difference between acute and chronic myelogenous leukemia

... the past by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for marketing based on trials using the FAB criteria. Acute Myeloid Leukemia Incidence The incidence of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is ... years after exposure, and affected individuals have aberrations in chromosomes 5 and 7. Topoisomerase II inhibitor–associated leukemias occur 1–3 years after exposure, and affected individuals ... recent literature and some ongoing studies use the FAB classification, a description of this system is also provided in Table 104-1. A major difference between the WHO and FAB systems is the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Acute myelomonocytic leukemia Acute monoblastic and monocytic leukemia Acute erythroid leukemia Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia Acute basophilic leukemia Acute panmyelosis ... Minimally differentiated leukemia 5% M1: Myeloblastic leukemia without maturation 20% M2: Myeloblastic leukemia with maturation 30% M3: Hypergranular promyelocytic leukemia 10% AML with 11q23 ... Myelomonocytic leukemia 20% M4Eo: Variant: Increase in abnormal marrow eosinophils M5: Monocytic leukemia 10% M6: Erythroleukemia (DiGuglielmo's disease) 4% M7: Megakaryoblastic leukemia...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Continuous activation of Flt3 and downstream target kinases, including signal transducer and Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 3) Immunophenotype and Relevance to the WHO ... for separating AML from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and identifying some types of AML. For example, AML that is minimally differentiated (immature morphology and no lineage-specific ... Similarly, acute megakaryoblastic leukemia can often be diagnosed only by expression of the platelet-specific antigens CD41 and/ or CD61. While flow cytometry is useful, widely used, and, in some...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... by impaired phagocytosis and migration and morphologically by abnormal lobulation and deficient granulation. Figure 104-1 Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 4) Clinical ... anemia. The median presenting leukocyte count is about 15,000/àL. Between 25 and 40% of patients have counts <5000/àL, and 20% have counts >100,000/àL. Fewer than 5% have no detectable leukemic ... blood. The morphology of the malignant cell varies in difference subsets. In AML the cytoplasm often contains primary (nonspecific) granules, and the nucleus shows fine, lacy chromatin with one...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 5) Morphology of AML cells. A. Uniform population of primitive myeloblasts with immature chromatin, nucleoli in some cells, and primary ... Ecchymosis and oozing from I V sites (DIC, possible acute promyelocytic leukemia) Fever and tachycardia (signs of infection) Papilledema, retinal infiltrates, cranial nerve abnormalities (CNS leukemia) ... patients, and about 25% have counts <25,000/àL. Both morphologic and functional platelet abnormalities can be observed, including large and bizarre shapes with abnormal granulation and inability...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... achievement of CR. In addition, patients who achieve Chapter 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 6) Most patients are anemic and thrombocytopenic at presentation. Replacement of the appropriate ... entering CR, the length of CR, and the curability of AML. CR is defined after examination of both blood and bone marrow. The blood neutrophil count must be 1000/àL and the platelet count 100,000/àL. ... nervous system bleeding and pulmonary leukostasis contribute to poor outcome with initial therapy. In addition to pretreatment variables such as age, cytogenetics, and leukocyte count, several...

Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2014, 04:20

... 104. Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (Part 7) Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Treatment Treatment of the newly diagnosed patient with AML is usually divided into two phases, induction and postremission ... diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. For all forms of AML except acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), standard therapy includes a 7-day continuous infusion of cytarabine (100–200 mg/m 2 per day) and ... synthesis and thereby overcome resistance to standard-dose cytarabine. In two randomized studies, high-dose cytarabine with an anthracycline produced CR rates similar to those achieved with standard...

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Ngày tải lên: 24/11/2013, 08:11

... Comparison of the efficacy and tolerability of amoxycillin/ clavulanic acid 875 mg b.i.d. with cefuroxime 500 mg b.i.d. in the treatment of chronic and acute exacerbation of chronic sinusitis in adults. ... research tools and are not currently available in the clinical setting. Maxillary Sinus Aspirate (MSA) MSA is considered the gold standard for bacterial recovery in acute and chronic sinusitis, ... 3338 patients from 16 randomized comparative non-placebo studies concluded that differences between antimicrobial agents are small in otherwise healthy adults and adolescents, and there- fore an...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 08:20

... Acute and chronic sinusitis PLAIN X‐RAYS Fluid level frontal sinuses Surgical treatment chronic Surgical treatment chronic maxillar y sinusitis y Inferior ... Pharyngeal, laryngeal and ear infections ã Mucocele ã Osteomyelitis Obit l li ti ã O r bit a l comp li ca ti ons ã Intracranial complications ã Intracranial complications Acute sinusitis Acute sinusitis ... (sinusitis) Fluid Level (sinusitis) CT SCAN Complete opacity Rt sphenoid siunus Treatment of chronic maxillary sinusitis Cld llL ’ ti C a ld we ll L uc ’ s opera ti on Orbital Complications Orbital...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 08:20