effects of lead exposure on neurological and psychological function in children

... the impact of lead on binding abilities of glutamate receptors and found that developmental lead exposure altered expression levels of components of NMDAR with no change in binding affinity [42,43] ... that antagonists and agonists of mGluRs can modulate the induction, formation, and maintenance of LTP [11-15], a form of neuronal plasticity that is involved in memory and learning The mGluR3 receptors ... binding affinity was not considered as key elements of lead induced neurotoxicity [44,45] In conclusion, we speculate that rat mGluR3 and mGluR7 might not involve in the pathways mediating lead...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 07:21

... were maintained in 300 ml conical flasks for weeks Concentration of macro element NH4NO3 KNO3 Determination and analyses Extraction and determination of ginsenoside production were determined as ... Part 37 Effects of auxins on growth and saponin production in callus cultures of P ginseng Planta Med., 47, (1983) 183 [4] S Liu, J.J Zhong., Simultaneous production of ginseng saponin and polysaccharide ... suspension cultures of P ginseng and P notoginseng Process Biochem 33 (1998) 69 [6] C.O Akalezi, S Liu, Q.S Li, J.T Yu, J.J Zhong, Combined effects of initial sucrose concentration and inoculum...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 10:20

... sliding microtome The microsections were rinsed in water, stained with an aqueous 1% solution of safranin for one minute, and rinsed in 96% alcohol The microsections were then placed on slides and ... release in 1995 The number of sampled seedlings, the average seedling height and seedling basal diameter, and the 129 Effects of canopy opening on beech seedlings growth maximum and minimum seedling ... stand and the growing regeneration Removing overstory induces high spatial variability within the stand Both canopy release and gap opening induce sudden changes in seedling growth conditions Before...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... patients no protection against MCh-induced bronchoconstriction [5,6] Most investigations of murine models of airway inflammation have focused on bronchial responsiveness and Page 10 of 12 (page number ... healthy mice and in acute airway inflammation, but not in mice with chronic inflammation The lack of protective effect against increased lung resistance in chronically inflamed mice is in line with ... inspiration is related to the number of DI before administration of a bronchoconstricting stimulus [4] There is convincing evidence that both bronchodilatory and bronchoprotective actions of DI...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 15:21

... interpretation of the data and in the revision of the manuscript GL was involved in the conception and design of the study, collection and interpretation of the data and in the revision of the manuscript ... design of the study, collection, analysis and interpretation of the data and the drafting and revision of the manuscript PM was involved in the conception and design of the study, analysis and interpretation ... Discussion The findings of this study suggest that γ-loop dysfunction contributes to quadriceps AMI in individuals with knee joint OA Prolonged tendon vibration induces a temporary γ-loop dysfunction...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... results point in the same direction The criteria for and targets of fluid management in sepsis are controversial In clinical sepsis, recent guidelines - based mainly on expert opinions (Surviving Sepsis ... are indicated in the electronic supplement [see Table S1 in Additional Data File 2] Mitochondrial function Sepsis had only limited effects on hepatic mitochondrial respiration [see Table S2 in ... Discussion The main finding of this study was that high-volume fluid resuscitation including HES increased mortality in sepsis The increased mortality was observed in both models of fecal peritonitis...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 20:21

... depletion of insulin stores or functional changes in signalling pathways [14] In a study investigating desensitization due to chronic exposure to glibencamide in MIN6 cells, a decrease in the ... chronic exposure (72–144 h) can result in an irreversible concentration- and time-dependent decline in sulfonylurea-induced insulin secretion [28] As the mechanisms underlying the latter effects ... strong positive correlation between insulin secretion and PC flux in INS-1 cells Furthermore, Lu et al demonstra- ted that the responsiveness of INS-1 cells to glucosestimulated insulin secretion...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 10:20

... Zak I: Long-Term Study of Brain (1)H-MRS Study in Multiple Sclerosis: Effect of Glatiramer Acetate Therapy on Axonal Metabolic Function and Feasibility of Long-Term (1)H-MRS Monitoring in Multiple ... baseline of 0.55 points The change in EDSS score between baseline and twelve months was statistically significant (p < 0.05; Wilcoxon rank test) A sustained reduction in EDSS score of > point ... self-esteem and because, in certain countries such as the USA, remaining in full-time employment is an important determinant of obtaining insurance for reimbursement of treatment costs Again, the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... growth conditions Seeds of maritime MAGREF) pine (P pinaster) (INRA-CEgerminated on natural peat for germination, 60 seedlings were were month After moved into L pots filled with coarse sand in an ... growth and consequently, carbon immobilization However, little is known about the effects of phosphorus deficiency on carbon assimilation in forest tree species (Ericsson and Ingestad, 1988) In Australia, ... reduction in trioseP utilization and maximal carboxylation efficiency in nonmycorrhizal seedlings grown with limiting phosphorus, the leaf P concentration of which being 0.076 versus 0.120.15% in...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21

