deceptive imprinting insights into mechanisms of immune evasion and vaccine development

... availability of a range of structures of NNRTIresistant RTs drugs will provide greater understanding of the molecular basis of drug resistance mechanisms Such data will contribute to the design of novel ... the side-chain of Lys101 [24] Consistent with the reports of the selection of Lys101Glu in clinical use of efavirenz, the crystal structure of RT with this NNRTI shows a contact of the inhibitor ... there is also a shift in the position of nevirapine, with an average atom displacement ˚ ˚ of 0.3 A and a maximum movement of 0.5 A The side-chains of Tyr181 and Tyr188 are however, maintained in...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 13:20

... understanding of the generic principle of catalysis for this family of proteases Results and Discussion Fold of ervatamin-A The overall structure and fold of ervatamin-A is similar to that of ervatamin-B, ... investigation of the catalytic mechanism and substrate specificity and to understand the differences therein for this class of enzymes In order to identify the subsites of the ervatamins and to understand ... [27,35] and other members of the papain family, and is made up of two domains, L and R, with a V-shaped active site cleft at the interface of the domains (Fig 1) Substrate specificity and activity of...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... precursor cDNAs from X-organs of the two species, and analysed the peptide content of the sinus glands by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry to check for the presence of the peptides predicted from ... cloning of CHH precursor cDNAs from P bernhardus and G strigosa After RT-PCR and 3¢ and 5¢ RACE steps, a complete preproCHH cDNA sequence was obtained from the total RNA extract of XO cells of P ... Discussion Fig MALDI-TOF mass spectra of sinus gland extracts (A) Analysis of tissue equivalent to 0.03 SG from P bernhardus (B) Analysis of 0.03 SG equivalents from G strigosa sinus gland are located...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 07:20

... 2003 Fig Placement of BH4 in the catalytic site of PAH and TH Distance-energy diagrams obtained after docking BH4 into the active sites of PAH (A) and TH (B) Total energies of candidate positions ... the catalytic domains of PAH and TH Docking of the native cosubstrate BH4 into the crystal structure of the PAH catalytic domain yielded a total of 286 conformations Out of these, 44 conformations ... center of the ring and ˚ the iron atom was defined as 6.5 A (Fig 2) As previous Fig Ligands docked into the crystal structure of PAH and TH Placements suggested by FLEXX were considered relevant and...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 07:20

... results of the present study and from previous ones on the role of CCR1 and its ligand CCL3 in the pathogenesis of MS [39,40,42] and EAE [22,44,46], have provided evidence for an important role of ... chosen for histopathology and evaluation of CCR1, CCR2 and CCR5 mRNA expression in the spinal cord Vertical bars represent mean and standard error of the mean Preparation of radioactively labelled ... formation of focal areas of demyelination [31] and axonal injury and loss [32] Our results demonstrate a prominent accumulation of monocytes and macrophages expressing CCR1, CCR2 or CCR5 mRNA within and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... molecule–ligand pairs With the original costimulatory ligand pairs of B7-1/B7-2 and CD28/CTLA-4 there is now a fairly detailed biochemical and cell biological understanding of their properties and their ... the identification of the co-receptor and detailed studies of the cell biology and signaling properties of these molecules We and others have recently identified another member of the B7 family, ... important in tumor immune evasion and would also be a suitable target of anti-tumor immunotherapy Costimulation and various regulatory T cells: FOXP3, GITR, and ‘anti-suppression’ To understand how the...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 01:24

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 06:34

... the 5’- and 3’ UTR, and TRS of leader (TRS-L) and each ORF (TRS-B), and this is mediated by protein-RNA and protein-protein interactions comprising of both viral and cellular proteins Many of the ... CD Curvature and scission of membrane? M-S CD Incorporation of nucleocapsid into virion M-N CD Incorporation of nucleocapsid into virion M-N-gRNA ? Encapsidation of genomic RNA into virion TM: ... INTERACTION (II): CHARACTERISATION OF HOST ANTIVIRAL MECHANISMS AGAINST CORONAVIRUS INFECTION AND CORONAVIRAL STRATEGIES OF IMMUNE EVASION 4.1 CHARACTERIZATION OF HOST ANTIVIRAL MECHANISMS AGAINST CORONAVIRUS...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:07

... why coastal lands in Nghia Hung district (Nam Dinh) and Kim Son (Ninh Binh) are extended every year The issue of sediment transport and changes in morphology of rivers, estuaries and coastal areas ... trends and changes of coastlines in some specific cases In addition, the process of shifts and changes of coastlines was not considered in this study Therefore, to assess the phenomenon fully and ... area of an element is 1250m2 in region of river estuaries such as Day, Ninh Co and BaLat, the largest area is 25km2 in offshore region The domain includes 2879 nodes with the coarse resolution of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/03/2014, 18:20

