drug resistant and persistent tuberculosis mechanisms and drug development

... TB = drug- sensitive tuberculosis, MDR TB = multidrug -resistant tuberculosis, XDR TB = extensively drug- resistant tuberculosis, SD = standard deviation Numbers in parentheses are median, standard ... Numbers in parentheses are percentages DS TB = drug- sensitive tuberculosis, MDR TB = multidrug -resistant tuberculosis, XDR TB = extensively drug- resistant tuberculosis, GGO = ground-glass opacity Korean ... represent mean standard deviation of involved zones Numbers in parentheses are median, standard error and range DS TB = drug- sensitive tuberculosis, MDR TB = multidrug -resistant tuberculosis, XDR...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 18:20

... maternal and neonatal drug resistance profiles pointed to two different mechanisms of acquisition of resistant variants by infants in the perinatal period (Figure 4) First, the infant could acquire drugresistant ... Morand-Joubert L: Transmission of multidrugresistant HIV-1: years of immunological and virological survey Aids 2007, 21:1365-1367 Ghosn J, Pellegrin I, Goujard C, Deveau C, Viard JP, Galimand ... 1999 [13] and in 19.1% of such infants born in 2001 and 2002 [14] In France, between 1997 and 2004, the estimated MTCT rate was 1.8% (92 newborns) Here we report the current rate of HIV-1 drug resistance...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:22

... Lipases and Phospholipases in Drug Development From Biochemistry to Molecular Pharmacology Edited by Günter Müller and Stefan Petry Lipases and Phospholipases in Drug Development Edited ... K F Meijer (Eds.) Drug Targeting 2001 ISBN 3-527-29989-0 Lipases and Phospholipases in Drug Development From Biochemistry to Molecular Pharmacology Edited by Günter Müller and Stefan Petry Dr ... Lipid Composition on sPLA2-triggered Drug Release and Absorption 48 Effect of Temperature on Liposomal Drug Release and Absorption by sPLA2 49 Liposomal Drug Release as a Function of sPLA2 Concentration...

Ngày tải lên: 17/02/2014, 05:20

... characterizing the kinetic and biophysical properties of the two putative glutamate racemases, RacE1 and RacE2 from B cereus and B anthracis, and will utilize kinetic and biophysical information ... help understanding HIV-1 protease resistance pathways and in developing more efcient inhibitors of known drug resistant mutants B1-018P Glutamate carboxypeptidase II as a cancer marker and therapeutical ... the IAA, ANA and without added phytohormones The best auxin concentration for callus development was determined to be 0.5 mg/l And the best condition medium for callus development and proteolytic...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 15:20

... Alex Absorption and drug development : solubility, permeability, and charge state / Alex Avdeef p cm Includes index ISBN 0-471-42365-3 (Cloth) DrugsDesign DrugsMetabolism Drug development Absorption ... chemistry space, and especially that clinically useful drugs appear to exist as small tight clusters in chemistry space: Absorption and Drug Development: Solubility, Permeability, and Charge State ... log PI , and log D7:4 Gold Standard for Drug Molecules / 59 PARTITIONING INTO LIPOSOMES 5.1 5.2 5.3 22 Tetrad of Equilibria and Surface Ion Pairing (SIP) / 67 Databases / 69 Location of Drugs Partitioned...

Ngày tải lên: 10/04/2014, 10:58

... contrasts benefits and risks of usual care versus the expected benefits and risks of the trial after pooling all arms, and that the decision point always comes before randomization and hence is independent ... improving efficiency in drug development, possibly reducing the cost of pharmaceuticals [32], and identifying those drugs that are most likely to be clinically useful and of positive social value ... about these drugs R252 From an industry perspective the drug development process must involve ‘designing for success’ (Fig 1) In a well established set of procedures company consultants and staff...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:23

... (Kohno and Suzuki, 1999) The density of tetracycline resistant bacteria was also determined The density of - 322 - Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol 8, No.4, 2010 tetracycline resistant ... treatment plant effluent (10 mg/L), and rain water (5 and 10 mg/L) More than 20% degradation was observed in all Lake Tedori water and Unoke River water samples and rain water sample (1 mg/L) 100 ... samples (1, 5, and 10 mg/L), all deionized water samples, and Unoke River water samples (5 and 10 mg/L), after d of incubation However, the density decreased in all rain water samples and the Unoke...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 10:15

