designing with interfaces and abstract classes

... read and search across Packt's entire library of books.  Why Subscribe? ff Fully searchable across every book published by Packt ff Copy and paste, print and bookmark content ff On demand and ... 3: Processing Images with Classes 69 Chapter 4: Counting the Pixels with Histograms 89 Introduction Accessing pixel values Scanning an image with pointers Scanning an image with iterators Writing ... images and videos are everywhere, and with the advent of powerful and affordable computing devices, it has never been easier to create sophisticated imaging applications Plentiful software tools and...

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 15:41

... Management." and Second Edition, Revised andExpanded, Michael Vasu,Debra Stewart ,and G DavidGarson L W of and Public Administration, edited by 41 Handbook Comparative Development Ali Farazmand 42 Public ... Garnettand L 63 Handbook AdministrativeCommunication, AlexanderKouzmin 64 Public Budgeting and Finance: Fourth Edition, Revisedand Expanded, edited by Robert Golembiewski JackRabin T and of Edition, ... Handbook Public Quality Management, of edited by Ronald Stupakand J PeterM.Leitner Handbook Crisis andEmergency of Management, edited by Ali Farazmand Handbook Public Management of Practice and...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 06:22

... a confusion matrix algorithm (Vucetic and Obradovic, 2001) and an EM based algorithm (Saerens et al., 2002) in (Chan and Ng, 2005b) Our results in (Chan and Ng, 2005b) indicate that the EM based ... particular corpora and the set of words used in our experiments 4.1 DSO Corpus The DSO corpus (Ng and Lee, 1996) contains 192,800 annotated examples for 121 nouns and 70 verbs, drawn from BC and WSJ BC ... nouns and verbs which had different predominant senses between the BC and WSJ parts of the corpus This gave us a set of 37 nouns and 28 verbs For experiments involving the nouns of SENSEVAL-2 and...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... annotations and arrive at a mutually-acceptable gold-standard annotation for each NC The Brown, WSJ and BNC data was pre-parsed with RASP, and sentences were extracted which contained the head noun and ... method (WUP, Wu and Palmer (1994)), one content-information based method (JCN, Jiang and Conrath (1998)) and two semantic relatedness methods (LESK, Banerjee and Pedersen (2003), and VECTOR, (Patwardhan, ... Table 1: Coverage of D and D/I-Synonyms where Mi and Hi are the modifier and head of N Ci , respectively, and freq(coord (Mi , Hi )) is the frequency of occurrence of Mi and Hi in coordinated NPs...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 02:21

... through hand-built rules Feldman et al (2002) use hand-built rules that make use of syntactic and lexical features and semantic constraints to find relations between genes, proteins, drugs and diseases ... diseases The GENIES system (Friedman et al., 2001) uses a hand-built semantic grammar along with hand-derived syntactic and semantic constraints, and recognizes a wide range of relationships between ... these features Data and Features For our experiments, the text was obtained from MEDLINE 20012 An annotator with biology expertise considered the titles and abstracts separately and labeled the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 06:20

... introduces the general framework and applies it to interpretation; Oberlander and Lascaxides (1992) and Lascarides and Oberlander (1992b) use the framework for generation t e m p o r a l order ... 4-6 April, 1991 Grosz, Barbara and Sidner, Candy [1986] Attention, Intentions, and the Structure of Discourse Computational Linguistics, 12, 175-204 Thompson, Sandra and Mann, William [1987] Rhetorical ... (1979, 1985) (cf also T h o m p s o n and Mann 1987, Scha and Polanyi 1988) Lascarides and Asher (1991a) use Narration, Explanation, Background, Result and Elaboration These are the discourse...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 20:20

... Quest for Associational AutonomyAlong with its Limits Enter the Internet: The Public Sphere in Transnational Times Asserting Citizenship: The Public Sphere and Civil Society in the Internet Era ...    Â    Debating Cuban Exceptionalism, London/New York: Palgrave, 2007 (edited with Laurence Whitehead).  hoffmann@giga-hamburg.de      ÊÊ Đ  ỷ   Đ  Ê...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 20:20

... of-in a -and to -and and -and to-the in -and a-the to-to the-the of -and in-of Executives at Time Inc Magazine Co., a subsidiary of of-the the-in Time Warner, have said the joint venture with Mr Lang ... Expansion, and Temporal Using just these four relations allows us to be theory-neutral; while different frameworks (Hobbs, 1979; McKeown, 1985; Mann and Thompson, 1988; Knott and Sanders, 1998; Asher and ... Maximum Entropy (MaxEnt), and AdaBoost (Freund and Schapire, 1996) classifiers implemented in MALLET and last words of Arg2, the pair of the first words of Arg1 and Arg2, and the pair of the last...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 23:20

... alternations in form and tested them with the data I considered a hypothesis successful if it correctly predicted the form of a high percentage of the examples in the corpus and was based on a ... combined In the following examples we see actions being combined and ordered in different ways: (5a) Remove the handset from the base and lay it on its side (exc) 319 REFERENCES (5b) Listen for dial ... M A K (1976) System and Function in Language Oxford University Press, London Ed G R Kress Two sequential actions are typically expressed as separate clauses conjoined with "and" as in (5a), or,...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 06:20

... friends and relatives were present through the entire process.VII Conclusion The relationships between women during this era was core to their lives and survival Without the love, support, and rituals ... After reading this, I wonder what the men did all day and if they had relationships like this with their friends and male kin It is a great essay and does show vividly the lives of women during this ... me to understand the women during this time much more To see their lives on a much more personal level, and how they socialized really creates a deeper and more personal understanding of women...

