elementary considerations of the kinetics of electrode reactions

... function of the conductivity and chemical nature of the substrate, as well as of the tip–substrate distance The images thus obtained offer valuable insights into the microdistribution of the electrochemical ... generated at the substrate The distribution of the electrochemical activity of the surface can thus be mapped The submicron resolution of SECM images is controlled by the size and shape of the tip, ... and the Warburg impedance W resulting from the diffusion of ions from the bulk solution to the electrode surface The impedance of the interface, derived by application of Ohm’s law, consists of...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 08:20

... beneficial to the GFA of alloys The role of RE in the GFA was then thought to enhance the interaction intensity between the Al-LTM atomic pair117,118 The role of an RE atom in the GFA was then much ... a result of solute rejection during the formation of these perfect nanoscale fcc-Al crystals Clearly, the effective strength of the composite then depends on the type and quality of the nanoscale ... Furthermore, the fracture surface of the ribbons subject to the tensile tests often showed a vein pattern, characteristic of the fracture surface of other amorphous alloys Fracture surface of...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:04

... renal disease are on the rise [65] As more of our patients develop renal disease, psychiatrists must be aware of the effects of psychotropics on the kidneys, as well the effects of decreased renal ... deleted from the risk:benefit analysis In some cases a medication with greater side effects or medical risk may be the preferred treatment because of the documented efficacy of the agent either in ... mortality [6-9] The authors concluded that the prevalence of obesity in this study of outpatients was related to the use of antipsychotics, but less so lithium or anticonvulsants Of those persons...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 10:51

... methodology to the study of the kinetics of catalysis by the serine protease a-CT we were able to statistically correlate the structurally dynamic behavior of the enzyme with its kinetics of catalysis ... electrostatic potentials (EP) for the Ne of the lysine residues of a-CT at pH EP, EwaldEi EP is the Ewald energy of placing a charge of +1 at the location of the ith ionizable atom [89] Reactivity ... proposed the involvement of a conformational change during the formation of the tetrahedral intermediate [30] Kawai et al also studied the effect of medium viscosity on the hydrolysis of p-nitrophenyl...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 05:20

... the transfer of IPv4 address space The repercussions of other qualification mechanisms, and of the absence of such forms of qualification, are also under investigation Whether the RIRs have the ... allowing other parties to make decisions as to the validity and authenticity of the use of an address The efforts to improve the security of the routing system and offer capabilities to support the ... certification in the context of adoption of secure routing frameworks, expands the role of the RIRs into that of certificate issuers which, in turn, gives them a central role in the operation of the Internet‟s...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 21:20

... over 30 The excess of ATP ensured that none of the reactions were rate-limited by ATP concentration The levels of incorporation of 32P into the peptide were used to calculate the kinetics of phosphorylation ... by the rest of the f chain Consequently, tyrosines located on the peptides may be expected to exhibit the same kinetics as those located on the intact protein Therefore, determination of the kinetics ... structure The two groups of peaks at 6.85 and 7.15 p.p.m correspond to the aromatic resonances of the seven tyrosines in the protein, and the inset 2D expansion of the 1H-1H COSY shows that the seven...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:20

... the optimum was much broader for VsEndA 1596 The electrostatic surface potentials of the enzyme variants were calculated at the optimal salinity of the native enzymes (Fig 4) The effects of the ... by the NaCl concentration, similar to the surface charge of the enzyme The higher positive charge of VsEndA therefore decreases Km, but this is a method of coping with the charge shielding of ... enable the enzymes to release the products more easily, thus leading to the observed increase in the kcat values of three of the variants Similarly, the seven-fold higher kcat value of the hyperactive...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 06:20

... Like (2), these refer to the intrinsic qualities of the music itself, but they differ in that they describe qualities of the music as a whole 16 rather than specific, technical elements of it (e.g ... kind of mapping of aesthetic reactions to music has not been attempted in the past: our study is best regarded as a preliminary exploration We shall first describe the development of the system of ... produce a large number of the other three types, especially Objective-Analytic ones; these subjects, moreover, are likely to be amongst the less musically experienced The results of the factor analysis...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:20

... assumed that the strength of the impact of the change was inherently expressed in the perceptions of the employees, it was not necessary to separately explore the effects of the change on the employees, ... change: that is, the greater the degree of perception A, the greater the degree of resistance to change becomes Similarly, the greater the degree of perception B, the greater the degree of resistance ... has posited the influences of the perception of uncertainty in the environment on the perception of the need for change in a firm’s strategies The research on the roles and effects of perceptions...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 04:21

... overheating and loss of strength (see Figure 1) b The surface area of the vessel that may be exposed to Þre is the surface area of the vessel above the level of the liquid contents at the vesselÕs lowest ... determination of the distance between the vessel and the center of the pool Þre at which the maximum incident heat ßux to the vessel shell surface will be at the critical value of 7000 British thermal ... LPG Þres: a The time of the ÞreÕs inception if there is ßame impingement or engulfment of the vessel b The liquid level in the storage vessel and whether it is above or below the area of ßame contact...

