discrete vs continuous rating scales for language evaluation in nlp

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 21:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 01:20

... simi- larity information. In our particular rating- inference setting, it so happens that the basis for our pair- wise similarity measure can be incorporated as an 121 labeling tasks. For example, ... The importance of neutral examples for learning sentiment. In Workshop on the Analysis of Informal and Formal Information Exchange during Negotiations (FINEXIN). Liu, Hugo, Henry Lieberman, and ... Discretizing binary classification In our setting, we can also incorporate class relations by directly altering the output of a binary classifier, as follows. We first train a standard SVM, treating ratings...

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Ngày tải lên: 01/04/2013, 06:33

... ròng… Nam Bộ là vùng đất rất đa dạng sinh học. Khí hậu - thuỷ văn ở đây tạo điều kiện cho động thực vật sinh sôi nảy nở, thích hợp cho việc phát triển nguồn sinh vật trên cạn và dưới nước, thuận ... về điều kiện tự nhiên nên Nam Bộ có nhiều tiềm năng và lợi thế để phát triển kinh tế. Tính cách, tâm hồn, nếp sinh hoạt của con người ở đây cũng có những nét rất riêng so với cội nguồn. Đó ... Nam Bộ). ĐNB gồm các tỉnh Bà Rịa - Vũng Tàu, Đồng Nai, Bình Dương, Bình Phước, Tây Ninh và thành phố Hồ Chí Minh; ĐBSCL gồm các tỉnh Long An, Tiền Giang, An -17- 116 3.6. Định danh những...

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Ngày tải lên: 07/09/2013, 13:06

... draft. 198 dates for introducing new n-grams but not for omit- ting n-grams from the original sentence. The results for each n are averaged arithmetically. PINC eval- uates single sentences instead of ... are phrasal, e.g. frying meat for browning pork or made a basket for scores in a bas- ketball game. One interesting result of using videos as the stimulus to collect training data is that some- times ... Ex- tracting paraphrases and generating new sentences. In Proceedings of Human Language Technology Confer- ence / North American Association for Computational Linguistics Annual Meeting (HLT-NAACL-2003). Kishore...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... effective for both translation utility and language learning, with advantages over existing services. In future work, we are examining extracting language knowledge from the real-time web for translation ... on dictionary, machine translation or language learning, losing out on synergy that can reduce inefficiencies in the user experience. This paper presents Engkoo, a system for explor- ing and learning language. ... search for sentences as they would in traditional search engines or concordancers. Ex- tensions include allowing for mixed input of English and Chinese, and POS wild cards enabled by multi- level indexing....

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 05:20

... guideline axis define a plane in which particular evaluations are placed according to their application/guideline coordinates. In Figure 1 we illustrate this evaluation plane, and the evaluation ... humans for evaluating such applications. 1 Introduction With the introduction of the BLEU metric for machine translation evaluation (Papineni et al, 2002), the advantages of doing automatic evaluation ... assessors when performing the evaluation task; the variation in human judgment is therefore highly influenced by these guidelines. It follows that, in order for an automatic evaluation to agree...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 16:20

... with the impression that the computer is thinking, making a decision, repre- senting knowledge, maintaining beliefs, or understanding information I begin to worry about the future of com- puter ... or speed. In my own experience, I prefer to provide a fixed time interval and measure performance. Since inter-subject vari- ability in task performance tends to be very large, within subjects ... query language do aid the user in rapid formulation of more effective queries. Damerau [I0] reports on a field study in which a function- 4) ing natural language system, TQA, was installed in...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... identity. For instance, the fact that the two tokens of subordinating con- junction dass ‘that’ in Fig. 1 carry the same tag, is interpreted by ELLEIPO as indicating lexical identity. In combination ... do- mains for elision options, as follows: ã Testing for forward ellipsis: Gapping (includ- ing LDG), FCR, or SGF. This involves inspect- ing (recursively for every S-node) the set of im- mediate constituents ... combination of Gapping and BCR, with the three licensed ellip- tical output strings shown in (10c). In (11), Gap- ping combines with BCR in the subordinate clauses. The fact that here, in contrast with...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20

... DSS is to provide a way for storing, presenting, gathering, sharing, processing, and using information. Web-based DSS is also to provide a distributed infrastructure for P.V. Hai, Vatcharaporn ... role in higher education was originally began for organizations and institutions in the training educational standard [1]. Since the early 1990s, ISO 9000 certificate for an education or training ... models in decision making for DSS. AHP models are structured by decomposing a problem into a hierarchy of elements such as attributes and alternatives influencing a system by incorporating levels:...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 14:20

... learning opportunities in global health for medical and non-medical students. Competing interests Financial competing interests The authors declare that they have no financial competing interests. Non-financial ... and climate change have become increasingly important in our globalising world - even for those providing care for individuals [11-17]. Universities in the United Kingdom (UK) [13], the Neth- erlands ... approved the final manuscript. Authors’ information KB (Doctoral candidate) studied medicine in Frankfurt (Germany) and Bangalore (India), undergoing a research fellowship at the Dept. for International...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 22:21

... for Computational Linguistics Combining Coherence Models and Machine Translation Evaluation Metrics for Summarization Evaluation Ziheng Lin † , Chang Liu ‡ , Hwee Tou Ng ‡ and Min-Yen Kan ‡ † SAP ... 2008. Mind the gap: Dangers of divorcing evaluations of summary content from linguistic quality. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Computational Lin- guistics (Coling 2008), ... (Liu et al., 2010) is an MT evaluation metric which extends BLEU by introducing a lin- ear programming-based framework for improved matching. It also makes use of linguistic resources and considers...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 18:20

... to Natural Language Processing. Computational Linguistics, 22(1):39–71. L. Bottou. 2004. Stochastic Learning. In Advanced Lectures on Machine Learning, Lecture Notes in Ar- tificial Intelligence, ... Collection for Text Categorization Research. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 5:361–397. A. Mnih and G. Hinton. 2008. A Scalable Hierarchical Distributed Language Model. In Advances in Neural Information ... Redmond, WA, USA. D. Klakow. 1998. Log-Linear Interpolation of Language Models. In Proceedings of the 5th International Con- ference on Spoken Language Processing, pages 1694– 1698, Sydney, Australia. R....

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20