dynamic knowledge representation via agent based modeling

... solution: dynamic knowledge representation via agent- based modeling Mathematical modeling and computer simulation offer a translational method for achieving this goal More specifically, computer modeling ... of representing (via graphs, diagrams and flow charts) and testing of these models Agent Based Modeling (ABM) is a computational modeling technique that is object-oriented, rule -based, discreteevent ... Abbreviations ABM: Agent based modeling; ARDS: Adult respiratory distress syndrome; Caco-2: culture human enterocyte line; FURM: functional unit representation method; EBABM: epithelial barrier agent...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:21

... kinematics, based on the IHA, throughout a range of motion during a voluntary motion under active muscle control To date, only two studies have reported in vivo talocrural joint kinematics [23,25], based ... declares that they have no competing interests 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Acknowledgements A presentation based on this work won the Best Paper Award at the 2008 International Foot and Ankle ... 2007, 40:1038-47 Kane TR, Likins PW, Levinson DA: Spacecraft Dynamics New York: McGrawHill Book Company; 1983 Woltring HJ: 3-D Attitude Representation of Human Joints - A Standardization Proposal...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 21:24

... successfully used to study the uptake kinetics of anticancer agents from the perfusion fluid into normal and tumour lung tissue [15,16] To our knowledge, human lung reperfusion settings have not been ... animals [7] For this purpose, the drugs are usually administered intratracheally as solution or via intratracheal nebulization [8] This, however, is not directly comparable to the administration ... persistent, moderate and severe asthma [1,2] Glucocorticoids are the most effective anti-inflammatory agents and inhalation is an efficient way to deposit the compound in the therapeutic target tissue...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:21

... stratification than assessment based on functional (haemodynamic) consequences of PE, and is currently not recommended for prognostic purposes In summary, evaluation of haemodynamic status, signs of ... patients with suspected PE to obviate the need for further imaging tests if the result is positive † Systematic use of echocardiography for diagnosis in haemodynamically stable, normotensive ... create alternative evidence -based algorithms whenever necessary Suspected high-risk pulmonary embolism Although the greatest body of evidence concerns suspected haemodynamically stable, non-high-risk...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 14:20

... authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this publication Contents Acknowledgements iv Abbreviations v Part I Improving the diagnosis and treatment of smear-negative tuberculosis ... followed and is based on evidence from at least one highquality study or several adequate studies with clinical, laboratory or programmatic endpoints Those recommendations which are based on well ... Minimum data elements will include: basic questions about tuberculosis knowledge, attitudes and practices; basic questions about HIV knowledge, attitudes and practices; ranked measurement of availability...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 03:20

... explanations of aging, such as Orgel’s error catastrophe theory and the somatic mutation theory, were based on the idea that aging results from the accumulation of synthetic errors [26,27] Adequate ... lipofuscin forms Here we discuss the involvement of mitochondria and lysosomes in the aging process, based on our opinion that structural alterations and misfunction of these two organelles account ... lysosomes, mainly due to the fact that it is undegradable and cannot be removed from postmitotic cells via exocytosis [31,32] Lipofuscin is a mixture of substances, mainly of protein and lipid origin...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 23:20

... RJ, Koch AE: Interleukin-18 induces angiogenic factors in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue fibroblasts via distinct signaling pathways Arthritis Rheum 2007, 56:1787-97 Yumoto E, Higashi T, ... process involving TNF-alpha-dependent IL-1beta, which in turn induced IL-18 to upregulate VCAM-1 via hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) [16] Moreover, blockade of VCAM-1 with specific antibodies prior to ... to hepatic-derived IL-18 by enhanced Page of 11 proliferation [15] and increased adhesion to HSE via a VLA-4-dependent mechanism [17] In this study, we investigated the effect of RVL on the microvascular...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... the anchor based approach we followed the withinpatient anchor based method.[23] With this approach the minimal important difference of the instrument of interest (HADS) is estimated based on anchors ... scores We used the Effect Size approach as distribution -based method based The Effect Size approach expresses treatment effects as standard deviation (SD) units of change scores (difference between ... distribution -based estimates were within 95% confidence intervals of the anchor -based estimates A likely explanation for the lower estimates is that we used only one study Distribution based methods...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... where possible a generic preference based measure of health status based on general population values should be used to calculate QALYs Generic preference based measures of health status include ... QALYs, it was decided to construct the preference based measure from the 25-item CAMPHOR QoL scale Fewer items are included in a preference based measure as, otherwise, it would require an unmanageable ... This is assumed to be random across observations Modeling health state values The data from the TTO interviews were analysed using two approaches based on aggregate and individual level modelling...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

