design production automation and integration

... Mold-making and sand-casting process (a) Cope pattern: ready to be filled with sand (b) Cope filled with sand; pattern removed (c) Drag pattern; ready to be filled with sand (d) Drag filled with sand; pattern ... favorable for casting and not others? Why is sand casting normally viewed as a process that lends itself easily to automation and mass production? Would you recommend sand casting for small-batch-size ... and the drag The sand used in making the mold is a carefully proportioned mixture of sand grains, clay, organic stretches, and a collection of synthetic binders The basic steps of making a sand...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 13:22

... seller, 10.2.2 Brand, 10.2.3 Description, and 10.2.4 Net weight of package Gross weight shall be shown where required 10 Packaging and Package Marking 10.1 Gypsum casting plaster and gypsum molding ... this standard that have been incorporated since the last issue Committee C-11 has highlighted those changes that affect the technical interpretation or use of this standard (1) This standard ... was converted from an inch-pound standard to a combined inch-pound/SI standard (2) Editorial changes were made throughout The American Society for Testing and Materials takes no position respecting...

Ngày tải lên: 10/07/2014, 23:20

... tint Low flammability and low smoke suit it for aircraft and transportation applications In addition, it can withstand rigorous handling and repeated steam sterilization cycles and is used in medical ... engineers and managers in consumer products and more complex engineering situations would wish to consult the handbook for initial materials selection and to verify their own understanding of ... approach of this handbook targets a very wide audiencedfrom students (graduate and undergraduate level) to professionalsd chemists, designers, technologists, scientists, and engineers and marketing/sales...

Ngày tải lên: 27/12/2014, 15:34

... computer science and engineering, and advances in technologies such as the design and manufacturing of very large scale integration (VLSI) chips The number of devices, systems, and applications ... response specifications and (2) procedures to design the filters using the hardware components Originally filters were designed using inductors, capacitors, and transformers and were terminated by ... filters: Transition bands much smaller than what can be achieved from analog filters; an example would be a lowpass filter with a bandwidth of 5000 Hz and a passband ripple of 0.5 dB, and 100 dB attenuation...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2012, 10:21

... silica sand and some raw linseed oil, a small percentage (1.5 to %) is poured in with the sand and then it is mixed very thoroughly to coat all the sand particles with the oil The core sand/oil ... bits plus the gates and the runners, and then fiddle around and try and make your sand moulds By mounting the split patterns carefully on the board along with the in gate’s and runners, will ensure ... the green sand very quickly The retempering can be carried out by hand shovel by cutting, turning & thumping the sand heap with the back of your sand shovel, or by hand sieving the sand through...

Ngày tải lên: 02/05/2013, 14:44

... response specifications and (2) procedures to design the filters using the hardware components Originally filters were designed using inductors, capacitors, and transformers and were terminated by ... filters: Transition bands much smaller than what can be achieved from analog filters; an example would be a lowpass filter with a bandwidth of 5000 Hz and a passband ripple of 0.5 dB, and 100 dB attenuation ... spectrum analyzers and synthesizers, vocoders (voice recorders), and similar devices, extremely low tolerances on the magnitude and phase responses over adjacent passbands are required, and digital...

Ngày tải lên: 29/09/2013, 21:20

... millions Sand mold is used Patterns and Cores – Solid, Split, Match-plate and Cope -and- drag Patterns – Cores – achieve the internal surface of the part • Molds – Sand with a mixture of water and bonding ... in Sand Casting The cavity in the sand mold is formed by packing sand around a pattern, separating the mold into two halves • Sand – Refractory for high temperature • Size and shape of sand – ... Casting of Ingot and Shape casting • Major Classification – Expandable Mold • A new mold is required for each new casting • Production rate is limited except Sand casting • Sand Casting, Shell...

