developing ar systems in the presence of spatial uncertainty

... estimate the hopping frequency and hop transition time at the same time 1.2.4 Typical Types of Jamming Against FHSS In FHSS systems, there are four main kinds of intentionally jamming sources These are ... estimated, and so, the lower the jamming power (or the higher the signal to jamming ratio), the less accurate the jamming estimates The increased inaccuracy in the jamming estimates leads in turn to ... address jointly the problem of frequency estimation and synchronization of frequency hopping signals in a FH system To maintain synchronization in the presence of fading or narrowband interference,...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 09:58

... uncertainties, machine -8- Chapter Introduction failures and so on The main difficulty in inventory control is to tradeoff between the costs of maintaining high and low inventory levels Maintaining ... INVENTORY SYSTEMS IN THE PRESENCE OF AN ELECTRONIC MARKETPLACE BAO JIE (B.Eng TSINGHUA UNIVERSITY) A THESIS SUBMITTED FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY DEPARTMENT OF INDUSTRIAL AND SYSTEMS ... supplier in the first period In the second period, resellers can buy and sell inventories among themselves in a secondary market The transaction price in the second market is determined to clear the...

Ngày tải lên: 16/09/2015, 15:53

... types of fading are discussed below  Slow fading – It arises when the coherence time of the channel is large when compared to the delay constraint of the channel In this type of fading, the amplitude ... A 1 H  p2 (50) In (49) xopt represents the value of x in the absence of noise The remaining terms in (49) gives the contribution of noise terms in determining the value of x Now we will derive ... reduce the effect of jamming But the focus of most of these algorithms is the 12 elimination of partial band jamming [5-11], with the problem of follower jamming addressed to a smaller extent in...

Ngày tải lên: 13/10/2015, 15:54

... as the Doppler bandwidth increases because of the poorer quality of the initial channel estimates Finally, the near-far resistance of the CDMA-BEM receiver is illustrated in Figure The SNR of the ... detection of a single ST-OFDM codeword In particular, if r j [l, n] denotes the received signal sample taken at the output of the jth DFT for the nth subcarrier frequency in the lth OFDM symbol interval, ... H(k+1) needed for the initialization of the ST-OFDM BEM in the (k + 1)th iteration of the receiver At the beginning of the first iteration, however, no a priori information on the channel symbols...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

... normalizing the pattern by the gain at the desired direction, these two parameters α and B are determined by SYSTEM MODEL 2.1 Beamforming sin 0.5Mπ(sin θ − sin ψ) M sin 0.5π(sin θ − sin ψ) α= ... , (13) In this section, the outage probability of MC-CDMA systems in the presence of CFO with perfect beamforming is evaluated To start the analysis of the outage probability, the SINR in (11) ... beamforming model described in Section 2.2 Assume that there are Kn interfering users within the mainlobe having a unit antenna gain with the probability B, and K − Kn − interfering users within the...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... (C), in the presence of 100 lM MPP+ (D), in the presence of 200 lM MPP+ (E), in the presence of 100 lM MPTP and 50 lM dopamine (F), in the presence of 200 lM MPTP and 50 lM dopamine (G), in the presence ... solid line), in the presence of 100 lM neurotoxin ( , dotted line), in the presence of 200 lM neurotoxin ( , dotted line) and in the presence of neurotoxin and 50 lM dopamine (h, dashed line) • 1692 ... understanding of the role of various interacting components The formation of dopamine–quinone adducts (because of auto-oxidation of the neurotransmitter), especially dopaminochrome, with a-synuclein, inhibited...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 19:20

... apply part of the present theorem We now turn to the issue of so called “martingale modelling”, and remark that one of the main morals of the martingale approach to arbitragefree pricing of derivative ... to be adjoint of the martingale operators • We show that uniqueness of the martingale measure is equivalent to the denseness of the image space of the hedging operators In particular, it turns ... portfolio, arbitrage, market completeness, martingale operator, hedging operator, affine term structure Introduction One of the most challenging mathematical problems arising in the theory of financial markets...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 02:20

... aligned in such a way that those parts of the protein structure that are probably immersed in the micelle are pointing downwards The vertical arrow represents the normal of the micelle–water interface ... K, Hoffmann S, Bauer F, Friedrich U, Kardinal C, Feller SM, Biesinger B & Sticht H (2002) Structural investigation of the binding of a herpesviral protein to the SH3 domain of tyrosine kinase ... undetectable in the presence of Mn2+ The solvent-exposed C-terminus of VpUcyt probably pointed away from the surface of the micelle The three amide cross-peaks originating from the hydrophobic...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 06:20

... being the most adequate for the final evaluation of the kinetic parameters in the presence of stearate Evaluation of kinetic parameters Fig Comparison of three models for the catalytic action of ... action of plasmin in the presence of stearate The p-nitroaniline (P) released in the course of hydrolysis of 40 lM Spectrozyme-PL by 20 nM plasmin in the presence of 115 lM stearate is shown ... changes of the kinetic parameters reported in the present study, oleate and arachidonate can be defined as mixed-type inhibitors of plasmin The effect of stearate is rather unusual; the increase in the...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 17:20

