drug resistant tb in india

... USA) according to the given instructions IS6110 DNA RFLP fingerprinting and spoligotyping analysis Extraction of genomic DNA from the mycobacterial strains and DNA fingerprinting using IS6110 ... drug only Poly -resistant (not MDR -TB) MDR -TB Total Fully susceptible Resistant to one drug only Poly -resistant (not MDR -TB) MDR -TB Total two M tuberculosis strains (Fig 1) These findings could be ... found to be the dominant strain type in the Delhi region of India [25] These strains showed highly similar IS6110 RFLP patterns thus also forming a certain branch Beijing infection (%) 124 35...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 18:20

... Drug- Resistant TB, Treating TB in Context, Overview of TB and MDR TB in India, Setting the Stage, 10 Organization of the Report, 11 DRUG- RESISTANT TB IN INDIA The Burden of TB and MDR TB in India, 14 Plans ... Solutions in India: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the Indian Nation 14 DRUG- RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS IN INDIA described the current status of TB and MDR TB in India and ... Facing the Reality of Drug- Resistant Tuberculosis: Challenges and Potential Solutions in India: Summary of a Joint Workshop by the Institute of Medicine, the Indian Nation Drug- Resistant TB in India1 ...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 11:20

... multi -drug resistant Tb (MDR -TB) even to the point of such patient losing the ability to perform every-day activities, as well as his progress in a pulmonary rehabilitation program, taking into ... obtained from the Unit of Research in Sanitary Services (IMIM) in Spain After the initial evaluation conducted by the whole interdisciplinary team, an intervention program was established, using ... patient continues being a center of infection in the community and can lead to the dissemination of resistant forms The risk factors for the development of resistance include inhabiting endemic...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 03:20

... from India[ 12] by extending their 3' ends Our study was designed to obtain preliminary data on the frequency of drug- resistant variants of HIV-1 in a North Indian population We performed genotyping ... strains would aid design of optimal drug regimens and clinical management Our study was designed to obtain preliminary data on the frequency of drug- resistant variants in a treatmentnaive North Indian ... zidovudine-based combinations in India, future studies on this issue should assess the transmission pattern of clade C drug- resistant variants, which are prevalent in India In contrast to codon...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... anti -TB property of V5 revealing negative smear conversion in 96.3% of treated subjects [8] Our study was, thus, aimed to verify these findings in an independent clinical setting at our TB hospital ... TB drugs used in this arm are abbreviated as follows: Isoniazid (H), Rifampicin (R), Pyrazinamide (Z), Ethambutol (E), Streptomycin (S), Ofloxacin (O), Amikacin (A), Capreomycin (C), Para-aminosalicylic ... to TB drugs the efficacy of immunebased therapy on drug- resistant TB is considered to be the same as against drug- sensitive strains [34] In our hands V5 seemed to be equally effective against...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 08:21

... extensive in DS TB patients as compared to MDR TB patients (Table Imaging Findings Chest Radiographic Findings The radiographic findings of the three patient groups with TB are summarized in Tables ... significant difference in the radiographic findings between MDR TB and XDR TB patients CT Findings The CT findings of the three patient groups with TB are summarized in Tables and For XDR TB patients, ... the radiological findings of XDR pulmonary TB and to compare the observed findings with findings of DS TB and non-XDR MDR TB in non-AIDS patients MATERIALS AND METHODS Our Institutional Review...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... number of hospitalizations sensitive strain sensitive strain resistant strain resistant strain sensitive strain resistant strain sensitive strain resistant strain 20,700 22,700 25,100 25,100 313 420 ... zero, a single infection (which is either drug sensitive or drug resistant) is introduced into a fully susceptible population On day 21, a second introduction follows (again drug sensitive or resistant) ... of resistance, however, increasingly replaces the drug sensitive strain because the latter is continuously eliminated by treatment The dominance of the resistant strain depends on when its importation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... Hematoxylin and eosin staining (original magnification, ×25) shows extensive infiltration of inflammatory cells within the cavity wall The bronchial epithelium is severely desquamated with some intact ... cells infiltration are found in the bronchial wall and Ziehl-Neelsen staining (photograph in the rectangle, ×1000) detected some Mycobacterium tuberculosis bacilli in caseum (Hematoxylin and eosin ... replaced with a severe inflammatory cell infiltrate AFB were detected in the caseum inside the bronchus (Figure 2B), indicating that this bronchus was connected to the neighboring cavity Several...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 12:20

... M41LM, and A62V One drug resistant mutation (L74V) changed to V75T The NNRTI drug resistant mutations lost in strains, including K103N, K101*EKQ, Y181C and V108FILV drug resistant mutations (V108I ... lost in one HIV-1 variant, and emergent in another HIV-1 variant K103N mutation was lost in one variant after coculture The NRTI drug resistant mutations lost in strains after coculture, including ... elevated levels of HIV in their blood (viral load)[14] We determined the coreceptor usage of 13 drug resistant variants based the GHOST cell line Interesting, there were 8(61.5%) drug resistant variants...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:20

