effect of ozone layer depletion on climate

... the discussions it may be concluded that the overall percentage of unsaturation or saturation may not be sole authority to decide cetane number of a biodiesel. The contribution of long straight ... number of straight chain fatty acid methyl esters with carbon number of 6, 10, 12, 14, 16, and 18 increased nonlinearly with carbon number [13]. For mono-alkyl esters of fatty acids, long ignition ... addition G. Knothe observed that the cetane number also depends on the position of the double bond in monounsaturated fatty compounds and increases if the double bond move towards one end of the

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 16:10

... market and con- cluded that unexpected monetary policy actions prompted relatively strong and consistent responses by the stock market but only accounted for a small proportion of the overall ... proportion. An index of less than 1000 implies low concentration whereas an index above 1000 but less than 2000 implies moderate concentration. An index above 2000 implies very high concentration ... further consolidation of the larger banks to encourage competition. This has however, strongly entrenched national distribution of the older estab- lished participants giving them strong market power

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 01:20

... analysis, fatigue behavior of steel weldment Introduction: Welding fabrication is one of the most common joining procedures of metallic structure The vast majority of component fatigue failures take ... Institute of Australia, 2006 6-Zoran D.Perovic, The Weld Profile Effect On Stress Weldments, /Expert Concentration th 15 Factors International Conference (Trends in Research in The Development of Machinery ... There is Table.2 Chemical composition for weld metal type (E6013) often a trade off between stress concentration Component and over all size of weld As the size of the weld Percentage grow so does

Ngày tải lên: 24/05/2014, 20:35

... additional stress-concentration factor due to eccentricity tolerance (used for plate connections only), K ta is the additional stress-concentration factor due to angular mismatch (used for plate connections ... full-penetration welds in one pass on materials up to 1-in thick, depending on laser power and weld speed, with no filler and preparation as simple as precision cutting of the edges. In addition, distortion ... ascertain the stress concentration factor... stressconcentration factor of the actual welded geometry is accounted for in the analysis For the sake of discussion, a modification of the factor A

Ngày tải lên: 24/05/2014, 20:40

... high IDs conditions could not be consi dered as a concatenation of discrete units. Discussion The a posteriori analysis of the errors showed a signif i- cant effect of ID on the ratio of unsuccessful ... location encoding [13-15] and (ii) the control of the final phase of the movement on the basis of visual information about relative target and hand locations [9,16,17]. Surprisingly, the effect of ... defined the duration of the acceleration phase while the time between the peak speed and the end of the point- ing defined the duration of the deceleration phase. The onset of gaze displa cement

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... sizes in 4-month-old control and TGF-β1 mice fed for months with control chow, or chow containing pioglitazone or ibuprofen; B) Evolution of microglia activation with age; C) Effect of anti-inflammatory ... reduction of glia activation caused by pioglitazone and the lack of effect on the thioflavin-S-labeled deposits Conclusions: i) TGF-β1 over-expressing mice may not be an appropriate model of Aβ-elicited ... Neuroinflammation 2004, 1:11 http://www.jneuroinflammation.com/content/1/1/11 Control PIO T+ A T+ B T- C T- D T+ T+ F E T- G T- H Figure 10 Zone-dependence of the effect of pioglitazone on ventricle size Zone-dependence

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... density of the foam may be caused by the destruction of crosslinks by the expansion of the gas during the decomposition of the blowing agent. Effect of Blowing Agent Concentration 20 0.15 ... Concentration (phr) Average Cell Size (mm) Figure 3: Effect of blowing agent concentration on average cell size. Effect of Blowing Agent Concentration 22 Figure 4: Micrographs of natural ... Agent Concentration (phr) Number of Cells Per Unit Volume (cm -3 ) Figure 2: Effect of blowing agent concentration on number of cells per unit volume. 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 481012 Blowing Agent Concentration

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 14:20

... independent on moisture conditions. The reasons of low spruce growth in 1999 are unclear. Probably it can be explained by influence of anomalous environmental conditions during the summer of 1998 ... natural spruce regeneration, too. The increasing dependence of dS r on DBH (i.e. small growth of small trees) in aspen for growing season of 2000 (wet weather conditions) corresponded to the observed ... dendrochronologique / épicéa / tremble / forêt non gérée 1. INTRODUCTION Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) is one of the most important tree species for timber production in the entire zone of

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22

... ("sum of longest diameter and diameter diagonal to it” divided by 2) of at least mm greater than the negative control was considered evidence of sensitization Sensitization to at least one food ... sensitization as a possible mechanism of modification of gene effects has been proposed, where birth order, as an indicator of variations in prenatal exposure, acts independent of the number of siblings ... suggest that modifications of gene expression and function may be more important [5,6] Such modifications of gene expression are thought to result from gene-environment interactions occurring before

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 21:20

... different parts of the world The findings showed no consistent effect of age on PTSD Therefore, it was concluded that PTSD depended upon the social, economic, cultural, and historical context of the disasterstricken ... is concordant with findings indicating that the mean onset age of PTSD is higher among men than among women [23] Page of 12 Although the existence of a combined effect of gender and age on PTSD ... information Thus, the results based on the dimensional approach might be more differentiated This might add some consideration to the ongoing discussion of the preference of dimensional models

