disorders of anterior pituitary gland ppt

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 09:37

... Chapter 099. Disorders of Hemoglobin (Part 1) Harrison's Internal Medicine > Chapter 99. Disorders of Hemoglobin Disorders of Hemoglobin: Introduction Hemoglobin ... fetal, and adult life (Fig. 99-1). Each consists of a tetramer of globin polypeptide chains: a pair of α- like chains 141 amino acids long and a pair of β-like chains 146 amino acids long. The major ... alter clinical behavior. Function of Hemoglobin To support oxygen transport, hemoglobin must bind O 2 efficiently at the partial pressure of oxygen (P O2 ) of the alveolus, retain it, and release...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Thalassemias—defective biosynthesis of globin chains A. α-Thalassemias B. β-Thalassemias production of individual globin chains, leading to premature destruction of erythroblasts and RBC. Thalassemic ... combine features of thalassemia (e.g., abnormal globin biosynthesis) and of structural hemoglobinopathies (e.g., an abnormal amino acid sequence). Hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin ... hemoglobin (HPFH) is characterized by synthesis of high levels of fetal hemoglobin in adult life. Acquired hemoglobinopathies include modifications of the hemoglobin molecule by toxins (e.g., acquired...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... incubating one V5 ASG in 0.3 mL of Grace’s medium for 48 h (V5 CM). When the CM of one gland had less than 1 unit of the activity, the number of glands cultured in 0.3 mL of medium was increased to ... form of ecdysteroid. The induction of PCD by 20E has been extensively studied in the salivary glands of Drosoph- ila melanogaster [1], the intersegmental muscles [2] and prothoracic glands of Manduca ... silk glands (ASGs) of Bombyx mori [4,5]. The B. mori ASG is a tubular organ consisting of a single layer of cells, and acts as a spinning apparatus for secreting silk thread, which is composed of...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 00:20

... the GFP–PrP C fusion protein. Ventrocaudal view with the anterior part of the pituitary removed. Bar equals 0.5 mm. (B) Western blot ana- lysis of lysates of NILs and anterior lobes (ALs) derived from black- adapted ... Steady-state levels of the GFP–PrP C fusion pro- tein, POMC, and p24d 1 ⁄ 2 in the pituitary cells of black- and white-adapted Xenopus From the Xenopus pituitary (consisting of the pars ner- vosa, ... Overbeeke AP & McStay BF (1977) Synth- esis, storage and release of MSH in the pars intermedia of the pituitary gland of Xenopus laevis during back- ground adaptation. Can J Zool 55, 922–927. 24...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 14:20

... Presence of membrane ecdysone receptor in the anterior silk gland of the silkworm Bombyx mori Mohamed Elmogy, Masafumi Iwami and Sho Sakurai Division of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Natural ... control of the breakdo wn of t he intersegmental mus- cles of silkmoths. J. Insect Physiol. 11, 601–610. 12. Ozeki, K. (1968) Experimental studies on the regression of the vertebrate glands of the ... completion of PCD is accomplished during t he first 8 h of 20E challenge, but withdrawal of 20E before 30 h of the culture interferes with t he PCD sequence [14]. If the genomic theory of steroid...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 15:20

... tiếp tục uống nước sẽ xuất hiện hạ Na+, tiền hôn mê và hôn mê. Bệnh tuyến yên (diseases of the pituitary) (Kỳ 6) TS. Hoàng Trung Vinh (Bệnh học nội khoa HVQY) 1.3.7. Tiến triển và tiên...

