dna damage response and human aging

... radiosensitivity of human glioma cell lines Although repair mechanisms such as homologous recombination and nonhomologous end-joining are important mammalian responses to double-strand DNA damage, cell ... affected by DNA damage, and a cell’s radiosensitivity depends on cell cycle position and progression [22] Conventionally, the G2/M phase is the that are formed by various human lung and bladder ... double-strand DNA damage and complex with other important repair molecules g-H2AX is required for foci formation for numerous factors including p53, MRN complex (MRE-11, RAD50, and NBS1), and BRCA1...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20

... which DNA- PKcs is a member (DNA- PKcs, PCNA, PARP, Ku70, Ku86, and TRBP) Thus, DNA- PKcs demonstrates an increased rank when consideration is refocused toward protein interactions involved in DNA damage ... neighborhood network restricted to DNA damage repair response The 3-core representation of the G2* second neighborhood network restricted to DNA damage repair response Shown is the result of clustering ... Tax-binding proteins and their neighbors and second-neighbors, and DNA- PK was selected, through our functional clustering approach, whereas other equally critical damage response proteins were...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 05:21

... ATM, ATR and DNA- PKcs Role of Nbs1 in DNA damage checkpoint control The similar clinical phenotypes of AT, NBS and ATLD suggested that the MRN complex functions in the same DNA damage response ... kinase, ATR, and the catalytic subunit of DNA- dependent protein kinase (DNA- PKcs), respectively This conserved motif found in Nbs1, ATRIP and Ku80 thus appears to be important for DNA damage responses ... recruitment of ATM to the region of DNA strand breakage and in thr activation of ATM in a manner dependent on DNA strand breaks Whether ATM directly recognizes or senses DNA strand breaks, or whether it...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 13:20

... Labeling DNA Damage with Terminal Transferase I LABELING DNA BREAKS USING TERMINAL TRANSFERASE (TUNEL ASSAY) Walker et al Labeling DNA Damage with Terminal Transferase Labeling DNA Damage with ... of DNA Damage: Methods and Protocols Edited by: V V Didenko © Humana Press Inc., Totowa, NJ Walker et al Fig Patterns of DNA fragmentation in apoptosis (A) DNA extracted from control (lane 1) and ... single stranded DNA molecules containing a 3'-OH and will attach nucleotides to a single-strand nick in DNA This is particularly useful since many single-strand breaks are also introduced into DNA...

Ngày tải lên: 11/04/2014, 09:47

... Following DNA damage recognition, downstream DNA repair proteins (XPA, RPA, TFIIH complex, ERCC1/XPF and XPG) are recruited to the DNA damage recognition complexes in both TCR and GGR to remove the damage ... bulky DNA damage that is repaired mostly by the nucleotide excision repair system (NER) Cellular response to cisplatin -DNA damage involves the induction of DNA repair proteins to initiate DNA repair ... cisplatin is co-administered with sodium arsenite Cisplatin is a DNA damaging agent and p53 is implicated in platinum -DNA damage response [36] P53 is frequently mutated in ovarian cancer [45] The...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 07:20

... checkpoint responses; however, the processing of many of these DNA structures generates single-stranded DNA, the salient intermediate in the DNA- damage checkpoint response In fact, double-strand DNA ... and because essential genes can be used in the assay Pan et al [4] take a wide view of the DNA- damage response, and include DNA replication, cell-cycle checkpoints and other contributors to DNA ... DNA damage, and this was indeed the case for the transcriptional repressor Crt1 and components of the ribonucleotide reductase complex (Rnr2, Rnr3 and Rnr4), which is induced in response to DNA...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 17:22

... in response to DNA damage may be a consequence of their inability to be ubiquitinated Lysine residues 280 and 284 are ubiquitinated in response to DNA damage Since Tax is ubiquitinated in response ... (upper Tax band) to total Tax (upper and lower Tax bands) for both unirradiated and UV irradiated cells These results demonstrate that mono-ubiquitination of Tax occurs following DNA damage and that ... residues 280 and 284 are required for ubiquitination of Tax in response to DNA damage and further implicate these residues as being essential for nuclear export of Tax Lysine residues 280 and 284...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 06:20

... of DNA damage is coupled to a specific DNA repair pathway as well as the cell cycle regulatory apparatus Certain types of Checkpoint and Coordinated Cellular Responses to DNA Damage 73 DNA damage ... types of DNA damage and defective in certain checkpoint responses Although the methylations of H3 and H4 are not induced by DNA damage, the changes in chromatin structure after DNA damage might ... substrate of ATM and ATR during DNA damage and DNA replication checkpoint responses J Biol Chem 279:53353–53364 You Z, Kong L, Newport J (2002) The role of single-stranded DNA and polymerase alpha...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 21:20

... causes DNA damage in hepatocytes Transplant Proc 26, 907–909 Moller P, Loft S, Lundby C & Olsen NV (2001) Acute hypoxia and hypoxic exercise induce DNA strand breaks and oxidative DNA damage in humans ... As both hypoxia and reoxygenation have been reported to induce DNA damage [30–32], we examined the effects of pyruvate addition during hypoxia and after reoxygenation on DNA damage HepG2 cells ... in the number of DNA strand breaks (e.g radiotherapy and alkylating agents) Pyruvate might thus reduce the efficiency 5194 E Roudier et al of treatment by limiting DNA damage and favoring repair...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... strength and Mg2+ on the activity and specificity of OGG1, we measured the apparent values of k2 and k3 under conditions of low salt (KPi only) and no Mg2+, low salt and 20 mm Mg2+, and high salt ... 8-oxoG THF is a good ligand for Fpg and OGG1, with their affinity for THF-containing DNA closely paralleling the affinity for 8-oxoG-containing DNA [23,26], and these particular ligands have been successfully ... (B) Dissociation constants for binding of Fpg (1, 2) and OGG1 (3–6) to THF:C and THF:A ligands (denoted C and A, and represented by white and black circles, respectively) determined from the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 18:20

