data structures in web information retrieval

... are not included in the estimate Other operations such as initializing positionOfCurrentMax and incrementing the for loop index i are also not included in the estimate int max(int [] a, int n) ... subsequent n insertions, it in fact only adds Θ(1) time per insertion Since the cost of an insertion is Ω(1), this does not result in an asymptotic increase in insertion time In general, increasing array ... Internet Routing, Web Search Engines, Databases, Data Mining, Scientific Computing, Geographical Information Systems, Computational Geometry, Computational Biology, VLSI Floorplanning and Layout,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/09/2015, 09:45

... that there are other reasons, including the cost involved in defending a claim, the low likelihood of the case ending up in court, and the uncertainty involved in proving that a claim is not meritorious, ... and other general information regarding firms This information allows one to examine, for instance, whether firms bear more of the burden of a tax in one industry relative to other industries, or ... pertains to the role of information technology in the payroll tax system Part Two deals with how an employer would react to a one percentage point increase in the payroll tax in terms of changing...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 08:20

... the intensionai logic In this section we illustrate this point by showing how definitely referenced sets, information about kinds, indefinitely identified sets, and generic information can be stated ... predicating something of a bare plural, KIND is used; for instance, cats as in cats are ferocious is represented as (KIND CATS) An indefinite set arising as a bare plural in a VP is represented using ... requiring common sense reasoning can be 194 handled using limited inference algorithms on a taxonomic language Arguments supporting this hypothesis appear in [2, 13] for interpreting nominal compounds;...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... Challenges Fingerprinting Objectives 2.1 A Symmetric Interactive IP Fingerprinting Technique 2.2 General Fingerprinting Assumptions 2.3 Context for Fingerprinting in IP Protection 2.4 Fingerprinting ... design flow with watermarking process.) 17 Fingerprinting in system design process (left: iterative fingerprinting technique; right: constraint addition based fingerprinting technique.) 18 1.4 1.5 ... is increasing with the advances in data mining tools The Web cookie was invented by Lou Montulli for Netscape in 1994 to enable online shopping baskets Before then, there was no way of figuring...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 12:20

... Electrical Engineering, University, S-58183 Linkoping, Sweden [reiner@isy.liu.se] Linkoping R E I N E R LENZ CHUN L I (395), Institute of Mathematics, Academia Sinica, Beijing 100080, China Contributors ... for continuous-time signals, the case of oversampling by an integer factor It is shown again how, in this case, the Zak transform can be helpful in determining a (no longer unique) window function ... results in an expandable W-H system A window of size 201 results in point (20,10) being a zero singular value in Zak transform space Complexity In the case of real input and real analysis signals,...

Ngày tải lên: 05/06/2014, 11:56

... Cataloguing in Publication Data Data available Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Data available Typeset by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India Printed in Great Britain ... enshrines these principles is a pioneering practical document for organising non-unitary sovereignty; as is well known, however, it retains a bias in favour of allocating powers, including powers ... certain vulnerable individuals and minorities The second innovation is to bring non-state, non-territorial actors—including nongovernmental organisations and transnational corporations—carefully into...

Ngày tải lên: 10/06/2014, 22:17

... within each sink after the partitioning process, as in SIMWAL Delocalizing and prioritizing Rm at the whole plant level prevents some sinks from getting resources in abundance while other sinks ... directly, by labelling the C flowing from each source and tracing it to each sink [51, 78] or indirectly, from the growth rates of the different sinks [37, 44, 50] In the latter case no distinction is ... in relation to changes in the relative aboveground vs belowground sink activities, e.g fruit growth [11] Generally, changes in the source:sink ratio (e.g by removing either some sources or sinks)...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:22

... Maintaining a similar range of tones when working in digital media is important Layering in analog media typically occurs when media is applied successively in multiple passes, creating an interaction ... consideration, including drafted linework, texturing, and layering of media The basis for almost every rendering starts with a well-drafted measured drawing with good lineweights and high-fidelity linework ... appears in print may not be available in electronic books For more information about Wiley products, visit our web site at www.wiley.com Library of Congress Cataloging -in- Publication Data: Digital...

Ngày tải lên: 26/03/2016, 18:42

... know them This feeling of absence can be transferred into a feeling of loss The image of phantom pain that Epstein introduced is linked to this; they experience the pain of losing someone they ... they knew in reply to my questions (39) 19 The next step of the quest was writing to many institutions to gain very precise information Later on, this information could be found by internet searches ... grandmother‘s wedding notice: ―I find their wedding notice in the archives of the Adler Society in Vienna‖ (De Waal 2010: 223) De Waal also mentions the travels he made to find information, we...

