effects of castration in young and adult animals

... discriminate between species in nursery [3]. The angle of branch insertion and the number of branches per annual shoot can also be used to discriminate between young individuals of certain populations ... al. the beginning of the growing season, which temporarily involved a growth stop. In Pinus pinaster [31] or in Pinus con- torta [37], climatic conditions like as a year with dry summer increase ... © INRA, EDP Sciences, 2003 DOI: 10.1051/forest: 2002070 Original article Intra- and interspecific variations of polycyclism in young trees of Cedrus atlantica (Endl.) Manetti ex. Carrière and

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... (quinic acid, malic acid), free amino acids (arginine, glutamine) were main solutes in the Q robur seedlings Despite the stimulating effect of elevated CO on leaf osmoregulation, the depressing ... left in the chamber after the cessation of CO injection until the CO com2 pensation point was reached The incorporation of 13 into individual plant parts was determined C 12 h (three plants) and ... elevated CO was in contrast with the stimulation in both A at the leaf and whole plant levels (fig 3) and the intensity of entry of new carbon in the leaves h after the end of the labelling (fig 5)

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21

... system, single zone of activity was evident in the species Staining intensity and resolving power were poor for T superba The R of ’s f a the observed zone were 0.36 and 0.40 for Using the H ... buffer pH (B and H gel gel electrophoresis and electrode buffers) on the resolving power and staining intensities of electromorphs Follwing a conservative approach by altering the pH of the buffer ... affects the charge and separation of enzymes allowing the possibility of increasing the number of zones of enzyme activity It is relevant to note that the R values and f numbers of bands may also

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 23:22

... happened in leaves of Phaseolus [14] but in agreement with results of Barraclough and Leigh [4] where Na was more efficient than Ca and Mg in replacing K and maintaining yield of ryegrass In response ... system of maritime pine seedlings Moreover, potassium and allmacronutrient deficiencies induced different responses in tap and lateral roots in terms of growth, solutes involved in K replacement and ... of roots and shoots by a factor of about to 0.85 %DW and induced visible symptoms of deficiency In birch seedlings, the minimal K content still allowing maximal growth was about 1.2 %DW [7] In

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... for handling and metabolizing double-stranded RNAs. Distinct characteristics of miRNA pathways in plants and animals What is a miRNA? Answering this question is not a simple task, as no single ... precision and phasing of hairpin processing may increase. Shortening of the hairpin to produce a single dened duplex may represent a mature state of plant miRNA evolution. (c) Expansion of miRNA ... existence of similar numbers of evolutionarily emergent miRNA genes. In light of broad transcription across euchromatin of plants and animals [125,126], including substantial amounts of transcribed

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 22:24

... inflammation In individuals with pre-existing lung disease, inhalation of nanoparticles may induce inflammation and exacerbate respiratory and cardiovascular effects through the induction of oxidative ... contained in 6-well plates Cells were seeded in RPMI medium containing 0.1% BSA and penicillin/streptomycin at a density of × 105 cells/ ml and incubated at 37°C, 5% CO2 for hour before washing ... cortical staining In accord with the role of calcium and ROS in the induction of IL-1 expression, both of these factors appeared to play an important role in modulating the F-actin cytoskeleton

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:21

... follow up point. Pain decreased by 3 points in the Activator group, 4 points in the manipulation group, and 3 points in the mobilisation group. A reduction in pain of at least 2 points is considered ... manipulation is a passive and rapid movement of a joint beyond its active and passive limit of movement, but remaining within the limit of the joint's anatomical integ- rity. Participants ... manipulation and four with mobilisation. All instances of side effects were minor and resolved within 1-3 days. Table 7 shows the type and number of adverse effects reported by each group. Use of rescue

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 14:20

... of treatment and risk levels of devel- oping stridor. Only the last two criteria (risk levels of develop- ing stridor and timing of administration initiation) could be extensively evaluated in ... consulting conference abstracts [8,14]. Seven studies were finally selected including 1846 adult patients. Nine hundred and forty-nine patients were included in the steroid group, versus 897 in the ... risk of steroid use remains a source of concern in critical care patients. The side effects of steroid administration to prevent reintubation are unknown and were not investigated clearly in all

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

... in the offspring of old relative to young parents in all treatments The magnitudes of the actual responses to one-generation selection for early and late fecundity in terms of the intensity of ... egg-laying d 7-9, egglaying d 10 or more; total fecundity (over life span), first day of egg laying, last day of egg laying, age of peak fecundity and laying rate (total fecundity/last day of egg ... analysis of genetic trade-offs since adults have a finite amount of resource that may be allocated between fecundity and maintenance The population used here was &dquo;synthetic&dquo;, originating

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:20

... INVESTIGATION OF DIRECT AND INDIRECT EFFECTS OF VARIABLES IN MARKETING DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of Requirements for the Degree in Doctor of Philosophy in the ... implications of such a representation of brand information in memory are studied in two experiments This thesis is geared toward understanding and developing models for measuring direct and ... and test the presence of a memory structure linking benefits with attributes and brands, and show that advertising effectiveness increases when the advertising message taps into an individual's

