effect of genetic algorithm and local search

... The effect of each QTL was drawn from a gamma distribution with a shape and scale of 0.4 and 1.66 respectively [1] and had a 50% chance of being positive or negative All simulation Clark et al Genetics ... 80% of the genetic variance and the largest QTL explained 25% of the variation For the 1,000 QTL model, the largest QTL explained 5% of the genetic variation and the top 20 QTL explained 50% of ... amounts of variation, with only a small number of loci having an effect and many loci having no effect [1] Therefore, each of these methods is expected to be suited to different models of variation...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... research examined the effect of ground and pelletized cassava and swine manure compost on soil properties and plant growth The objectives of this research were to: 1) investigate the effect of ... field of the Department of Land Resources and Environment, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University The particle size analyses of the soil samples were performed by the Department of Land Resources ... (ground and pelletized) on soil chemical properties; and 2) investigate the effect of ground and pelletized compost on plant growth and macronutrient accumulation in plants MATERIALS AND METHOD...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:08

... alone and it is dark and rainy at that time? Light and darkness are part of the environment around us and they always have an effect on our way of thinking and our actions In literature, light and ... symbol of life and darkness the symbol of death = 28= Besides, English people also often connect light with goodness, purity and order and darkness with badness, impurity and disorder And of course, ... of hopefulness and hopelessness by using the description of light and darkness One of the most interesting examples for the using of the images of light and darkness to express the contrast of...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 12:59

... order of these OPTs in string-2 Copy the left side of string-2 to form the left side of offspring-2 The right side of offspring-2 is constructed by the OPTs in the right side of string-2 and their ... the SA algorithm several times 9.5 Comparison between the GA and the SA Algorithm Both the GA and the SA algorithm described earlier are stochastic search algorithms They are devised to handle ... cut point Copy the left side of string-1 to form the left side of offspring-1 The right side of offspring-1 is constructed by the OPTs in the right side of string-1 and their sequence is reorganized...

Ngày tải lên: 25/12/2013, 19:15

... binding of InsP6 to PhyAsr (Table 1) Given the absence of structural changes as a function of ionic strength and ligand binding, the effect of ionic strength on catalytic activity is probably not of ... 3789 Effect of ionic strength and oxidation on PhyAsr R J Gruninger et al Table Data collection and refinement statistics for the structures of the low ionic strength and oxidized forms of PhyAsr ... from the Alberta Science and Research Authority and AHFMR This work was funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Alberta Ingenuity, and the Canada Foundation...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... a total volume of 20 lL Reactions were stopped by the addition of 100 lL of 2· Kirby buffer [25] and 80 lL of H2O, and rRNA was obtained by precipitation after two phenol– chloroform extractions ... IMAGEQUANT software, and depurination was calculated by relating the amounts of the small aniline-fragment and 5.8S rRNA and expressing values as a percentage Reassociation and quantification of ricin ... expression levels and, as such, these mutants could not be purified To assess the effect of substitutions made at each of the arginyl residues on catalytic activity of RTA, the ability of each of the purified...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... relationship between the unobserved effect c and the explanatory variables The unobserved effect is called a random effect when there is no correlation and fixed effect when those two are correlated ... social trust and economic performance and thus to contribute to a deeper understanding of economic growth and social trust To achieve this goal the analysis is based on a panel dataset and thus more ... how and to what extend? Who does trust others? The thesis is structured as follows: The first chapter gives an overview of the existing literature and the current state of research The concept of...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 16:20

... Antiviral Program of the Office of the Director of NIH and by AIDS FIRCA Grant TW01001 The contents of this publication not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department of Health and Human ... models of the P1¢ residue of peptides 7, 10, 11 and 14 (Table 4) are shown occupying the S1¢ binding site of wild-type HIV-1 PR suggest that the maximization of the van der Waals interactions of ... Construction and purification of HIV-1 PR mutants Fig Sequence around the NC/p1 and p1/p6 cleavage sites in HIV-1 The sequence of HIV-1IIIB, a member of the B subtype, is shown The P4-P3¢ region of the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 03:20

... Nguyen and Pham: Effects on the Production of Effervescent Artichoke Tea Tablets of 10, 20 and 30% The ability of spray-drying and sensory properties of artichoke powder were evaluated Effect of ... stalk and root was higher than that in the leaf and flower (Table 2) and the total ratio of stalk and root at TN1 and TN2 was at 2.5 while it was only at 2.0 at TN3 and TN4, especially the ratio of ... Experimental design Effect of solvent on total phenolic content of extract Two kinds of solvent were studied in this experiment: water and 10% of 96% (v/v) ethanol in water g of dried artichoke...

