digital signal processing by ramesh babu ppt

... beamforming processing channel that has the following capabilities: ã Combine the multipath arrivals generated by its assigned mobile. ã Cancel all the arrivals generated by other mobiles. c  1999 by ... Trans. on Signal Processing, submitted Nov. 1995. [2] Barroso, V.A.N. and Moura, J.M.F., l 2 and l 1 Beamformers: recursive implementation and performance analysis, IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, SP-42(6), ... Arrivals in Mobile Communications” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 c  1999byCRCPressLLC that, in the more general...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... array signal processing in the beamspace domain for low-angle radar tracking, IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 39, 656–671, Mar. 1991. [27] Zoltowski, M.D. and Stavrinides, D., Sensor array signal processing ... via Unitary ESPRIT, IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 44, 316–328, Feb. 1996. [25] Zoltowski, M.D.,Kautz,G.M.andSilverstein,S.D.,Beamspaceroot-MUSIC, IEEETrans .Signal Processing, 41, 344–364, Jan. ... ESPRIT, IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 40, 867–881, Apr. 1992. [23] Xu, G., Roy, R.H. and Kailath, T., Detection of number of sources via exploitation of centro- symmetry property, IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 42,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... Detection of signals by information theoretic criteria, IEEE Trans. on Acoustics, Speech, Signal Processing, ASSP-33(2), 387–392, Apr. 1985. [37] Wax, M., Detection and estimation of superimposed signals, ... moments of the signal s(t) are E{s i s j ∗ s k s l ∗ } 1 ≤ i, j, k, l ≤ P c  1999 by CRC Press LLC Gonen, E. & Mendel, J.M. “Subspace-Based Direction Finding Methods” Digital Signal Processing ... can c  1999 by CRC Press LLC a received signal for an array illuminated by p i coherent signals having a steering matrix A i , and covariance matrix c i c H i . The DOAs could then be solved for by using...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... computed. The output signal is compared to a second signal d(n), called the desired response signal, by subtracting the two samples at time n. This difference signal, given by e(n) = d(n) − y(n) ... experiment. c  1999 by CRC Press LLC Douglas, S.C. “Introduction to Adaptive Filters” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 c  1999byCRCPressLLC ... adaptive filter is defined by four aspects: 1. the signals being processed by the filter 2. the structure that defines how the output signal of the filter is computed from its input signal 3. the parameters...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... models of stationary random processes, whether signal or noise, have been found to be useful in a wide variety of signal processing tasks such as signal detection, estimation, filtering, and classification, ... function)arediscussed to complete the discussion of model fitting. c  1999 by CRC Press LLC Tugnait, J.K. “Validation, Testing, and Noise Modeling” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas ... minimum description length (MDL) criterion is given by MDL(M) =−2lnf  θ (M) (X) + M ln N. (16.30) c  1999 by CRC Press LLC [17] Kassam, S.A., Signal Detection in Non-Gaussian Noise, Springer-Verlag,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 00:15

... REAL-TIME DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 1 Introduction to Real-Time Digital Signal Processing Signals can be divided into three categories ± continuous-time (analog) signals, discrete-time signals, and digital ... Figure 1.1, where a real- world analog signal is converted to a digital signal, processed by DSP hardware in 2 INTRODUCTION TO REAL-TIME DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING (a) (b) Figure 1.16 Connect ... design and implement digital systems for processing digital signals using digital hardware. However, the analysis of such signals and systems usually uses discrete-time signals and systems for...

Ngày tải lên: 14/12/2013, 13:15

... s(n) ) 2 (32.35) where s(n) is the input speech signal and y(n) is the output speech signal. The two signals are sufficiently staggered to account for the delay in the processing. The signal- to-noise-ratios were ... these methods demand a lot of memory and processing power. RAP operates on only one row at a time, which makes it a useful sample -by- sample method in adaptive signal processing. Further, the matrix A ... 3]. In [2], the minimum phase component was estimated by zeroing out the cepstrum for negativefrequencies. Thentheoutputsignalwasfilteredbythe inverseofthe minimum phasetransfer function. But...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 21:17