... Experimental procedures cDNA cloning and DNA constructs cDNAs of the human genes, ER and POLDIP3 (both isoforms) corresponding to their coding sequences (including 4736 the first ATG and stop codons) ... the ER and POLDIP3 genes Array of 76 polyA+ RNA samples isolated from various human adult and fetal tissues and cancer cell lines was hybridized with the radiolabeled ER cDNA probe (A) and after ... the expression profiles of the human ER and POLDIP3 genes The array of polyA+ RNA isolated from 61 different human adult tissues, seven human fetal tissues and eight human cancer cell lines that...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 05:20

... in human cells In the present study, we confirmed the existence of SMO5 in human normal and tumor cell lines SMO5 cDNA was subcloned and sequenced, and active protein was produced, purified and ... spermine oxidase in gastric and lung epithelial cells by Helicobacter pylori and tumor necrosis factor-a, respectively, has been linked to increased ROS production and DNA damage [29,30], thus implicating ... evidence that SMO directly induces DNA damage via H2O2-related oxidative stress, and that this damage renders the cell more sensitive to subsequent radiation exposure and apoptosis [28] Furthermore,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 05:20

... cellular context and the extent of DNA damage – which determines whether or not damage is reparable – the activated DDR can trigger different cellular responses Mild DNA damage is usually handled through ... p73 and HIPK2 in apoptosis N Bitomsky & T G Hofmann Fig Regulation of DNA damage- induced cell death by p53 and HIPK2 Genotoxic stress-induced DNA damage facilitates activation of the DNA damage- activated ... response to DNA damage In the past decade, numerous pathways and molecular players responsible for controlling DNA damage- induced apoptosis have been identified, including sensors, mediators and...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 03:20

... Why genome maintenance? DNA- damage signaling and cellular responses DNA- repair mechanisms Genome maintenance and aging 91 93 98 105 140 Genome instability and accerated aging 151 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 ... Premature aging Validity of accelerated -aging phenotypes Genome maintenance and accelerated aging in mice Conclusions x CONTENTS The aging genome 181 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 183 198 223 229 DNA damage DNA- sequence ... aging: a random affair 12 17 23 The logic of aging 27 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 28 36 39 47 52 Aging genes Pleiotropy in aging Interrupting the pathways of aging Longevity-assurance genes Somatic damage...

Ngày tải lên: 11/06/2014, 10:21

... [14-16] Oxaliplatin and cisplatin share the similar mechanism, and cause mono-adducts and intra-strand or inter-strand cross-links in the double DNA helix that severely block DNA synthesis [17-19] ... an indicator for poor treatment response and shorter survival in patients of above settings DNA polymeraseh is coded by POLH gene which is one of the 150 human DNA repair genes, whose defection ... of the study RZL and HZZ reviewed the IHC slices ZQW and YHL participated in the statistical analysis RHX conceived of the study, and participated in its design and coordination and helped to draft...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 16:20

... cells cope with DNA damage and the manner in which a defective DNA damage response can lead to human disease and aging The types and sources of DNA damage All livings cells of the human body have ... Table Human diseases and syndromes caused by defective DNA repair DNA Repair, Human Diseases and Aging 33 Conclusions and future directions Much of our current understanding of mammalian DNA damage ... lead to DNA lesions which trigger DNA damage checkpoint response and DNA repair signalling The accumulation of unrepaired/unrepairable DNA damage within cells leads to a sustained DNA damage checkpoint...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 19:20

... cells cope with DNA damage and the manner in which a defective DNA damage response can lead to human disease and aging The types and sources of DNA damage All livings cells of the human body have ... Table Human diseases and syndromes caused by defective DNA repair DNA Repair, Human Diseases and Aging 33 Conclusions and future directions Much of our current understanding of mammalian DNA damage ... lead to DNA lesions which trigger DNA damage checkpoint response and DNA repair signalling The accumulation of unrepaired/unrepairable DNA damage within cells leads to a sustained DNA damage checkpoint...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 03:20

... 87(15):5837–5841 18 DNA Repair − On the Pathways to Fixing DNA Damage and Errors Holmes, AM & Haber, J (1999) Double-strand break repair in yeast requires both leading and lagging strand DNA polymerases, ... locally unwound DNA (Bell and Dutta, 2002; Dutta and Bell, 1997) and promoting the assembly of the multienzyme complexes required 26 DNA Repair − On the Pathways to Fixing DNA Damage and Errors for ... (Chk1 and Chk2, respectively), and resulting in DNA repair (Matsuoka et al., 2007; Shrivastav et al., 2008) 3.4.3 DNA damage checkpoints and cancer A number of studies have shown that the DNA damage...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 05:20

... between initial DNA damage, measured as DSB, and RIA Ionizing radiation (IR) kills cells by damaging the structure and function of genomic DNA The response of cells to this damage and their ability ... Ruiz de Almodovar JM: DNA damage and prediction of radiation response in lymphocytes and epidermal skin human cells Int J Cancer 1998, 76:354-361 Saavedra MM, Henriquez-Hernandez LA, Lara PC, Pinar ... tables and figures and has been involved in type of packaging likewise in the submission process PCL has been involved in conception and design of the study and in drafting the manuscript and has...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 09:20