Ngày tải lên: 27/02/2014, 22:28

... FEBS 4529 Health protective effects of curcumin and capsaicin H Manjunatha and K Srinivasan Table Effect of dietary curcumin and capsaicin on iron(II)-induced (in vivo) and copper-induced (in vitro) ... formation was 29 and 21% at and 12 h of LDL oxidation, respectively, in this case A decrease in TBARS formation of 37 and 24% was seen at and 12 h of copper-induced LDL oxidation in the case of LDL isolated ... combination of curcumin and capsaicin Thus, the protective effect of the combination of dietary curcumin and capsaicin on LDL oxidation both in vivo and in vitro was greater than that of the individual...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... and what most of us find difficult to put into words in everyday life I have found apt and effective ways to speak and write about love in terms of heart, soul, and spirit Real-life stories and ... those who care for and about us as we grieve, including our family and friends as well as caregiving professionals and volunteers To them it offers un- xiv • Preface derstanding of why finding lasting ... matters of the heart Audiences of grieving persons and professionals have responded with similar enthusiasm to these fruits of years of listening and reflection and encouraged me to bring my thinking...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... PBA plates, and monitored for development Effect of benzamide on the fate of spores formed under HA stress Spores formed after treatment with 2.5 and mm HA in the presence and absence of benzamide ... thanks the Department of Biotechnology, New Delhi for research support (BT ⁄ PR 4651 ⁄ BRB ⁄ 10 ⁄ 356 ⁄ 2004), and J Rajawat thanks the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (New Delhi) for ... different doses (1.0, 2.5 and 4.0 mm) of HA, and shaken at 150 r.p.m at 22 °C for growth [23] Cell death was checked by a Trypan blue exclusion method after 24 h Effect of HA on D discoideum growth...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... the effect of the presence of sequences capable of forming G-quadruplex structures on recombination frequency and the generation of recombinant molecules, taking advantage 2984 of the capacity of ... given as the ratio between the total number of each type of recombinant and the total number of recombinants For columns 4, and 8, mean ± standard deviation of the data is provided Equal recombinants ... repeated only three times instead of four [12]; this differential characteristic allows analysis of the effect of the presence of G-quadruplex structures on the generation of recombinant molecules in...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 23:20

... target and hand positions, velocity, robot force and mouse button status (Tasks B and C only) were sampled at a frequency of 200Hz and used for analysis as well as each subject’s position errors and ... color of the visual distracters, and asking them to name the color of each sheet A total of 14 individuals with left hemiparesis and with right hemiparesis participated in the study The mean age and ... axis), and required a left-to-right motion of about 18 inches long with a “minimum jerk” velocity profile for the target [27] The subject’s hand position (midpoint of the robot’s stick handled...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... al., The effect of abductor muscle and anteriorposterior hip contact load simulation on the in-vitro primary stability of a cementless hip stem Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research 2010, ... alone Axial and torsional loading of the actuator produced distal (Fd), medial (Fm) and anterior-posterior (Fap) loading of the femoral head due to the mounting geometry and the offset between ... group doff was 32 mm, whereas in group it was set at 0.83*dm, (and since dm ranged between 46 and 49 mm, doff therefore ranged between 38 and 41 mm) The Fap was applied in three phases of 1000...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... T-score of 2.3 and a body mass index of 28 kg/m2, which was revised to a THA at two months post-operatively; the other case was in a female patient with a T-score of -2.1 and body mass index of 28 ... model and the explanatory variables of Tscore and body mass index demonstrated that the femoral failure rate could be as high as 87% if a patient has a T-score of -2.4 and a body mass index of 43 ... the effect of bone density and body mass index Thomas P Gross, Fei Liu§ Midlands Orthopaedics, p.a Columbia, SC, USA § Corresponding author Email addresses: TPG: grossortho@yahoo.com FL: feilresearch@gmail.com...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... diameter of nanocone is a monotonous function of height, leading to gradual change of bandgap Graded bandgap structure has an effect on properties of particles and quasi-particles, such as mobility and ... correspond to the size of nanocones (height and diameter of the bottom of the cones are about 10 nm with an error of ± nm) measured using 3D image of AFM An evidence of presence of the exciton quantum ... Figure 2 The “blue shift” of the PL spectra and increase of PL bands’ intensity of Si, Ge, and Si0.7Ge0.3 crystals with increase of the LR intensity due to quantum confinement effect, as shown in Figure...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 22:20

... solutions: chloride, carbonate and phosphate and the combination of them by adding about 0.34 g of ZANDI into a 500 ml of the aqueous solution The accumulated amount of 2,4-D released into the solution ... molar ratio of Figure shows the FTIR spectra of ZAN, ZANDI and 2,4-D The insertion of 2,4-D into the interlayer of ZAN was confirmed by the FTIR spectrum, which is complementary to that of PXRD results ... PXRD results The FTIR spectra of ZANDI obviously show combination features of the FTIR spectra of ZAN the parent material and 2,4-D the guest anion For ZANDI, a band at 3,438 cm-1 corresponds...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 05/08/2014, 15:21

... 10–3M The purpose of the present paper was to determine the effect of gibberellic acid and ethephon on overcoming beechnut dormancy and stimulation of beechnut germination Materials and methods Seeds ... 80 mg·l–1 of ethephon or 40 mg·l –1 of G A3, – seeds chilled for weeks and then treated with 100 mg·l–1 of ethephon or 300 mg·l–1 of GA3, – seeds chilled for weeks and then treated with 120 mg·l–1 of ... 80 mg·l–1 of ethephon or 40 mg·l–1 of GA3, – seeds chilled for weeks and then treated with 100 mg·l–1 of ethephon or 300 mg·l–1 of GA3, – seeds chilled for weeks and then treated with 120 mg·l–1 of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 10:21