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2014, 00:42

... Hail, and Leuz 2006) We extend this line of research by examining the effects of various measures of auditor experience on earnings quality and perceptions of earnings quality for both private and ... suggesting that earnings quality declines with audit partner tenure In contrast, using Taiwanese data, Chen, Lin, and Lin (2008) find evidence suggesting that earnings quality increases with audit ... two important questions Finally, we examine the effects of pre-listing audit partner tenure and pre-listing audit firm tenure on earnings quality and perceptions of earnings quality for public

Ngày tải lên: 06/01/2015, 19:41

... Disseminating and educating quality and ethics of Vietnamese women in the cause of national industrialization and modernization- Program 343, The Ministry of Education and Training; Hard-working, ... for ancient women include sewing, embroiling, cooking and trading work. A good woman possesses musical instrument playing, chess playing, poem composing and painting abilities. 8 2. Good appearance: ... categories and principles of the Confucianism: concepts and contents of the “three obediences, four virtues” theory in the development history of the Confucianism in China and Confucianism in Vietnam;

Ngày tải lên: 19/08/2015, 09:33

... deficiencies in cell cycle checkpoint function in breast cancer cells 41 3.1.3 Changes in cell cycle protein expressions in TQ-treated breast cancer cells 44 3.2 DNA damaging effects of TQ in normal and ... anti-neoplastic effects of thymoquinone (TQ), a main active constituent of Nigella Sativa seeds, had been demonstrated in various in vitro and in vivo cancer models with minimal toxicity in normal ... performing dual immunofluorescence staining studies involving the co-localisation of DNA-PKcs with telomere specific probes Studies have validated the promising results of combinatorial therapy by inhibition

Ngày tải lên: 30/09/2015, 13:41

... an insignificant and petty skill. In the early part of twentieth century there was conflict in two factions of China, one wanting to rid China of everything superstitious and unscientific, and ... seen in the skin of healthy females suggesting a greater sensitivity to pain and other somatosensory input in patients of fibromyalgia. (42) Blood flow impedance in the uterine arteries of infertile ... in cervical spine than in lumbar spine where these joints do not exist. As these joints are pseudo joints – essentially exostoses- they have no cartilage intervening and being approximating articulating

Ngày tải lên: 05/10/2015, 19:06

... Industry, Ministry of Transportation, Ministry of Post and Telecommunication, and Ministry of Agriculture The remainder belongs to the Ministry of Health, which include 30 central, 304 provincial and ... and hospitals in particular – by restructuring the financing mechanism, reducing government intervention, and introducing elements of market forces into the health care system These changes in ... changes in the past two decades in the hospital sector are the changes in financing and in managerial structure, through the introduction of user fees and health insurance programmes, and the granting

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2017, 04:31

... improvement in the organization's capabilities for learning and reinforcement of the performance of innovative activities and also creation of innovative potential and the effectiveness of innovative ... that innovation is the process of creating new knowledge and ideas for internal business and pulls the market toward productions and services Innovation is the process of putting our thoughts and ... 334–355 339 Process innovation Process innovation provides a tool for sustaining and enhancing the quality as well as saving costs, and includes adoption of new and enhanced methods of production,

Ngày tải lên: 10/01/2020, 10:39

... Wong, and Chang (2016) used an amended ECM to examine continuance intention to use mobile instant messaging In a study of continuance intention to using web service with ECM including intimacy and ... that influence learners’ continuance intention in MOOC for online collaborative learning in Mainland China The empirical results of the study revealed that the effects of the three ECM factors where ... learning management systems, integration of computer software in teaching and learning Dr Mas Nida Md Khambari is a senior lecturer at the Department of Foundations of Education, Faculty of Educational

Ngày tải lên: 10/01/2020, 10:59

... cytokines, including TNF-a and IL-6 by white adipose tissue (WAT), and the activation of a network of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, including the c-Jun NH 2-terminal kinase (JNK) and inhibitor ... key feature of obesity and links obesity to insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance and even diabetes Features of obesity-induced inflammation include increased production of proinflammatory ... expression of TTP in macrophages and, in turn, TTP plays a key role in nicotine-induced anti-inflammatory effect through destabilization of TNF-a transcripts Since an excess of TNF-a is involved in many...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 22:20

... cytokines, including TNF-a and IL-6 by white adipose tissue (WAT), and the activation of a network of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways, including the c-Jun NH 2-terminal kinase (JNK) and inhibitor ... key feature of obesity and links obesity to insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance and even diabetes Features of obesity-induced inflammation include increased production of proinflammatory ... expression of TTP in macrophages and, in turn, TTP plays a key role in nicotine-induced anti-inflammatory effect through destabilization of TNF-a transcripts Since an excess of TNF-a is involved in many...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... in random walks, taking each step randomly in one of the coordinate directions The probability that a walk of length N will reach a tableau of shape µ in k steps is f µ /nk , since each of the ... pairing of walks, and since wαi has sign −1, these two walks cancel out in (3) The only walks which not cancel in these pairs are the walks which stay within the Weyl chamber, and since w(η) is inside ... ⊂ Zn of all integer points with xi even (since the steps are all in e1 + L), so det L = The covariance form κ is 1/n times the identity since each step has probability 1/n of being in any of the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 08:22