Ngày tải lên: 02/07/2014, 23:20

... substance of the optic nerve head (Fig. 29-13). They are unrelated to drusen of the retina, which occur in age-related macular degeneration. Optic disc drusen are most common in people of northern ... nerve develops atrophy. In this setting, reduction of optic disc swelling is an ominous sign of a dying nerve rather than an encouraging indication of resolving papilledema. Figure 29-12 Papilledema ... cerebrospinal fluid, points by exclusion to the diagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri (idiopathic intracranial hypertension). The majority of patients are young, female, and obese. Treatment with...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... weakness), or a family history of ptosis should be sought. Fluctuating ptosis that worsens late in the day is typical of myasthenia gravis. Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye (Part 18) Orbital ... leukocytosis. It often arises from the paranasal sinuses, especially by contiguous spread of infection from the ethmoid sinus through the lamina papyracea of the medial orbit. A history of recent ... develop so gradually that the patient is unaware of the problem. Inspection of old photographs is helpful in dating the onset. A history of prior trauma, eye surgery, contact lens use, diplopia,...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... thrombosis, tumor (pituitary adenoma, meningioma, metastasis), herpes zoster infection, and the Tolosa-Hunt syndrome. The etiology of an isolated, pupil-sparing oculomotor palsy often remains an ... compression. In cerebral herniation the nerve becomes trapped between the edge of the tentorium and the uncus of the temporal lobe. Oculomotor palsy can also occur from midbrain torsion and ... thought to result from microvascular infarction of the nerve, somewhere along its course from the brainstem to the orbit. Usually the patient complains of pain. Diabetes, hypertension, and vascular...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... examination of the eyes. Observation of nystagmoid movements of the optic disc on ophthalmoscopy is a sensitive way to detect subtle nystagmus. Gaze-Evoked Nystagmus This is the most common form of ... The pattern of nystagmus may vary with gaze position. Some patients will be oblivious to their nystagmus. Others will complain of blurred vision, or a subjective, to-and-fro movement of the environment ... appear until several months of age. Congenital motor nystagmus, which looks similar to congenital sensory nystagmus, develops in the absence of any abnormality of the sensory visual system....

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 2) Disorders of the Sense of Smell These are caused by conditions that interfere with the access of the odorant to the ... gliomas of the frontal lobe. Occasionally, pituitary adenomas, craniopharyngiomas, suprasellar meningiomas, and aneurysms of the anterior part of the circle of Willis extend forward and damage olfactory ... Meningiomas of the inferior frontal region are the most frequent neoplastic cause of anosmia; loss of smell may be the only neurologic abnormality. Rarely, anosmia can occur with gliomas of the...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... Chapter 030. Disorders of Smell, Taste, and Hearing (Part 5) Disorders of the Sense of Taste Disorders of the sense of taste are caused by conditions that interfere with the access of the tastant ... agents; radiation therapy A side effect of medication is the single most common cause of taste dysfunction in clinical practice. Xerostomia, regardless of the etiology, can be associated with ... severe salivary gland failure does not necessarily lead to taste complaints. Xerostomia, the use of antibiotics or glucocorticoids, or immunodeficiency can lead to overgrowth of Candida; overgrowth...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... denervation of the iris sphincter the pupil does not respond well to light, but the response to near is often relatively intact. When the near stimulus is Chapter 029. Disorders of the Eye ... varies. Anisocoria that increases in dim light indicates a sympathetic paresis of the iris dilator muscle. The triad of miosis with ipsilateral ptosis and anhidrosis constitutes Horner's ... by holding a penlight directly in front of the patient at about 1 m. If the eyes are straight, the corneal light reflex will be centered in the middle of each pupil. To test eye alignment more...

Ngày tải lên: 06/07/2014, 15:21

... Chapter 061. Disorders of Granulocytes and Monocytes (Part 11) Eosinophilia Eosinophilia is the presence of >500 eosinophils per àL of blood and is common in many ... Initial studies of WBC and differential and often a bone marrow examination may be followed by assessment of bone marrow reserves (steroid challenge test), marginated circulating pool of cells (epinephrine ... withdrawal of products containing L-tryptophan and the administration of glucocorticoids. Most patients recover fully, remain stable, or show slow recovery, but the disease can be fatal in up to 5% of...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

... Early signs of infection demand prompt, aggressive culturing for microorganisms, use of antibiotics, and surgical drainage of abscesses. Prolonged courses of antibiotics are often required. ... which are often rich in Nocardia and the spores of Aspergillus and other fungi. Restriction of activities or social contact has no proven role in reducing risk of infection. Cure of some congenital ... function, reduces the frequency of infections in patients with CGD by 70% and reduces the severity of infection. This effect of IFN-γ in CGD is additive to the effect of prophylactic antibiotics....

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 01:20

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20