... ramifications There are two possible molecular explanations for the inhibition of the Arg506 cleavage by heparin: (a) direct binding of heparin to FVa close to the Arg506 site; (b) binding of heparin to ... twofold (data not shown), indicating that the stimulatory effect of heparin on the cleavage at Arg306 is also observed in the presence of FXa Theoretically, the addition of heparin may induce the ... known to be part of the heparin-binding site in these three crystallized protein–heparin complexes were given as starting point for the docking search [30] At least one conformation of the simulated...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 13:20

... form of BuChE, as indicated In each panel, the solid circles indicate the measured kcat values, the solid squares indicate the measured bkcat values, and the lines are the result of fitting the ... excess-substrate binding appears to involve the intricate interplay of a variety of residues in the active site pH dependence of A328W Fig pH dependence for the turnover number (kcat) in the absence of excess ... bkcat are consistent with titration of the catalytic histidine, H438(440) The persistence of activity in the presence of the protonated form of the catalytic histidine is inconsistent with the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 23:20

... efficiency in the presence of this group of osmolytes Interestingly, there is a linear relationship between DDGD° and Dlog(kcat ⁄ Km) in the presence of methylamines and sugar However, the slopes of the ... and DGD° values in the presence of these osmolytes are given in Table However, DGD° values of RNase-A in the presence of alanine, serine, lysine, b-alanine, taurine and dimethylglycine have not ... are very different In fact, the slope in the presence of sugar osmolytes is 10 times less than that in the presence of methylamines A higher slope in the case of methylamines will mean that the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 00:20

... increase in the content of KNO3, the dimension of nanoparticles only became smaller Similarly, the nanorods and nanoparticles were obtained in the products with the addition of NaNO3 or Na2SO4 The ... growth of the WO3 nanowires With the addition of different inorganic salts, the compositions and the corresponding properties of the solution are different in the hydrothermal conditions The changes ... need the anisotropy during the growth process for the nanoparticles In our experiments, the presence of the salts is also an important factor influencing the crystallization process and the growth...

Ngày tải lên: 20/03/2014, 13:04

... These results are largely robust to including the proportion of Group pupils in the surrounding area as the explanatory variable, rather than the total number of Group pupils in the surrounding ... among these individuals at the margin of receiving treatment 34 We have also calculated Manski bounds on within-school externalities in the presence of selection into treatment, but these are largely ... treatment in 1998 This was partly because of confusion in the field about pupil age, and partly because in the early stages of the program several of the Kenya Ministry of Health nurses administered...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 15:20

... estimate of the benchmark’s PD The true PD of the benchmark is unknown We should therefore combine the variance of the ex-ante estimated probability of default of the rating source and that of the ... we use the HSLS statistic as a measure of goodness of fit when building the rating model using in- sample” data then the degrees of freedom of the χ distribution are k-2 In the context of this ... confidence interval The column “average DF” is an estimated average using in occurrences at the midpoint of the first interval and in occurrences at the midpoint of the second These averages are clearly...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 20:20

... of p-amindinobenzamidine Figure 2B shows time courses for trypsinogen autoactivation in the presence of 100 lM p-amindinobenzamidine As seen in this figure, the presence of p-amindinobenzamidine ... least square procedure (Marquardt–Levenberg algorithm) to determine the parameters that minimize the sum of the squares of differences between the dependent variable in the equations and the observations ... (12) Figure shows the effect of increasing inhibitor concentration on the kinetic parameters of trypsinogen autoactivation The dominant effect of the inhibitor à concentration appears to be on Km...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 13:20

... understanding of how humans make use of various forms of shared visual information in their everyday communication The development of an integrated multi-modal model of referring behavior can improve the ... However, the visual information provided in each of these technologies can vary drastically The shared field of view can vary, views may be misaligned between speaking partners, and delays of the ... decompose the various features of shared visual information in order to better understand their independent effects on referring behaviors The following section provides an overview of the task paradigm...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:20

... parameter estimates obtained in the absence of the inhibitors (see above) In the case of gallamine investigated in the presence of MeCN, the calculation of the kinetic parameters was based on ... [3840] With regard to the involvement of PAS in the processes of AD, the use of PAS inhibitors and dual-site inhibitors of AChE allows for the inhibition of the catalytic activity of the enzyme and ... AChEgallamine to hydrolyse ATCh is 1.7 25% of that of free AChE Inuence of MeCN on the inhibition of AChE The inhibition of AChE by tacrine, gallamine and compound was investigated in the presence of...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 23:20

... Error bars indicate the experimental uncertainty of the measurements observed between the Cu2+-induced and Zn2+-induced aggregates, reflecting the differences in metal-binding properties of Ab ... C-terminal region of the Ab(1–40) aggregates, suggesting they are assembled in a way that places the C-terminal residues in the aggregate core This is similar to the arrangement found in Ab(1–42) ... where the C-terminal residues strengthen the hydrophobic interactions within the core of the fibrillar fold via a shift in the protofilament assembly that positions the C-terminal residues of Ab(1–42)...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 01:20

... Tg, softening depends on the melting of these crystallites, but can be changed by a chemical crosslinked network [5] The crosslinking influences on the softening point (Ts) of the PVC samples in ... in the presence of phr of TMPTMA of the PVC crosslinked samples decreases with increasing concentration of TMPTMA up to 15 phr Therefore, in order to obtain PVC having the highest , 0.4 phr of ... improves the molecular mobility, melting and softening of PVC and a result, Ts decreases with increasing Table 1: Softening point of the PVC samples containing different concentrations of DAPC...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 15:20