... theresultingestimatemaybeinferiortothatprovidedbyatransform method. The recent literature has demonstrated that usually there are models that make the efficacy of a reconstruction provided by a series expansion method ... functions and the accuracy of FBP is significantly worse than what is obtained by this very early iterate produced by ART. Since the iterative process is, in practice, stopped early, in evaluating ... TheReconstructionProblem Wewanttosolvethefollowinggeneralproblem.Thereisathree-dimensionalstructurewhose internalcompositionisunknowntous.Wesubjectthisstructuretosomekindofradiation,eitherby transmittingtheradiationthroughthestructureorbyintroducingtheemitteroftheradiationintothe structure.Wemeasuretheradiationtransmittedthroughoremittedfromthestructureatanumber ofpoints.Computedtomography(CT)istheprocessofobtainingfromthesemeasurementsthe distributionofthephysicalparameter(s)insidethestructurethathaveaneffectonthemeasurements. Theproblemoccursinawiderangeofareas,suchasx-rayCT,emissiontomography,photon migrationimaging,andelectronmicroscopicreconstruction;see,e.g.,[1,2].Alloftheseareinverse problemsofvarioussorts;see,e.g.,[3]. Whereitisnototherwisestated,wewillbediscussingthespecialreconstructionproblemof estimatingafunctionoftwovariablesfromestimatesofitslineintegrals.Asitisquitereasonable foranyapplication,wewillassumethatthedomainofthefunctioniscontainedinafiniteregionof theplane.Inwhatfollowswewillintroducealltheneedednotationandterminology;inmostcases theseagreewiththoseusedin[1]. c  1999byCRCPressLLC ...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 21:17

... as f † =  H T H  −1 H T g = H † g, (25.32) c  1999 by CRC Press LLC Podilchuk, C. Signal Recovery from Partial Information” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas ... not able to resolve the signal estimate beyond the diffraction limit imposed by the physical measuring device. The observed signal is degraded from the original signal by both the measuring device ... of signal recovery by examining a one-dimensional, linear, time-invariant system that can be expressed as g(x) =  +T −T f (α)h(x − α)dα, (25.7) whereg(x)istheobservedsignal, f(α)isthe desiredsignal...

Ngày tải lên: 22/12/2013, 21:17

... Elementary Digital Signals There are several ways to describe signals. For example, signals encountered in com- munications are classified as deterministic or random. Deterministic signals are ... 3.1.3, a digital system can be completely characterized by its impulse response hn. Consider a digital system illustrated in Figure 3.8, where xn is the input signal and yn is the output signal. ... equation of the digital system expressed as ynbxnÀayn À 1, 3:2:16 where each output signal yn is dependent on the current input signal xn and the previous output signal yn À 1....

Ngày tải lên: 24/12/2013, 01:16

... REAL-TIME DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING 1 Introduction to Real-Time Digital Signal Processing Signals can be divided into three categories ± continuous-time (analog) signals, discrete-time signals, and digital ... design and implement digital systems for processing digital signals using digital hardware. However, the analysis of such signals and systems usually uses discrete-time signals and systems for ... term `discrete-time' and `digital& apos; inter- changeably. Digital signal processing (DSP) is concerned with the digital representation of signals and the use of digital hardware to analyze,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/01/2014, 20:20

... on Applications of Signal Processing to Audio and Acoustics, 1989. [17] Sinha,D.andTewfik,A.H.,Lowbitratetransparentaudiocompressionusingadaptedwavelets, IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, 41(12), ... trivially tothebinauralcase. Specifically, evenifonesignalismaskedbyboththeL (left)andR (right)signals individually, it may not be masked when the L and R signals are presented binaurally. For further details, ... 34(5), 1986. c  1999 by CRC Press LLC 1. Analysis filterbank —The filterbank converts thetime domain audiosignal totheshort- term frequency domain. Each block is selectablycodedby1024or 128 uniformly...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... by CRC Press LLC Davidson, G.A. Digital Audio Coding: Dolby AC-3” Digital Signal Processing Handbook Ed. Vijay K. Madisetti and Douglas B. Williams Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 1999 c  1999byCRCPressLLC ... been reduced by more than a factor of 13 by the AC- 3digital compression. The signal received from the satellite is demodulated back into the 384 kbps serial bit stream, and decoded by the AC-3 ... 2 −e(i) . Frequency coefficients are normalized in the encoder by multiplying by 2 e(i) , and denormalized in the decoder by multiplying by 2 −e(i) . Exponent values are allowed to range from0 (for...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... packetstructureuses188-byte packets consisting of a 4-byte header followed by 184 bytes of payload (see Fig. 40.14). The header FIGURE 40.14: MPEG packet delivery. includesasyncbyte,a13-bitfieldcalledpacketidentifiertoinformthedecoderaboutthetypeofdata, and ... standards by down-mixing the 7-channel sig nal into a 5-channel signal, and a subsequent down-mixingofthelatteroneintoa2-channelsignal[55]. The2-channelsignal, threecontributions fromthe 5-channel signal, ... of digital audio systems [54]. Lower bit rates than those given by the 16-bit PCM format are mandatory if audio signals are to be stored efficiently on storage media—although the upcoming digital...

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Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

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