... drug- resistant strains is not well understood, but may be influenced by immune recognition of epitopes containing key resistance mutations CD8+ T cells from individuals harboring multi -drug- resistant ... responses control replication of drugresistant HIV-1 in vivo, and whether they can be induced in HIV-infected patients as a protective measure against the emergence of drug- resistant viral variants is ... years [16] In vivo depletion of CD8+ T cells in macaques infected with live, attenuated SIV leads to a marked increase in viremia indicating a critical role for these cells in controlling virus...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:20

... DK, Singh MK, Singh VP, Sharma S, Makharia A, Kumar PC, Murray HW: Failure of pentavalent antimony in visceral leishmaniasis in India: report from the center of the Indian epidemic Clin Infect ... genes showing a highly stable expression in wild-type and resistant strains: LinJ18_V3.0630/ LmjF18.0620 encoding a putative 60S ribosomal protein L10a, and LinJ36_V3.0850/LmjF36.2500 encoding a ... Nonetheless, modulation in RNA levels without changes in copy number of a gene is an infrequent event in drug resistant Leishmania The use of both L infantum and L major MTX resistant mutants validated...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 20:22

... in combination against clinical strains of extreme drug- resistant Acinetobacter baumannii to all antibiotics including polymyxin B in Singapore” 20th European Conference on Microbiology and Infectious ... S, Tan TT, Hsu LY, Kwa AL In- vitro activity of polymyxin B, rifampicin, tigecycline alone and in combination against carbapenem -resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in Singapore PLoS One 2011 Apr ... TP et al (May 2010) “Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modelling of polymyxin B, rifampicin and tigecycline against pandrug -resistant Acinetobacter baumannii in an in- vitro model” 20th European...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 09:22

... graduation in 1975, and his specialty training in Internal Medicine in 1985 He has well over 16 years of experience as a consultant physician His primary research interest is in neuroepidemiology Arindam ... Medical College, Calcutta, India and had further graduate training in otolaryngology and public health between 1993-1999 He had clinical and postgraduate training in medicine and public health from ... progression to hypertension is high Incidentally the previous study has shown increasing prevalence of coronary artery disease among young in India [26] The younger people in India are stressed out because...

Ngày tải lên: 02/11/2012, 11:12

Ngày tải lên: 02/02/2013, 14:56

... [8] Ministry of Power, Government of India, (www.powermin.nic .in) [9] All India Electricity Statistics-General review, Ministry of Power, Government of India, New Delhi, 2008, (www.cea.nic .in) ... working as Reader in Department of Mechanical Engineering at Faculty of Engineering & Technology, Jamia Millia Islamia University, New Delhi, INDIA His research areas are Thermal Engineering, ... from IIT Roorkee (India) He is presently working as an Assistant Professor in Department of Mechanical Engineering at National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur, India His area of interest is solar...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 15:28

... Biochemical Engineering in 1958 for the first time, a workshop celebrating twenty years of Biochemical Engineering Training and Research in India was jointly held at Jadavpur in 1978 [1] The initial ... Chemical Engineering, leading to degrees in respective disciplines According to a report on Planning Biotechnology Manpower in India [4], the majority of trained personnel are engaged in three principal ... Research Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology Indian Institute of Chemical Biology Indian Institute of Science Indian Institute of Technology Institute of Microbial Technology Indo-Swiss...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 02:20

... in India, ” unpublished report to USAID /INDIA Johnson, F Catherine, 1996, “Violence Against Women in India: The Law as Protector?,” paper presented at the Association of Women in Development International ... HIV/AIDS epidemic in India is spreading rapidly and increasingly will affect women’s health in coming years A recent study estimated that between and million Indians are currently infected with HIV ... element in improving the overall health of Indian women Increasing the use of contraceptives is one way to reduce fertility While the knowledge of family planning is nearly universal in India, ...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 06:20

... same drug Resistance to kanamycin or amikacin induces also resistance to streptomycin FLUOROQUINOLONES Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Sparfloxacin induce complete cross-resistance for all fluoroquinolones ... drugs due to poor management; especially when Rifampicin is available as a single drug Use of one or two drugs when three or four standard drugs should be given Use of TB drugs (or drug combinations) ... control the MDR TB epidemic Only curing a very high proportion of patients with ordinary Pulmonary TB at the first attempt and using combination rugs not single drug tablets in clinics and hospitals...

Ngày tải lên: 15/02/2014, 12:20

... concludes The Indian Context and Redistribution 2.1 Banking in India Government planning and regulation were key components of India post-independence s development strategy, particularly in the …nancial ... the Reserve Bank of India, Directory of Commercial Bank O¢ ces in India 1800-2000 (Volume 1), Mumbai These data include the opening (and closing) date of every bank branch in India, as well as ... were merged to form the Imperial Bank of India, later renamed the State Bank of India, which became and continues to be the largest bank in India Following independence, both public and private...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 03:20

... * Working Paper 49/2009 MNEs and Export Spillovers: An Analysis of Indian Manufacturing Industries Chiara Franco and Subash Sasidharan * Working Paper 50/2010 Reforming Indirect Taxes in India: ... no investments to sustain or improve the recreational services provided by the park, such as walking and picnicking A monthly Payment vehicle in Indian Rupees identified Rs 1.5, increase in through ... Cambridge University Discussion paper no 43(2009) Introduction The Ganga is a major river in India, flowing east through northern India into Bangladesh Its basin covers 861,404 km2, which is approximately...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 01:20