Ngày tải lên: 16/01/2014, 11:37

... computers to more and more and to it faster The design of computers has now become more complex than ever before, and with the improved circuitry design, improved instruction sets, and improved algorithms ... parallel operation and can diminish both speed up and scale up, particularly: (i) start up and consolidation costs, (ii) interference and communication, and (iii) skew Start Up and Consolidation ... the resources—computing and data—are owned by different organizations Thus the design and evolution of individual resources are autonomous and independent of each other and are mostly heterogeneous...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... database processing can be found in Hameurlain and Morvan (DEXA 1995), Graefe and Cole (ACM TODS 1995), Shatdal and Naughton (SIGMOD 1995), and Ganguly, Goel, and Silberschatz (PODS 1996) Different authors ... processor 1, L–T to processor 2, and the rest to processor Therefore, Students Black and Chan go to processor 1, Robertson and Tan to processor 2, and Williamson and White to the last processor ... case especially if p1 D jRj=N =P and p2 involves skew and therefore will not equally be divided However, when both p1 and p2 are heavily skewed, the values of p1 and p2 may be modeled as equal,...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... according to the designated group-by attribute and performs the aggregate function Using Query 4.5 as an example, one node may produce, for example, (Math, 300) and (Science, 500) and another node ... merging costs First, the host processes all records, and hence R and jRj are used in the cost equations, 100 Chapter Parallel Sort and GroupBy not Ri and jRi j Second, since only one processor, namely ... Iyer and Dias (ICDE 1990) and DeWitt et al (1992) discuss systems issues in parallel database sorting Parallel sorting for databases uses external sorting methods Yamane and Take (1987) and Zhao...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... the join query result and the product of the two tables R and S For example, if there are 100 and 200 records from table R and table S, respectively, and the join between R and S produces 50 records, ... table S jRj and jSj Number of records in table R and table S jRi j and jSi j Number of records in table R and table S on node i P Page size H Hash table size Query parameters πR and πS Projectivity ... join) and Hua et al (VLDB 1991; IEEE TKDE 1995; proposing partition tuning to handle dynamic load balancing) Other work on skew handling and load balancing include DeWitt et al (VLDB 1992) and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... spread spread spread, but spread spread spread, but spread not random randomly randomly not random randomly randomly not random randomly Figure 7.26 A comparative table for parallel multi-index ... both operands are the same they not satisfy the predicate, and hence return a false result The difference between subset and sublist originated from the basic difference between sets and lists ... level, the worst case is where one leaf node on the left-hand side is replicated to the processor on the left and one leaf node on the right-hand side is also replicated Assuming that the index entry...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... and 33, and processors), load balancing is achieved by spreading and combining partitions to create more equal loads For example, buckets 11, 22 and 23 are placed at processor 1, buckets 13 and ... technique, Ž Divide and broadcast technique, Ž One-way divide and partial broadcast technique, and Ž Two-way divide and partial broadcast technique b Adopting the two-way divide and partial broadcast ... ceil.x//andg.n x/ < g.n f loor x// Noting that both f x/ and g.x/ are decreasing functions, and since x < ceil.x/, hence f x/ < f ceil.x//, and since x > floor.x/, hence n x < n floor.x/, and g.n...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... denoted as ST12 Since both transactions need to access DB2 and DB3 , the subtransactions would be (ST12 and ST13 ) and (ST22 and ST23 ) for T1 and T2 , respectively Data access must be synchronized ... queries, whereas Hong and Stonebraker (SIGMOD 1992 and DAPD 1993) proposed optimization based on interoperation and intraoperation for XPRS parallel database Hameurlain and Morvan (ICPP 1993, ... (ICDE 2006 and DAPD 2006) examined resource scheduling for grid query processing considering machine load and availability Li et al (DKE 2004) proposed an on-demand synchronization and load distribution...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... database systems are designed in a bottom-up fashion, that is, the system designer knows the design requirements before the system is designed and deployed On the other hand, a Grid database ... protocol, and explain how it solves the concurrency issues in the Grid 11.5 Compare and contrast the difference between GCC and any other concurrency control protocols (e.g., distributed databases and ... three-phase commit (3PC), and other variants of these protocols are used for homogeneous and heterogeneous distributed DBMS ACPs designed for homogeneous distributed DBMS are synchronous and tightly coupled...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... one hand, data replication can increase the performance and availability of the system, while on the other hand, if not designed properly, a replicated system can produce worse performance and ... SUM(CASE WHEN Mark FROM Students; BETWEEN BETWEEN BETWEEN BETWEEN BETWEEN 80 70 60 50 40 AND 100 AND 80 AND 70 AND 60 AND 50 THEN THEN THEN THEN THEN 1 1 ELSE ELSE ELSE ELSE ELSE 0 0 END) END) END) END) ... T D 0, D B1 , D B4 and D B5 (Y in Fig 14.2) being the chosen replicas for the quorum At T D 1, D B4 decides to abort and D B1 and D B5 decide to commit the subtransaction and hence are in the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... these candidate itemsets, and prunes all infrequent candidate 2-itemsets Ž In the third iteration, it again joins each of the frequent 2-itemsets and generates the following potential candidate ... element of s1 , and y the last item of s2 , the new candidate is if y is a single item element, or add y to x otherwise For candidate 2-sequences, for all x F1 and y F1 , join x and y to become ... example of candidate generation The table gives frequent 3-sequences, and we would like to use the joining and pruning to create candidate 4-sequences By joining the first sequence and the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/01/2014, 18:20

... Hz to 80 Hz; band is band-pass and covers 80 Hz to kHz; band is high-pass and covers above kHz; and band is also high-pass and covers above kHz At the encoder the gain of each band is adaptively ... each band if the signal level falls 45 dB below the maximum recording level The Dolby B and Dolby C systems are designed for consumer audio systems, and use two bands instead of the four bands ... number of bands and the pre-emphasis strategy that that they employ Dolby A, developed for professional use, divides the signal spectrum into four frequency bands: band is low-pass and covers...

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 13:20

... central role in the development of digital telecommunication and automation systems, and in efficient and optimal transmission, reception and decoding of information Statistical signal processing ... terms and in terms of probability functions Bayesian inference theory provides a generalised framework for statistical processing of random signals, and for formulating and solving estimation and ... stationary, non-stationary and ergodic processes are introduced in this chapter, and some important classes of random processes, such as Gaussian, mixture Gaussian, Markov chains and Poisson processes,...

Ngày tải lên: 25/01/2014, 13:20