Ngày tải lên: 27/03/2014, 14:07

Ngày tải lên: 06/05/2014, 11:07

Ngày tải lên: 12/06/2014, 11:31

... motion of the trunk was removed from motion of the head to determine the motion of the head with respect to the trunk Motion of the shank was removed from motion of the trunk to reveal motion of the ... these systems a small sensor cube is placed on the subject and the location of the sensor within the magnetic field is detected When the sensor is place on the head or glasses of the person the ... without the aid of any visual apparatus worn by the person [8] The person merely looks at the screen(s) and sees stereo images as one might in the natural world Because of their ease of use by the...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... required the coordinates of the points (if any) in which the straight line cuts the circle Let OA, the radius of the circle = r, OE = a, OF = b, and let the co-ordinates of P, one of the points of ... In the same manner as ϕ x is the coefficient of h in the development of ϕ(x + h), so ϕ x is the coefficient of h in the development of ϕ (x + h), and ϕ x is the coefficient of h in the development of ... call the co-ordinate OM, the abscissa, and MP, the ordinate, of the point P the differential and integral calculus 35 marks ON THE CONNEXION OF THE SIGNS OF ALGEBRAICAL AND THE DIRECTIONS OF GEOMETRICAL...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 19:20

... ethylene per mole of ethane fed (the yield of the process is 80%) What is the cash flow of the process? What must be the cost of producing ethylene if we want a profit of 10% of sales? 1.9 What ... processes the capital and operating costs of the reactor may be only 10 to 25% of the total, with separation units dominating the size and cost of the process Yet the performance of the chemical ... and at the end of chapters throughout the book The descriptions of reactions and kinetics in Chapter not assume any previous exposure to chemical kinetics The simplification of complex reactions...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:31

... ethylene per mole of ethane fed (the yield of the process is 80%) What is the cash flow of the process? What must be the cost of producing ethylene if we want a profit of 10% of sales? 1.9 What ... processes the capital and operating costs of the reactor may be only 10 to 25% of the total, with separation units dominating the size and cost of the process Yet the performance of the chemical ... and at the end of chapters throughout the book The descriptions of reactions and kinetics in Chapter not assume any previous exposure to chemical kinetics The simplification of complex reactions...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:34

... scattering αα The data of 22 26 Si are important to investigate the reaction rate of the Mg(α,p)25Al and 25Al(p,γ)26Si reactions, as well as the existence of 26Al in the Galaxy The rates of these reactions ... breakout from the cycles can change behaviors of the evolution Therefore, study nucleosynthesis on X-ray burst gives understanding of the growth of the binary stars 1.5 Motivation of the study of 26Si ... Most of these isotopes are the β decay nuclei staying nearby the drip line in the nuclear chart In the scope of the end of silicon burning, the condition allows beta decays to be the dominant The...

Ngày tải lên: 09/07/2014, 08:18

... acid… influence negatively on the product flavour The higher the content of volatile acidity in wine, the lower the sensory quality of the produced wine The application of immobilized yeast in wine ... acid may thus affect the synthesis of functional respiratory chain as well as the synthesis of unsaturated fatty acids and sterol Therefore, yeast growth decreased Besides, in the cultures with ... decreased the volatile acidity in wine and improved the product sensory quality Moreover, the pH value of the immobilized yeast culture was also lower than that of the free yeast culture Thus the colloidal...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 02:21

... bacteria [2] The growth of the wine yeast was therefore improved However, when the initial sulfur dioxide content in must increased from 112 to 312ppm, the maximum specific growth rate of the free ... to 312ppm, the fermentation time of the free and immobilized yeasts increased It should be noted that the fermentation time of the immobilized yeast was always shorter than that of the free yeast ... content in must augmented the pH value at the end of the primary fermentation In addition, the pH value of wine fermented by the immobilized yeast was always lower than that in the control sample Trang...

Ngày tải lên: 22/07/2014, 03:20

... Log of the initial rate to log of the initial SLS concentration 3.3 The Reaction Order of APS The rate of initiator decomposition is equal to the rate of radical absorption into the micelles Therefore, ... Rp is the polymerisation rate of the styrene core, and k is the rate reaction constant in the formation of the styrene core 3.4 Mechanism of Reaction in the Formation of the Styrene Core The order ... experimentally and estimates of the emulsion polymerisation mechanism of synthesis for the obtained core and shell The determination of the polymerisation reaction kinetics of the styrene core and butyl...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20