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:21

... models by downregulation of both autoimmune and inflammatory components of the disease The aim of this study was to characterize the protective effect of VIP on bone erosion in collagen-induced ... development of treatments for RA Introduction local bone and cartilage destruction and loss of bone mineral density [7] This condition in mice mimics many of the clinical and pathological features of ... inflammation and osteocartilaginous resorption via stimulation of osteoclastic mediators [4,5,9,10] A better understanding of the pathogenesis of bone erosion in RA relates to the discovery of osteoclast-mediated

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:23

... coefficient of variation for embryo production simulated was 0.50 His results showed a small effect of variation in family sizes on rates of response and inbreeding The reduction in response by including ... rate of inbreeding decreased by 4% (Models1 and 2) The effect of the coefficient of variation of embryo yield on the rate of inbreeding was notable By increasing the coefficient of variation by ... years of selection, rates of response and inbreeding were also obtained for the early years (from year to year 15) There was no significant effect of time on the results of comparisons among schemes

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 18:22

... biomechanical effects of shoes on the gait of children Of the two previously published reviews of the effects of children’s shoes, one was published in 1991 [11] and the other focused only on children’s ... flexion/extension, inversion/eversion and abduction/adduction in respect to the proximal segment, while resultant motion of the hallux was reported in two dimensions, primarily flexion/extension ... ‘Subtalar’ rotation was the only range of motion variable to increase in one shoe condition, designed to have greater flexibility, possibly because of the lateral lever arm effect of footwear increasing

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 21:24

... bone marrow cell migration played a role in the development of pulmonary hypertension To demonstrate the effect of CXCR4 shRNA delivery on bone marrow cell migration, we investigated expression ... to demonstrate the relationship between bone marrow cell migration and the development of pulmonary hypertension Therefore, this is the first study to show that migration inhibition of bone marrow ... transplantation of bone marrow cells without shRNA, BMC+S-RNA = transplantation of bone marrow cells with scrambled shRNA, BMC+ CXCR4 = transplantation of bone marrow cells with CXCR4 shRNA Effect of CXCR4

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... University Hospital, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, 17-1 Hyoja3-dong, Chuncheon, Kangwon 200-947, South Korea Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Lee ... located on the surface of type II cells [64] Therefore, suppression of IL-8 receptors by IL-10 may contribute to the prevention of additional type II cell death Third, the effect ... shown in Figure 3B. Figure 2 Effect of 65%-hyperox ia on fetal type II cell a poptosis. (A) Graphical depiction showing detection and quantification of DNA fragmentation analyzed by TUNEL assay

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22

... perfusion and a stimulating effect on tissue regeneration. However, no studies have described the effects on equine tissue perfusion. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of ... showing a correla- tion between the first sensation of non-noxious heat and the onset of cutaneous vasodilatation, and that the vasodilatation correlates better with the sensation of heat compared ... increased perfusion. To the best of our knowledge, no study has been performed on the effects on blood perfusion of defocused CO 2 laser treat- ment in horses. Therefore, comparisons can only be made

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:21

... 7 of 12 effect on the RNA splicing event being monitored [46-48]. Consequently, our observation of marked differ- ences in e ffect of i ndividual CLKs on HIV-1 is one of the first demonstrations ... stantial effect on induction of HIV-1 Gag protein, while chlorhexidine caused a ~4 fold reduction in expression of this viral protein. Evaluation of the dose-response characteristics of chlorhexidine ... findings on the effect of CLK o verexpression on HIV-1 replication revealed that overexpression of individual CLKs had very distinct effects on HIV-1 RNA processing and gene expression. This

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 01:20

... vulnerable to effects of CC. 1)Impacts of CC on Natural Resources: Water sources; Effects of SLR; Land use; Environment; Ecosystems. 2)Impacts of CC on Sectors: Energy; Construction; Transportation; ... Measures Identification of Priority Activities Based on results from Consultations and Sectoral Assessment Report Criteria Development for Prioritization of Adaptation Measures National Stakeholders Consultation Prioritization ... Vietnam in the region and in the world in negotiations on reducing emissions, emission trading, management and utilization of the Adaptation Fund, etc. 2.4 Identification of Adaptation Measures Criteria...

Ngày tải lên: 09/12/2013, 21:15

... 6 4.1 Effects on concentrations 8 4.2 Effects on ecosystems 9 4.3 Economic effects 10 4.4 Effects on temperature and sea level 11 5. Summary and Conclusions 12 6. References 14 1. INTRODUCTION Urban ... the effects of air pollution policies on overall demand for fossil fuels and on the choice of fuels (coal, oil, gas), nor have we considered the effects of caps on black carbon or organic carbon ... to consider carefully the connections between the chemistry of the atmosphere and climate. These connections are complex and their nonlinearity is exemplified by the fact that concentrations of ozone...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 22:20

... Effect of siRNA structure and composition on siRNA–protein complexes We wished to examine further the impact of terminal mismatches and also selected internal mismatches on the interactions of ... function of TRBP in RNAi. Here, we have characterized the interactions of siRNAs that contain terminal mismatches with TRBP and Dicer, and determined the impact of these interac- tions on their ... depen- dence of silencing, to ensure that the differences among the siRNAs that we observed at 10 nm were within the dose-responsive concentration range (Fig. S1). Effect of TRBP or Dicer knockdown on...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20