... their effect on translation. We also report on applying Factored Translation Models (Koehn and Hoang, 2007) for English- to- Arabic translation. 2 Previous Work The only previous work on English- to- Arabic ... techniques. We also report on the use of Factored Translation Models for English- to- Arabic translation. 1 Introduction Arabic has a complex morphology compared to English. Words are inflected for gender, ... incorrectly segmented to qrDAn +P:1S which makes its re- combination without the table difficult. 3.3 Factored Models For the Factored Translation Models experiment, the factors on the English side are...
Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 09:20
... of the factors. We aligned our training sets using only the root factor to conflate statistics from different forms of the same root. The rest of the factors are then automatically assumed to be aligned, ... reliable mu- tual translations, in that they mostly translate to each other and not much to others. We extracted 460 score improvements. In the context of translation from English to Turkish, Durgar-El ... like ours for English- to- Turkish translation, but without using any morphology. 6 Conclusions We have presented a novel way to incorporate source syntactic structure in English- to- Turkish phrase-based...
Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20
Teaching English to speakers of other language
... learners need to listen too Find out what your learners need to listen too Teach learners the strategies needed to control they input they get Teach learners the strategies needed to control they ... learners listen to recording of themselves Let learners listen to recording of themselves Teaching Writing Teaching Writing Ask learners to produce a variety of text types Ask learners to produce ... meaning Help learners to be aware of register Help learners to be aware of register Look at word formation Look at word formation Use direct translation carefully Use direct translation carefully Teach...
Ngày tải lên: 07/07/2013, 01:28
english to University 1
... political bosses and law enforces 85. The test administrator ordered we not to open our books until he told us to do so. english to university I. Circle the word whose bold part is differently ... decimals 58. According to the passage, mathematical operations include: _______. a. to add, subtract, multiply and divide b. to square, cube, or raise to any other power c. to take a square, cube, ... to keep the secret. A. promised B. cursed C. vowed D. swore 34. Mountaineers climb Mount Everest must make reservations to do so, often up to seven years in advance. A. want to B. they want to...
Ngày tải lên: 25/08/2013, 11:10
HNT- english to University 2
... D science fiction stories V. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATON 66. Tom has the ability to be a professional musician, but he's too lazy to practice. A. He is able to practice music lessons professionally ... He is rumoured to be rich but stringy 74 I don’t want to keep in touch with them any more A Not any longer I want to keep in touch with them B Not at more I want to keep in touch with them ... the storm. a). The storm made them not to climb up the mountain. b). The storm prevented them from climbing up the mountain. c). The storm made them could not climb up the mountain. d). The storm...
Ngày tải lên: 25/08/2013, 11:10
English to Vietnamese
... thanhả ề ượ to n payment khu v c thông tin trênự m ng đi n tạ ệ ử website ki m to n viênể auditor ki m to n, ki m traể ể audit kinh nghi p t nhân doệ ư m t ng i làm chộ ườ ủ sole proprietor L lãi profit lãi ... nhị assets tài s nả audit ki m to n, ki m traể ể audit division phân b ki m to nộ ể auditor ki m to n viênể B bad debts các món n khó đòiợ balance ngân kho n đ i chi u, k tả ố ế ế to n bank statement b ... (verb) Users are invited to send their comments to: California State Board of Equalization Document Translations Section P.O. Box 942879, MIC:19 Sacramento, CA 94279 For other helpful translations or...
Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2013, 06:15
Short term memory in english to vietnamese consecutive interpreting
Ngày tải lên: 17/12/2013, 20:37
Using eliciting question as a technique to teach english to 11th form pupils
Ngày tải lên: 27/12/2013, 20:26
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Sentence-For-Sentence Translation: An Example" ppt
... SENTENCE- FOR -SENTENCE TRANSLATION 33 SENTENCE- FOR -SENTENCE TRANSLATION 17 which defines the substructure of the input sentence in which is contained the information needed to ... the gender of its SENTENCE- FOR -SENTENCE TRANSLATION 27 [Mechanical Translation and Computational Linguistics, vol. 8, No. 2, February 1965] Sentence- For -Sentence Translation: An Example* ... been paid to the output vocabulary, examination at this point would have to be made in order to determine whether the Arabic MN was to be translated by an English DN, 'the tutor'...
Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 19:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "A Limited-Domain English to Japanese Medical Speech Translator Built Using REGULUS 2" doc
... regard to the transfer component, we have had two main problems to solve. Firstly, it is well- known that translation from English to Japanese re- quires major reorganisation of the syntactic form. Word-order ... spoken trans- lation system to be a useful tool. 2 An architecture for limited-domain speech translation The basic philosophy behind the architecture of the system is to attempt an intelligent ... un- changed, but where necessary the form was revised to make it more appropriate to a spoken dialogue. When we felt that it would be difficult to remem- ber what the canonical form of a question...
Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 16:20
Tài liệu Báo cáo khoa học: "Syntactic Phrase Reordering for English-to-Arabic Statistical Machine Tranfor slation" pptx
... successfully applied to German -to- English and Chinese -to -English SMT (Collins et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2007). In this paper, we propose the use of a similar approach for English- to- Arabic SMT. Unlike ... Mor- phological segmentation has been shown to benefit Arabic -to -English (Habash and Sadat, 2006) and English- to- Arabic (Badr et al., 2008) translation, although the gains tend to decrease with increas- ing ... for English- to- Greek and English- to- Czech translation. Although Factored Models are well equipped for handling languages that differ in terms of morphology, they still use the same distortion reordering...
Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 02:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "Sentence-for-sentence translation" ppt
... sequences to phrase sequences, to clause sequences and so on. At each look-up step, the dictionary gives explicit 30 Victor h. yngve is to supply the constraints of the code to which ... economical to supply the required routine or to supply the additional storage space needed to list in full all of the words in their various inflected forms. We want to encode in blocks of a sentence ... length. Since the words are to be listed in a dictionary, it seems appropriate to inquire whether a dic- tionary type of list could be used to assist in the encoding into sentences. It is certainly...
Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "The Derivation of a GrammaticaUy Indexed Lexicon from the Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English" pptx
... consciously." 4 [LI] to seem to oneself to be: 5 [TI,5;V3 to believe, esp. for the moment 6 L7] to give (a sensation): 7 [Wv6;10] to (be able to) experience sensations: 8 [Wv6;T1] to suffer because ... be-lievo v 1 [I0J to have a firm religious faith 2 iT1] to consider to be true or hon- est: to be|ices someoaelto helices someoae's reports 8 [TSa,b;VS;X (to be) I, (to be} 7] to hold ss ... aim to deliver, respectively, a 8entente grammar of English together with a toord list indexed to the grammar, a combined inflectional and derlvational morphological ana/y~er and dictionary...
Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 02:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "Graph-based Ranking Algorithms for Sentence Extraction, Applied to Text Summarization" pdf
... re- lations. For the task of sentence extraction, the goal is to rank entire sentences, and therefore a vertex is added to the graph for each sentence in the text. To establish connections (edges) ... Moreover, to avoid promoting long sentences, we are using a normalization factor, and divide the content overlap of two sentences with the length of each sentence. Formally, given two sentences ... relation between two sentences can be seen as a process of “recommendation”: a sentence that addresses certain concepts in a text, gives the reader a “recommendation” to refer to other sentences in the...
Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 03:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "The adaptation of a machine-learned sentence realization system to French" potx
... evaluators were asked to evaluate the same set of sentences independently. Each generated sentence was evaluated in isolation; i.e., discourse context was not taken into account. For each sentence, ... sentences (18.2%) received that score. For 45 of those sentences, the score was assigned automatically, because the sentences were completely identical. The other sentences with score 4 (54 sentences ... machine-learned approaches to sentence realization is that they can easily be adapted to new domains and ideally to new languages merely by retraining The architecture of Amalgam was intended to be language- independent,...
Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "Adapting Translation Models to Translationese Improves SMT" pot
... French -to -English, but it drops to 0.46 for the reverse task. The covering set average length measure shows similar behavior: R 2 drops from 0.75 in French -to -English to 0.56 in English- to- French. ... use English- original’ (EO) and ‘French-original’ (FO) to refer to the subsets of the corpus that are translated from En- glish to French and from French to English, re- spectively. The translation ... stability over the French -to -English and English- to- French transla- tion tasks, with R 2 equals to 0.56 and 0.54, re- spectively. Other measures are sensitive to the translation task: covering...
Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 20:20
Báo cáo khoa học: "Determining the placement of German verbs in English–to–German SMT" ppt
... in order to move the German verbs into the posi- tions corresponding to the positions of the English verbs. Subsequently, the reordered German sen- tences are translated into English leading to better translation ... could ensure the correct translation of the given phrase. This problem is not specific to English to German. For instance, the same problem occurs when translating German into English. If, for ex- 732 ... lan- guage in order to reorder the English input. While the reordering of German implies movement of the German verbs into a single position, when re- ordering English, we need to split the English ver- bal...
Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 21:20
Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Inc. (TESOL) pot
Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 05:20
A CONCEPT OF INTERNATIONAL ENGLISH AND RELATED ISSUES: FROM ''''REAL ENGLISH'''' TO ''''REALISTIC ENGLISH''''? potx
Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 05:21