Ngày tải lên: 14/04/2016, 18:03

... were included to probe user’s post tutoring perceptions We find a trend that in the NM problems it was easier for users to understand the system’s main point (Q14) However, in terms of identifying ... result, the instruction did not match the initial essay quality Nonetheless, in the openquestion interviews, many users indicated using 365 the NM as a reference while updating their essay In addition ... discourse structure information to display a segmented interaction history (SIH): an indented view of the interaction augmented with purpose information This paper extends over their work in several areas...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 12:20

... Dynamic models contain incomplete information, and the sets, relations, and functions in these models can be incompletely specified (their domains are usually incomplete) In PTQ, some phrases ... for maintaining the correctness of the denotations of ~-expressions basically involves incorporating the table from the first mechanism into the model In effect, the R-expressions become meanin6ful ... domain to include a distinguishing element Since the formulas are equivalent in all possible worlds, the expected distinguishing element must be an "impossible" world end its denotation in the...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... outputs is an instance; each rule copies idiosyncratic information from the input frame while avoiding copying information which can still be inherited; each rule takes as input a single-word lexical ... to inherit information along more than one inheritance path For example, the lexical frame for the finite verb work# is not only an instance of FINITE (a subclass of V E R B ) , but also an instance ... to be mentio,ted in the entry for make below; put differently, the relative lack of grammatical information appearing in the make entry below is a consequence of our maintaining the strong position...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 20:20

... definite and indefinite, in Eeneric as well as in non-Eenerlc sentences) we have To pack more information into discourse referents than in standard DRT In addition, we will have To explain how Those ... the universe of discourse The remaining information conrained in the sentence defines the conditions on the discourse referents Now the conflict between the two interpretations of noun phrases ... carries_home(H,D):- Thus we 16 are have to AEain, we have To expand pronouns into newly created discourse referents, and aEain we must determine what information has to be packed into these new discourse referents...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 10:20

... decide on what information is relevant We include here some suggestions that are intended as a starting point to guide you in this process of examining the material itself and recording information ... Photographic Dept Metadata Library Cataloging Finding Aids Imaging / Publications Dept Collection Management Finding Aids Text Encoding Literature / Language / Computing Science Depts / Information Management ... Cataloging / Information Management Finding Aids Electronic Texts Finding Aids / Information Management External Resources Identifying resources outside your immediate department, unit or institution...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 14:20

... techniques: instead of creating a Dutch building style, Disney-like Efteling architecture comes into being In reaction, [some] architects […] leave this kind of historicizing construction behind They incorporate ... search […] leading in most cases to eclecticism and in some to an interesting synthesis The fourth category is of being modern, the overriding concerns being originality and dealing with the twentieth ... lighting of candles, [and] no […] incense.’8 This choice of words was no coincidence, since saintly images, memorial tablets, relics, incense burning, candle lighting and devotional singing were...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 23:20

... contextual information would be likely to shock some people (including myself) Finally, if we wanted to select (Ta',~b') , we would have to believe that to be wise and to wake up late in the morning ... hearer's) beliefs are taken into account at this level; all of the informative meaning carried by the sentence can be represented at this level (in particular, the logical information as well as the ... sentences containing this kind of connectives, since I haven't found, as yet, simple sentences imposing conditions on argumentation ~le form of this kind of formulae is shown in the discussion...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

... context (e.g in voice assimilation) Note that delinking in the present form of the machine consists of adding an inhibitory link leading to the feature to be delinked INFORMATION PROCESSING WITH ... problems arising from morphological processes, i.e to fix ill-formed representations resulting from affixation by supplying m i s s i n g features (e.g in vowel harmony), linking or delinking features ... maps) is that they may contain missing steps, i.e d i s t i n g u i s h e d nodes encoding lack of information concerning the way between two nodes Missing steps can be eliminated by unification,...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 02:20

... the femininity vs the masculinity traits, for example, the elaborate makeup, costume, mannerism, drinking cocktails, friendship, emotion vs swearing, anger, drinking, sarcasm and fighting elements ... bonnety thing" (Mitzi) Their femininity is juxtapose with their drag queen glamorous, elaborate fluoro green dresses, shot against their rugged climbing boots, standing in the middle of the outback ... that the three drag queens are excepted by the Aborigines is intriguing in that the larger townships not accept them as they accept aborigines The two films "Sunday Too Far Away" and Priscilla...

Ngày tải lên: 21/03/2014, 22:49

... features are important in order to gain linguistic insights into the problem Specifically, we measure the informativeness of a feature by computing its information gain (see p.22 of Quinlan (1993) for ... an important role in determining its anaphoricity Conclusions We have examined two largely unexplored issues in computing and using anaphoricity information for improving learning-based coreference ... than CBGO in improving the baseline, underperforming its constraint-based counterpart in 11 of the 12 cases In fact, FBGO is able to significantly improve the corresponding baseline in only four...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 03:20

... coping efforts SIS was partly predicted by age, indicating older people on average having higher SIS scores This finding suggests more successful adaptation to the disease with increasing age In ... including cognitive debriefing sessions It is not clear if using a single question on degree of suffering in this context is indeed helpful First, it should be obvious that the concept of suffering ... suffering These differences in distribution also argue in favour of measuring suffering with a visual and indirect method such as the PRISM-RII The PRISM has been proven useful in measuring aspects...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20