Ngày tải lên: 02/04/2014, 17:59

... size, and shape VOL 24, NO 1, JANUARY 2002 to find face candidates, and then verify these candidates using local, detailed features such as eye brows, nose, and hair A typical approach begins with ... conditions With 16 individuals, the Yale face database (available at http://cvc.yale.edu/) contains 10 frontal images per person, each with different facial expressions, with and without glasses, and ... detect faces with different features and expressions, in different poses, and under different lighting conditions [176] They also studied the effect of learning with primitive as well as with multiscale...

Ngày tải lên: 24/04/2014, 12:34

... Liaoning Ji-Lu Mandarin Hebei, Shandong Central Plains Mandarin Lan-Yin Mandarin Henan, Shaanxi, Shandong Gansu, Ningxia South-eastern Mandarin Sichuan, Yunnan, Guizhou Jiang-Huai Mandarin Jiangsu, ... relationship between standard, in this case Mandarin with a Beijing accent, and dialect, in this case Cantonese with a Guangzhou dialect When viewing the relation between standard and dialect more ... acceptance in the field as I did had I used Mandarin Thus, I would partly take issue with Malinowski, partly agree with him Fluency is too ambitious a demand, and probably reflects the fact that Malinowski...

Ngày tải lên: 04/05/2014, 13:14

... of original and restored images, σr and σx are standard deviations of original and restored images, r p and x p are the image contents of pth local window, and G is the number of local windows ... the input image and identifies pixels corrupted by salt and pepper noise Salt and pepper noise produces two-level pixels, namely, and 255 and, therefore, identification is straightforward Stage ... noise sample y j+1 is correlated with y j , and z j+1 is not correlated with y j which is a contradiction This is true for the subsequent elements in the sets Y and Z Therefore, x j+1 − zmed

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 16:20

... impulse noise with degradations Figure shows the results of images corrupted with 70% of noise with degradations Tables and show the MSE, PSNR, and IEF values (at different noise densities and artifacts) ... lines, white bands, black bands, blotches, and impulses with minimum of blurring is developed The performance is evaluated in terms of MSE, PSNR, and IEF The performance is compared with Lin’s adaptive ... filter and Lin’s algorithm cause blur in the images and not remove the degradations (Figures 2(c) and 2(d)–Figures 6(c) and 6(d)) The Gonzalez adaptive algorithm removes the strip lines and drop...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 00:20

... a stand Romero [36] and Manzano and Návar [23] recorded on average 22 shrub species in 0.1 plots and more than 5000 shrubs per in 0.025 plots Medium and small shrubs are common life forms, and ... irrigated and dry land agriculture, covering 18% of the region; and reservoirs, urban area, grasslands, and secondary native scrub forests, which cover the remaining area [1] 2.2 Data collection Within ... measurements, coupled with conventional forest inventory data to quantify aboveground biomass of tropical and Chinese forests Other procedures of stand biomass estimation use stand volume and weighted...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:20

... did not fall below -560 hPa (healthy stand) and -420 hPa (declining stand) in 15 cm soil depth, and -620 hPa (healthy stand) and -515 hPa (declining stand) in 40 cm depth, respectively The lowest ... evaluation of number and portion of mycorrhizal root tips was omitted Statistics All values are given as means with standard errors if not stated otherwise Medians and their standard errors are ... period in summer, and the variance within the stands was rather high at this time For statistical analyses, the Mann-Whitney ranked sum test (U-test), and the H-test by Kruskal and Wallis for comparisons...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 18:21

... suggested by the biochemical evidence of Harley and McCready (1952) The similarity of the photosynthetic rates of LP-M plants with HP-N and HP-M plants, without a concomitant increase in dry matter, ... ) only a small increase in phosphorus content and concentration within the plant; 2) no change in photosynthetic rate; and 3) an actual 12% grown with the regime caused: decrease in biomass This ... 100% for the LP-M and almost 80% for the HP-M was near seedlings seedlings (Fig f) Discussion and Conclusions Mycorrhizal development in seedlings grown...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 04:20

... the grand parental origins are known, progeny p may have received alleles from both its grand sires (T(Msl) = and T(Mdl) = 1, thus T(Ml) = 11), from its paternal grand sire and maternal grand dam ... its paternal grand dam and maternal grand sire (T(Ml) = 21), or from both its grand dams (T(Ml) = 22) The probabilities of the transmission events, given the marker phenotypes and parental phases ... group of eight markers is available (Figure 1) Markers M2 and M6 are ambiguous, with types 15 and 16 Markers and are fully informative (types and 2), the other markers are semi informative The tested...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... Institutional Analysis and Game Theory; Prof C Brassard and Prof D Jarvis for helping me understand Research Methodology; and Prof D J Thampapillai for helping me understand the basics of economic ... use of contract governance strategies with the private sector, and vice versa (Poppo and Zenger, 2002; Goo and Huang, 2008; Van Slyke, 2007 & 2009; Lamothe and Lamothe, 2012) Fifth, this thesis ... services (Romzek and Johnston, 2005; Guinness, 2011; Davis, 2007) and contracting in social services (Chen, 2010; Aamirkhanyan, 2012; Selden, Sowa and Sandfort, 2006; Thomson, 2001; Myhr and Sperkman,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/09/2015, 15:29