... protein and truncated variants thereof Western blot reactivity towards the N protein and truncated variants thereof (A) Schematic presentation of the full length and deleted variants of the RVFV ... (0.1, 0.3, 1.0 and 3.0 μg/ml) each vaccine group were consolidated and evaluated together In the groups of mice immunised with the N or the GN/GC constructs, four of eight and five of eight animals, ... structural proteins of RVFV The elicited immune responses towards the N, GN, GC and GN/GC proteins after gene-gun immunisation were analysed and the protective abilities of the N and the GN/ GC construct...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:21

... with tandem duplicates Finally, we preserved 410 and 680 pairs resulting from We identified 1,210 tandem duplicates and 410 retrogenes in the human genome, and 1,802 tandem duplicates and 680 ... retention of both types of duplicates Discussion Dosage effect is more prevalent in tandem duplicates Of the two key dimensions to determine the retention mechanisms, we have found that the extent of ... V, Zhang L: A roadmap of tandemly arrayed genes in the genomes of human, mouse, and rat Mol Biol Evol 2006, 23:2134-2141 15 Pan D, Zhang L: Quantifying the major mechanisms of recent gene duplications...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

Ngày tải lên: 13/11/2014, 16:19

... the interest and spread payments and the timing of the repayment of principal For example, a 2-year CAT bond subject to the payment of interest and a spread premium might convert into a 10-year ... measures of the catastrophic event such as the wind speed and location of a hurricane or the magnitude and location of an earthquake There are a number of factors to consider in the choice of a trigger ... the supply and demand sides of the market If insurers and reinsurers are on both sides of the market, the market cannot be said to have attracted very much new capital into the financing of catastrophic...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 04:20

... Institute of Child Health and Human Development ’ and inserting ‘‘Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development ’; (7) in the heading of subpart of part C of title ... Institute of Child Health and Human Development as the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the ... striking ‘‘National Institute of Child Health and Human Development ’ and inserting ‘‘Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development ’; and (10) in section 1122 (42...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 10:20

... institutions, voluntary and youth-serving agencies, management positions within the travel and tourism industry and as resource managers of local, state, and federal parks and related lands and waters The ... Architecture, Arts, and Humanities and the College of Health, Education, and Human Development See page 60 for the curriculum 107 NURSING Bachelor of Science The Bachelor of Science degree program ... each nursing course College of Health, Education, and Human Development PARKS, RECREATION, AND TOURISM MANAGEMENT Bachelor of Science The Department of Parks, Recreation, and Tourism Management prepares...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 15:21

... Relevance of Issue as Business Concern Become Aware of and Knowledgeable About Issue Employers can use information from this Summary Report of the National Study of Business Strategy and Workforce Development ... National Study of Business Strategy and Workforce Development offered insights about factors that could make it difficult to implement and/ or expand the types of workplace flexibility initiatives ... Ph.D., is Co-Director of the Center on Aging & Work/Workplace Flexibility He is also the Dean of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences and a Professor in the Department of Psychology at Boston...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 02:20

... Financial Audit of the Housing and Community Development Corporation of Hawaii A Report to the Governor and the Legislature of the State of Hawaii Conducted by The Auditor State of Hawaii and KPMG LLP ... This is a report of our financial audit of the Housing and Community Development Corporation of Hawaii, State of Hawaii The audit was conducted by the Office of the Auditor and the independent ... all departments, offices, and agencies of the State and its political subdivisions The audit was conducted by the Office of the Auditor and the certified public accounting firm of KPMG LLP We wish...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 02:20

... needs assessment, development, grant application, and administration of supportive services programs and grants for families and residents of the corporation’s housing projects and the homeless, ... met and resources are safeguarded This chapter presents our findings and recommendations on the financial accounting and internal control practices and procedures of the Housing and Community Development ... selection of the design of and materials used in the project CMS II staff, under the direction of the development administrator, met with employees from the state Department of Accounting and General...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 02:20

... This chapter presents the results of the financial audit of the Housing and Community Development Corporation of Hawaii, State of Hawaii (corporation) as of and for the fiscal year ended June ... statements of the corporation are intended to present the financial position, results of operations, and cash flows of only that portion of the funds and account groups of the State of Hawaii ... combined financial statements of the Housing and Community Development Corporation of Hawaii, State of Hawaii (corporation), as of and for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2000, and have issued our report...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 02:20

... statement of revenues and expenditures – budget and actual (budgetary basis) – general and special revenue fund types A comparison of budgeted and actual revenues and expenditures of the general and ... of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the combined financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenditures during the ... The recognition of gains from the sale of units is dependent on a number of factors relating to the nature of the property sold, the terms of the sale, and the future involvement of the corporation...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 02:20