cytoskeletal tumor suppressor genes

... Wilkening U, Brieske N, Zwingman C, Kidess A, Stricker S, Mundlos S: Detection of novel skeletogenesis target genes by comprehensive analysis of a Runx2–/– mouse model Gene Expr Patterns 2007, 7:102-112 ... matrix metalloproteinase 13; OA = osteoarthritis; TGFβ = transforming growth factor beta; TNF = tumor necrosis factor 18 Competing interests The authors declare that they have no competing interests ... Notoya K, Nakamura Y, Ikegawa S: An aspartic acid repeat polymorphism in asporin inhibits chondrogenesis and increases susceptibility to osteoarthritis Nat Genet 2005, 37:138-144 40 Rodriguez-Lopez...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 11:22

... known tumor suppressor proteins involved in cell-cycle regulation, are also found as targets of Mll1 [36] Mll1 is also linked to the expression of a variety of genes linked with leukemogenesis ... addition to cell-cycle regulatory genes, MLL1 plays important roles in the regulation of stressresponsive genes MLL3 and MLL4 act as a p53 coactivator (a tumor suppressor gene) and are required ... active and repressed genes [36] These studies also demonstrated that beyond HOX genes, Mll1 regulates diverse other gene types that are involved in differentiation and organogenesis pathways (such...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 14:20

... [2,4] The JNK family comprises three distinct genes, JNK1-3, with further structural diversity due to alternative mRNA splicing The Jnk1 and Jnk2 genes are expressed ubiquitously, whereas expression ... PTP1B, acts as a positive mediator of the ErbB2-induced signaling pathways that trigger mammary tumorigenesis and metastasis [12,13], and the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2 is necessary for activation ... mutant (JKAP-C88S) blocked tumor necrosis factor-a-induced JNK activation Moreover, in murine JKAP– ⁄ – embryonic stem cells, JNK activation was abolished in response to tumor necrosis factor-a...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 14:20

... it may assist in activation or repression of TGFb ⁄ BMP target genes at the nuclear envelope It is formally possible that such genes code for antagonists of TGFb ⁄ BMP signaling and their expression ... not yet known which exact genes are under transcriptional control by MAN1, but the fact that haploinsufficiency of MAN1 causes severe bone disorders [17] suggests that the genes in question are central ... synthesis and degradation, and the control of epithelial ⁄ mesenchymal interactions during embryogenesis Other functions include wound healing and the FEBS Journal 274 (2007) 1374–1382 ª 2007 The...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 02:20

... for GD according to its pathogenesis, such as genes involved in immune reactions, immunological regulation and thyroid specific proteins 3.1 Immunological synapse genes The immunological synapse ... TPOAb levels [61] 4.7 Cytokine genes, immune related genes and others According to recent advances in the understanding of immune cell subsets and cytokines, several genes encoding different inflammatory ... susceptibility genes for GO [80], although they are still controversial because of a lack of confirmation of the results 5.6 Other genes GO has reported to be associated with several genes involved...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 21:20

... of the Itk signaling pathway results in reduced NFAT activation and expression of NFAT-regulated genes [30] NFATc1 ⁄ NFAT2 is selectively upregulated after TCR stimulation in CD4+ iNKT cells and ... receptors Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 86, 5928–5932 Heilig JS & Tonegawa S (1986) Diversity of murine gamma genes and expression in fetal and adult T lymphocytes Nature 322, 836–840 Korman AJ, Marusic-Galesic ... Takagaki Y, Nakanishi N, Ishida I, Kanagawa O & Tonegawa S (1989) T cell receptor-gamma and -delta genes preferentially utilized by adult thymocytes for the surface expression J Immunol 142, 2112–2121...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 22:21

... for GD according to its pathogenesis, such as genes involved in immune reactions, immunological regulation and thyroid specific proteins 3.1 Immunological synapse genes The immunological synapse ... TPOAb levels [61] 4.7 Cytokine genes, immune related genes and others According to recent advances in the understanding of immune cell subsets and cytokines, several genes encoding different inflammatory ... susceptibility genes for GO [80], although they are still controversial because of a lack of confirmation of the results 5.6 Other genes GO has reported to be associated with several genes involved...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 09:20

... 24.6 24.7 24.7.1 24.7.2 24.8 24.9 Vasculogenesis Georg Breier Introduction 909 Modes of Blood Vessel Morphogenesis: Vasculogenesis, Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis 909 Endothelial Cell Differentiation ... Arteriogenesis and Vasculogenesis 911 Endothelial Cell Growth and Differentiation Factors 912 VEGF and VEGF Receptors 913 Other VEGF Family Members: Involvement in Angiogenesis and Lymphangiogenesis ... Aberrant Wnt signal activation in carcinogenesis 13 The Notch Signaling Pathway 13 Notch Signaling During Hematopoiesis 14 Notch1 Functions as a Tumor Suppressor in Mouse Skin 15 Notch Signaling...

Ngày tải lên: 03/04/2014, 12:05

... have used Arabidopsis gene chips to identify those genes that are more active in roots of A halleri than A thaliana under controlled conditions Two genes showing highest levels of expression in A ... and many higher plants and their cell cultures (Inouhe 2005) In addition, overexpression of PCS genes efficiently increases the Cd-tolerance in plants as well as in yeast and bacteria For example, ... gene (PCS1, CAD2) in 1999 (Clemens et al 1999; Ha et al 1999; