggesting that it is common for the fathers to ... strong evidence that heights of mothers and fathers are related in the larger population, not just in the sample that we happened to obtain from that population 30 30 40 50 60 70 80 Father age (years)...

Ngày tải lên: 25/11/2016, 13:08

... Quantitative Variable Variable Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen Mathlargen ... Situation A Situation B Situation A Situation B Situation A (n = 25) Situation B (n = 50) a In which of the two situations depicted by the boxplots on the left would you be more convinced that the ... Situation A Situation A Situation B Situation B Situation A (n = 25) Situation B (n = 50) a In which of the two situations depicted by the boxplots on the left would you be more convinced that the...

Ngày tải lên: 25/11/2016, 13:08

... caught, or they may just get bored and go elsewhere Much of this goes to the motivation of the attacker Why are they trying to attack you? What you have that they want? Unfortunately, the answer ... Security: The Big Picture - SANS GIAC © 2000 When looking at the possible sources that threaten your organization’s systems, you have to look at several types The first group is the “hacker.” I ... people, the system is of no use The system must run according to specifications This means that the system must have a formal specification of its operation and can not deviate from that specification...

Ngày tải lên: 18/10/2013, 18:15

... city The operator looks up the CO where the second person is located and contacts the operator at that CO Once the second operator is called the connection is patched through to the second CO The ... they would contact the operator at the central office and tell them the name of the person they wanted to talk to The operator would then connect the caller’s plug to the plug of the person being ... device that carries the communication from the source to the destination The receiver is the device that receives the communication Without these three elements there is no communication Basic...

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2013, 16:15

... information: - The IP address of the originating computer - The port number that the application used on the originating computer - The IP address of the destination computer - The port number of the ... Layer then sends the packet to the Transport Layer The Transport Layer takes the packet and adds a header to it The header has all the information that the Transport Layer on the other side of the ... Translation (NAT) to translate between the two When a computer on a private network needs to connect to the outside, it connects to the Internet gateway of the organization’s network The gateway then...

Ngày tải lên: 22/10/2013, 16:15

... REVISING: THE BIG PICTURE Support That’s Directly Related to the Thesis As important as the amount of support is its relevance to the thesis What good are ten supporting paragraphs if they’re ... revise her thesis to eliminate the idea that silent lies are “more devastating” than regular lies? Choosing the latter, she revised her thesis once more and created the following thesis statement: ... paragraph together by stating the idea that they all relate to If you can’t locate a topic sentence, should the main idea be stated in one, instead of implied by your examples? If there is a topic sentence,...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 17:20

... address, the application that sent the packet, or even the packet’s relationship to other similar packets It then matches the packet against that list of rules If the packet is “permitted” based on the ... involved in an attack One of the Agents is tagged as the Handler It is the Handler’s responsibility to coordinate the attack on behalf of the Attacker When the Attacker is ready to launch the attack, ... strengthen the attack The attack seems to be coming from everywhere at once, and since there is no authentication on TCP/IP connections, there is no way to tell the real origin of the attack...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 23:15

... allows the browser to send some information to the server, usually information from a form the user fills out POST transactions send the information from the browser to the server The server will then ... that in a hidden field for later use If you look at the HTML source for the page with the hidden field you will see that information Unfortunately, so will anyone else that may be sniffing the ... Information Security: The Big Picture - SANS GIAC © 2000 One of the interesting things that we mentioned before about the HTTP protocol is that it is stateless By “stateless” we mean that each...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 23:15

... organization Finally, we’ll look at how we are going to divide up the rest of the course 10 What better introduction to Intrusion Detection than the Mitnick Attack? Intrusion Detection - The Big Picture ... determine a trust relationship, A trusts B B Attacker Intrusion Detection - The Big Picture - SANS GIAC © 2000 13 The attack started when the attacker detected a trust relationship was in place ... violation of your organization’s security policy It is the combination of that trust decision and the rshell vulnerability that allowed the attack to succeed Since networks and host configurations...

Ngày tải lên: 04/11/2013, 12:15

... certificate Without knowing what algorithm was used to sign the certificate there is no way of verifying the signature A certificate also contains validation dates These are the dates that the certificate ... to the Company B person that the certificate is legitimate Certificate Issues • Certificate chaining • Certificate revocation • The Public Key Infrastructure Information Security: The Big Picture ... information contained in an X.509 certificate is the digital signature of the Certificate Authority that has issued and certified the certificate Without these three vital pieces of information, the...

Ngày tải lên: 04/11/2013, 12:15

... to the raw data to verify or report the detect This is the more detailed log file, notice the rule that found the detect is displayed at the top Then summary information about the packet The ... by attacking over the Internet (Editor’s note: The statement the statistic that 90% of all attacks are perpetrated by insiders is dead wrong” may be confusing in light of the opposite statistic ... - The Big Picture - SANS GIAC © 2000 3 Need for Network-Based ID • Most attacks come from the Internet • Detecting these attacks allows a site to tune defenses The statistic that 90% of all attacks...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 17:15

... allows the browser to send some information to the server, usually information from a form the user fills out POST transactions send the information from the browser to the server The server will then ... that in a hidden field for later use If you look at the HTML source for the page with the hidden field you will see that information Unfortunately, so will anyone else that may be sniffing the ... Information Security: The Big Picture - SANS GIAC © 2000 One of the interesting things that we mentioned before about the HTTP protocol is that it is stateless By “stateless” we mean that each...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 17:15

... address, the application that sent the packet, or even the packet’s relationship to other similar packets It then matches the packet against that list of rules If the packet is “permitted” based on the ... involved in an attack One of the Agents is tagged as the Handler It is the Handler’s responsibility to coordinate the attack on behalf of the Attacker When the Attacker is ready to launch the attack, ... strengthen the attack The attack seems to be coming from everywhere at once, and since there is no authentication on TCP/IP connections, there is no way to tell the real origin of the attack...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 14:16

... allows the browser to send some information to the server, usually information from a form the user fills out POST transactions send the information from the browser to the server The server will then ... that in a hidden field for later use If you look at the HTML source for the page with the hidden field you will see that information Unfortunately, so will anyone else that may be sniffing the ... Information Security: The Big Picture - SANS GIAC © 2000 One of the interesting things that we mentioned before about the HTTP protocol is that it is stateless By “stateless” we mean that each...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 14:16

... certificate Without knowing what algorithm was used to sign the certificate there is no way of verifying the signature A certificate also contains validation dates These are the dates that the certificate ... to the Company B person that the certificate is legitimate Certificate Issues • Certificate chaining • Certificate revocation • The Public Key Infrastructure Information Security: The Big Picture ... information contained in an X.509 certificate is the digital signature of the Certificate Authority that has issued and certified the certificate Without these three vital pieces of information, the...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 14:16

... - The Big Picture – SANS GIAC ©2000 What is a state machine? If you meet the condition at the first state, you can transition to the next Please take a minute to read the slide State is initiated ... outside the firewall or allow the traffic through the firewall to the honeypot on an isolated network, we can collect information as to what the attacker is trying to 15 Why you want others to run them ... responsibility begins On the slide, the cyberscape shows the attacker is at the right and the target or defender on the left We will learn about Indications and Warnings later in the course This is...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 14:16

... - The Big Picture – SANS GIAC ©2000, 2001 19 The intrusion detection system can detect a signature, and if that connection matches a known attack signature, it can order the firewall to drop the ... to take them seriously, to take action Then, when they get attacked with pinpoint accuracy, (the attacker knows which system to attack and which exploit to use), the victims scratch their heads ... rehearsal One attack that proved to be somewhat damaging to the United States is called Solar Sunrise In this case, the attackers could be seen testing their techniques months before the attack was...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 14:16

... advising them of the risk and potential loss and also that there potential countermeasures, with a recommendation that the organization invest the time to further evaluate the solutions 33 Threat Assessment ... uncomfortable with that information The more specific and clear that information is, the more they squirm The idea is to take an inventory of the data sources that you have available and see if these already ... EXPLANATIONS" how the risk is mitigated by other means In the absence of indications to the contrary, the Information System is operating at an acceptable risk (accreditable) when all of the leftmost...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 14:16

... to get to the raw data to verify or report the detect This is the more detailed log file Notice the rule that found the detect is displayed at the top Then summary information about the packet ... incidents.org, while they have their own customers that submit raw data, they correlate this with data from other CIRTs One or two attackers determined to confuse the picture could spoof the source addresses ... function What about detect? It turns out that some personal firewalls have the capability to more than just detect attacks, they can log the attack, which allows the analyst to study the attributes...

Ngày tải lên: 10/12/2013, 14:16