data collection methods and procedures

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

... Procurement Demand pattern Techn.characterist. /procedures Degree of competition Tariff level and structure Product quality PROJECT (stage of development at the time of appraisal varies) Technology and Design ... international standards Least-polluting technology EIB-R van Zonneveld 12 KEY ELEMENTS FOR APPRAISAL { { { { 15 June 07 Market prospects Demand pattern Degree of competition Tariff level and structure ... Units; involvement of Consultants Review of Procurement Procedures and Evaluation Process Identification of Implementation Difficulties and Remedial Measures EIB-R van Zonneveld 19 Special Issues...

Ngày tải lên: 04/10/2015, 20:24

... and the initial part of the data collection, a process which they continued throughout their careers A fascinating account of the original collection and processing of the life course data, and ... this one, and the records are all plotted in Figure 1.2 This figure demonstrates little more than the need for careful methods of summarizing and analyzing collections of functional data Data of ... insight, and is an excellent way into applying and adapting methods to one’s own data To help this process, there is a Web site associated with the text The Web site contains many of the data sets and...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2017, 10:28

... mistake and overwrite or otherwise change our data, we can easily go back and reconstruct our correct data without having to start at square one with our internet search, data downloading, and so ... Chapter 02 - Collection and Management of Data Short Answer Questions When working with cross-section data, how you choose the appropriate unit of observation? Explain Why are data management ... worksheet identifying all data sources so that if we make a mistake and overwrite or otherwise change our data, we can more easily go back and reconstruct our exact data set without having to...

Ngày tải lên: 16/11/2017, 15:54

... is purely to act as a holder of utility methods and fields A static class cannot contain any instance data or methods, and it does not make sense to try and create an object from a static class ... methods, and called both of these types of methods You have also implemented instance and static fields You have seen how to make fields and methods accessible by using the public keyword, and how ... program and return to Visual Studio 2005 Congratulations You have successfully created a class, and used constructors to initialize the fields in a class You have created instance and static methods, ...

Ngày tải lên: 15/12/2013, 00:15

... determined by the "right hand rule" while the magnitude depends on the rate of change of the x- and ycomponents of the vector field with respect to y and x 19 Numerical Methods and Data Analysis The ... accuracy is 27 Numerical Methods and Data Analysis determined by the analyst and he must be careful not to aim too high and carry out grossly inefficient calculations, or too low and obtain meaningless ... very fast and cheap computers has enabled investigators to use inefficient methods and still obtain answers in a timely fashion However, with the avalanche of data about to descend on more and more...

Ngày tải lên: 20/12/2013, 19:15

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 03:20

... WELFARE POPULATIONS Data Collection and Research Issues Panel on Data and Methods for Measuring the Effects of Changes in Social Welfare Programs Michele Ver Ploeg, Robert A Moffitt, and Constance ... populations : data collection and research issues : Panel on Data and Methods for Measuring the Effects of Changes in Social Welfare Programs / Michele Ver Ploeg, Robert A Moffitt, and Constance ... Populations: Data Collection and Research Issues (2002) Panel on Data and Methods for Measuring the Effects of Changes in Social Welfare Programs, Michele Ver Ploeg, Robert A Moffitt, and Constance...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 15:20

... Part 1-40: Measurement methods and test procedures – Attenuation – Part 1-41: Measurement methods and test procedures – Bandwidth – Part 1-42: Measurement methods and test procedures – Chromatic ... 1-43: Measurement methods and test procedures – Numerical aperture – Part 1-44: Measurement methods and test procedures – Cut-off wavelength – Part 1-45: Measurement methods and test procedures – ... Measurement methods and test procedures for dimensions – parts 1-30 to 1-39: Measurement methods and test procedures for mechanical characteristics – parts 1-40 to 1-49: Measurement methods and test procedures...

Ngày tải lên: 04/04/2014, 11:52

... intensive and standardized data collection approaches within a larger clinic observational database presented us with a unique opportunity to assess the quality of data collection in the clinic database ... use and interpretation of data derived from routine HIV observational databases for research and audit, and they highlight the need for ongoing regular validation of key data items in these databases ... research cohort and clinic databases was 24.1 (20.5-28.2) and 13.2 (10.8-16.2), respectively, and 10.4 (9.1-11.9) for the 1233 patients in the clinic database This represents a 1.8- and 2.3-fold...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 08:20

... tree height = axis persists to top of tree Data collection Indexing information on the field data sheets Data sheets should be prepared with layout and treatment information included: replicate ... on the data sheet should be used for each experimental unit (usually a tree) Measurements such as height and diameter are put in columns across the data sheet after the indexing columns Data sheet ... not * Missing trees and variates repl plot tree seedlot height dbh 1 5.6 4.8 1 5.8 4.9 1 * * 1 4 * * 1 1.1 Check the data !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! There will always be mistakes in the data! Mistakes arise...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 12:20