... Results relations Effects of cutting creasing reactions with concentrations below 10! M were observed Increasing Cutting caused an immediate and steep decrease in stomatal conductance (g) and net C0 ... and net C0 assimilation (A) (Fig 1and a rapid increase of water potential (!yw), the latter being a direct consequence of both a reduction in transpiration (E) and the removal of all the resistances ... These effects were immediate (appearing after less than min) and only transient, vanishing in about h A new steady state was reached thereafter, with significantly lower A and g, and was maintained...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... balances concentrations of trypsin and also functions as a weak inhibitor of other serine proteinases [10,11] In addition, TATI has been found to be involved in tissue repair in vitro [12] and to ... patients, which is in line with previous findings demonstrating an association between increased s-TATI concentrations and an impaired renal function [18] Notably, s-creatinine concentration levels were ... post-operative increase in s-TATI concentrations in patients treated by short-term RT but not in long-term RT treated patients In line with previous findings, s-TATI concentrations increased considerably...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:21

... supplementation periods to maintain the subjects’ level of conditioning Betaine supplementation Betaine supplement (B) was given as 1.25 grams (g) of betaine (Danisco Inc., Ardsley, NY) in 300 mL of Gatorade© ... studies of osmolyte-protein interactions: implications for the action of osmoprotectants in vivo and for the interpretation of “osmotic stress” experiments in vitro Biochem 2000, 39:4455-4471 18 Cronjé ... of the International Society of Sports Nutrition 2010, 7:27 http://www.jissn.com/content/7/1/27 associated with exercise Less definitively, betaine’s relationship to choline, methionine, serine,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 23:21

... baseline values) Figure NOx production on the release Effects of nicotinefrom RBL-2H3 of beta-hexosaminidase and Effects of nicotine on the release of beta-hexosaminidase and NOx production from ... Wang CJ: Increased expression of iNOS and c-fos via regulation of protein tyrosine phosphorylation and MEK1/ERK2 proteins in terminal bronchiole lesions in the lungs of rats exposed to cigarette ... a longer term increase in both transcription and translation [3,5,35,36] Cigarette smoke has been shown, however, to cause a reduction in nitrite concentration and iNOS expression in a murine...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:22

... resuscitation but without evidence of intrinsic kidney disease The aim was to investigate the single and combined haemodynamic and renal effects of plasma expansion by infusion of albumin and of the ... in SVRI This finding is in contrast with results of other studies investigating the effects of plasma expansion on haemodynamics in patients with cirrhosis One actually reported an increase in ... apart In our opinion, the observed increase in SVRI was a consequence of resolution of the underlying septic vasodilation rather than an effect of the infused albumin The authors of the second...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:21

... correlation between extrinsic motivation and speaking ability The correlation between intrinsic motivation and speaking ability In 1982, England examined the role of intrinsic motivation in adults’ ... understand and convey communicative purpose by interpreting and performing language functions such as complimenting, reporting, agreeing/disagreeing, predicting, and suggesting and so on Discourse ... motivation and speaking ability Then, studies investigating the effects of oral testing on students’ motivation in learning speaking English and speaking ability are presented Finally, research on...

Ngày tải lên: 24/10/2014, 17:36

... of the spawning season The first involves the number of oocytes that will be developed during any given spawning season and is related to the condition of the fish at the beginning of the reproductive ... energy content of Atka mackerel oocytes To understand the relationship of maternal condition and reproductive output in Atka mackerel, we need to examine the maternal in uence on oocyte energy content ... determination After storage in 10% buffered formalin, the ovarian tissue samples of the wild fish were embedded in paraffin, sectioned to a width of μm, and stained with hematoxylin and eosin Histology...

Ngày tải lên: 04/09/2015, 08:11

... carbon and nitrogen source The strain exhibited the highest enzyme production () in culture medium containing 1.5% of feather concentration Figure 8: Effect of feather concentration on keratinolytic ... valuable in the bioconversion of keratinous wastes; in the detergent, fertilizer, biopolymer, pharmaceutical and animal feed industries; and in leather processing and hydrolysis of prion proteins ... amounts of cysteine, glycine, arginine and phenylalanine Raw feathers, however, are very poorly digested by non-ruminant animals because they contain a high proportion of keratin protein that...

Ngày tải lên: 06/10/2015, 12:58

... results of pH and temperature interaction which showing 30°C and 8.0 as the optimum temperature and pH of cultural medium for keratinase production and feather degradation of C indologenes K14 strain ... Effect of feather concentrations on growth and feather degradation of Chryseobacterium indologenes K14 The effect of different feather concentrations on growth and keratinolytic enzyme production ... concentrations (3% and 5% w/v) may cause substrate inhibition or repression in keratinase production Fig 11 Effect of feather concentration on growth and feather degradation capability of C indologenes...

Ngày tải lên: 06/10/2015, 13:04