... cells (WC1-N1), and naive B cells (sIgM) - were 56.4% for mastitissusceptible and 88.3% for mastitis -resistant cows The proportions of mammary gland mononuclear cells from mastitis -resistant cows ... Mastitis -resistant and susceptible cows 35 Table Total number of DQA alleles and number of DQA alleles of the two major subtypes (DQA-W1 and DQA-A5) carried by mastitis-susceptible and resistant cows ... antigens in MGS and peripheral blood between mastitis -resistant and susceptible cows using SAS (version 8.2, SAS Institute, NC, USA) Statistical testing was conducted at α = 0.05 and P values under...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 17:22

... leaves by wounding The purpose of this study was to understand the mechanisms of interaction between Malus and E amylovora in resistant and susceptible apple cultivars The results will aid in the ... to E amylovora, and facilitate development of molecular tools for marker-assisted selection Results To elucidate the molecular and biochemical mechanisms involved in resistance and susceptibility ... whereas red and blue lines E amylovora-inoculated "cv G41" and "cv M.26", respectively X-axis represents hours post inoculation (hpi) and y-axis relative gene expression (see Materials and Methods)...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:21

... TMEV-IDD susceptible and resistant strands of mice following infection with the virus In this study, the TLR mRNA expression profiles of the TMEV-IDD susceptible SJL/J and resistant C57BL/6 mice ... (or absence) is discussed and often implicated in various model of immune diseases such as lupus, arthritis and MS (see Ehlers and Ravetch[13] and Papadimitraki, Bertsias and Boumpas[6] for reviews) ... of the viral genome (TLR3 and TLR7) and multiple other TLRs that could be involved in autoimmune processes The direct link between TLRs and the autoimmune and other mechanisms involved in the...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:21

... the data analysis and Dr Ulrich Melcher, Dr Steve Marek, Dr Andrew Mort and Dr Niranjani Jambunathan for their comments and suggestions 20 21 22 References Heagle AS: Ozone and crop yield Annual ... light and 14 hours of darkness and ambient O3 levels (25– 30 nmol mol-1) for fifty days Plants were maintained in 2-inch pots and each pot had 1–2 plants Pots were placed on a plastic tray and ... the one and six-hour time points and three replicates for the 12-hour time point There were three biological replicates of JE154 hybridizations for the one and six hour time points, and two replications...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:20

... sepsis and septic shock); ii) acute coronary syndrome (myocardial infarction and unstable angina); and iii) all other admission diagnoses This division was made due to the fact that sepsis and acute ... contributions IG conceived and organized the study, participated in patients' inclusion and follow-up, performed statistical analyses, analyzed results and wrote the manuscript AVB and VG participated ... diabetes and hyperglycaemia on infectious disease hospitalisation and outcome Diabetologia 2007, 50:549-554 Christiansen C, Toft P, Jorgensen HS, Andersen SK, Tonnesen E: Hyperglycaemia and mortality...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 10:02

... BANKCARD AND ACTUAL STATE OF AGRIBANK CARDS 2.1 Introduction of Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (Agribank) - Thanh Xuan branch .9 2.1.1 Foundation and development ... Vietnam Bank for Agriculture and Rural Development (Agribank) - Thanh Xuan branch 2.1.1 Foundation and development of Agribank Thanh Xuan In 2007, Vietnam Bank for Agriculture Development - Thanh Xuan ... use the card within demand deposit account balance and/ or overdraft for payments of merchandises or services or for cash withdrawal/advance and other services at ATM/EDC and other cash disbursement...

Ngày tải lên: 09/11/2012, 15:31

... Structure and Financial Development Box 4.5 Standards Assessments and Financial Sector Development Standards assessments can inform development assessments Sectoral reviews, plus an understanding ... state of development and the soundness of sectors, are needed to inform standards and stability assessment The standards, codes, and core principles that are important for the sound and efficient ... 72 Stability and Development: Complementarities Despite the Different Perspective Chapter 4: Assessing Financial Structure and Financial Development development dimension Notwithstanding the overlap...

Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 05:15

... to the proper development of the child The details of embryonic development and mechanisms of cell differentiation differ between plants, fungi, protists, and various invertebrate and vertebrate ... muscles, or glands, survive Other brain cells die Sometimes just parts of cells die off For instance, many more synapses are formed than needed between neurons and other neurons, muscles and glands Those ... muscles and glands Those synapses that are used remain and get stronger, the other synapses detach, and the axons shrivel and die Which brain cells and which of their synapses survive depends on their...

Ngày tải lên: 26/12/2013, 01:18

... 12 13 What is a "gap" analysis as it pertains to training Have you performed a needs assessment? And, if so, what steps did you take What are the benefits of providing just in time training? You ... are the elements of a successful training program What topics would you include in a supervisory development training program? What items of information should be included in the orientation training ... training for new employees? What is "distance learnin"? What role can "distance learning" play in the development of our employees? ...

Ngày tải lên: 17/01/2014, 03:20

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 12:20