... Summary of variables, data collection methods and instruments, types and timings of data collected Variables Instrument Data collected Level and data source Time period Structural and functional characteristics ... Helsinki, Finland Authors’ contributions The study was conceived by MPE, JJF, MJ, NS, JMG, ME, GH, and MH The study was run by SH and MPE with data handling and analyses by SH, ES, JP, and NS, and ongoing ... and standard deviations of scores for team function and organisational behaviour measures, for general and diabetes specific measures and illness sickness absence and intention to leave GPs and...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 10:23

... Transmission, and Representation 27 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Initial Design Considerations 2.2.1 Selecting a Patient Population 2.2.2 Data Collection Location and Length 2.2.3 Energy and Data Transmission ... between the LL and average of the arm leads; aVR is the difference between the RA and the average of LL and LA, and aVL is the difference between the LA and the average of the RA and LL Since there ... Artifacts, and Missing Data 55 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Spectral and Cross-Spectral Analysis of the ECG 3.2.1 Extreme Low- and High-Frequency ECG 3.2.2 The Spectral Nature of Arrhythmias 3.3 Standard...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 12:20

... more frequently during data collection, it is important to test proposed algorithms on freely available (annotated) data, using standard tools and metrics Without such data and tools, it is impossible ... Transmission, and Representation questions to ask when choosing a data format and access libraries include: • • • • • • • • • • • • • What are the data going to be used for? Are the data format and libraries ... correct for unbalanced data sets or low numbers, such as bootstrap methods 2.2.2 Data Collection Location and Length When collecting ECG data from subjects, it is important to consider what the subject...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 12:20

... input feature space See Chapters 12 and 13 for further discussions of training, test, and validation data sets 3.6 Noise and Artifact in the ECG 3.6.1 Noise and Artifact Sources Unfortunately, ... noises and artifacts (see above) that can occur simultaneously, and partially because these noises and artifacts are often transient, and largely unpredictable in terms of their onset and duration ... http://ideas.repec.org/p/dgr/kubcen/200446.html Brown, M L., and J F Kros, “The Impact of Missing Data on Data Mining,” in John Wang, (ed.), Data Mining: Opportunities and Challenges, Hershey, PA: IRM Press, 2003,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 12:20

... with means f1 , f2 and standard deviations c1 , c2 Power in the LF and HF bands is 2 given by σ1 and σ2 , respectively, whereas the variance equals the total area σ = 2 2 σ1 + σ2 and the LF/HF ratio ... interbeat interval increment data and (3) the Poisson excursion law in small RR increments [72] The cascade consisted of a discrete fragmentation process and assigned random weights to the cascade ... templates [77], Fourier and AR models [78], singular value decomposition-based techniques [79, 80], and more complex methods such as neural network classifiers [81–83], and finite element models...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 12:20

... (observation) data by a separation or demixing matrix Lossless PCA and ICA both involve projecting data onto a set of axes which are determined by the nature of those data, and are therefore methods ... deviation of xn , and µz and σz are the mean and standard deviation of zn A value of ρ ∼ reflects a strong correlation, ρ ∼ −1 implies a strong anticorrelation, and ρ ∼ indicates that xn and zn are ... zn , and the original noise-free signal, xn The cross-correlation coefficient ρ between xn and zn is given by [51] ρ= [xn − µx ][zn − µz ] σ x σz (6.13) where µx and σx are the mean and standard...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 12:20

... strengths and limitations of TWA analysis methods, broadly comprising short-term Fourier transform (STFT)–based methods (highpass linear filtering), sign-change counting, and nonlinear filtering methods ... locations and parameters derived from these (such as the P, Q, and T onset and hence the PR and QT interval) are easily extracted Onsets and offsets are conventionally difficult to locate in the ECG, ... wave and the ST level are more sensitive to noise power and color Future research will concentrate on methods to constrain the fit for particular applications where performance is substandard...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 12:20

... from the data window covering the PQ segment and QRS complex, and the other from the data window covering the ST segment and the initial portion of the T wave (see Figure 9.2) QRS complex and ST ... [13] and during the development of the long-term ST database (LTST DB) [14], a standard reference for assessing the quality of AECG analyzers The procedure appears to be reliable and accurate and ... baseline wander caused by respiration and body movements, high-frequency random noises caused by mains interference (50 Hz, 60 Hz) and muscular activity, and random shifts of the ECG signal amplitude...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 12:20

... at random (with replacement; that is, a newly chosen record put back) from the original database, and performance statistics are derived for each new database The mean, standard deviation and ... 10.3.1 Reference Databases Two freely available international reference databases to develop and evaluate ST segment analyzers are currently in use: the ESC DB [1] and the LTST DB [35], and as such ... accurate measurement and tracking of ST segment levels and (2) detection of ST segment change episodes with correct identification of the beginning and end of each episode, and the time and magnitude...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 12:20