... unexpected effects [7] One of them is the Short Form 36 (SF36) questionnaire [8], that has an abbreviated version (SF12) [9,10] Since one of the main objectives of the treatment of COPD is to improve ... primary care physicians from all Spanish Autonomous Communities, whose distribution was weighed based on the population distribution of the different Autonomous Communities over the total national ... performed according to the criteria of the Spanish Society of Pneumology and Chest Surgery (SEPAR) based on the demonstration, through a forced spirometry, of a forced expiratory volume in second...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 15:20

... projectors P and Q, respectively, and such that P Q QP P In this case, the system has only trivial solution bounded on R If condition 11 is satisfied, then the nonhomogeneous impulsive system ... we have P PD P DPD By virtue of Theorem 1, we have r and thus the homogenous system has only trivial solution bounded on R Moreover, the nonhomogeneous impulsive system possesses a unique solution ... Q, respectively, and such that P Q QP P Q Then the system is e-dichotomous on R and has only trivial solution bounded on R The nonhomogeneous impulsive system has for arbitrary f t ∈ BC R \ {τi...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 16:20

... show evidence of inflammation on histopathological examination, although thickening of the synovial lining in small joints was observed occasionally (data not shown) Several arthritic BALB/cSCID ... California, USA) In brief, total RNA was isolated from normal or inflamed paws of mice by using TRIzol reagent (Invitrogen, Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA) with additional purification on RNeasy columns (Qiagen, ... and imported into DNA-Chip Analyzer version 1.3 [45] Data were normalized, and expression values, based on the perfect match/mismatch (PM/MM) model, were calculated for each DNA chip All chips were...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:22

... occasional rib fractures [14] Yung et al [15] studied the analgesic effect of morphine infusion via spinal catheter in 40 revascularized patients They found a significant reduction in pain, respiratory ... the pericardium and the mediastinal pleura, and the left phrenic nerve descends between the subclavian artery and left common carotid lateral to the vagus nerve and anterior to the left lung root ... postoperative day 15 Pulmonary function returned to the preoperative baseline on postoperative day 30 Acknowledgements We thank the Procordis Cardiology Hospital Author details Post-graduate Program in...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:21

... oxygen were made The chest was opened via a midline sternotomy, and the heart was suspended in a pericardial cradle Catheters were placed, in the right atrium via the right Figure Schematic diagram ... parameters such as CCO, SVV/SV, SVR This sensor is achieving measurements by pulse contour analysis based on arterial pressure waveform In this way it is possible to avoid the use of Swan Ganz and ... inspection After the completion of the banding, 30 period was allowed for the animal to reach hemodynamic stability before the baseline recordings of pressures, CO, LAD flow and blood gazes measures...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 09:22

... (2001) reported that PC improves cardiac recovery during reperfusion of ischemic conditions [5] Based on the preventive effect of PC in this experimental research, we aimed to investigate the ... mg/kg In RPEG and RPE + PCG, pneumothorax was induced by injecting about ml of air into the thorax via percutaneous route with a 22 gauge cannula which was placed in the right hemithorax The adequacy ... confirmation of right pneumothorax by chest Xray lungs were filled with 10% buffered formalin solution via intratracheal instillation, and were fixed in the same solution Before fixation, one third of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:20

... infection of the skin (the humble boil), through to chronic inflammatory processes resulting in remodeling of the artery wall in atherosclerosis; the bronchial wall in asthma and chronic bronchitis, ... Journal of Inflammation 2004, 1:1 The differential responsiveness to these, and other, therapeutic agents and, indeed, the induction of the inflammatory response in some patients with asthma by aspirin, ... Similarly, glucocorticoids are widely used in the treatment of inflammation Unlike the NSAIDs these agents not relieve pain but reduce inflammation by inhibiting leukocyte function The active ingredient...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:21

... (novel agents currently being developed as pleiotropic anti-cancer agents) may have potential for development as antiinflammatory agents as they reduced ATP-stimulated IL1β production via the ... Stimuli IN INITIATION PROPAGATION Figure Diagrammatic representation of the interplay between inflammatory mediators and cells Diagrammatic representation of the interplay between inflammatory ... processes is anticipated to facilitate the development of novel therapeutic agents capable of modulating inflammation via P2X7R-mediated effects on cell death pathways 3.2.2 P2X7R and cytokine...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:21

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 21:22

... counting or immunohistochemistry In this study we have adapted a previously published methodology based on ELISA to analyse the levels of carbonylated HSA in human lung tissue from COPD patients ... Pulmonary Disease (GOLD) guidelines were used to stratify patients with COPD by disease severity based on measurements of airflow limitation during forced expiration (14, 15) Each stage is determined ... homeostasis of the oxidant/ anti-oxidant balance, where there is a large unmet clinical need Acknowledgements We would like to thank the cardiothoracic team at Guy’s Hospital for their invaluable...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 13:22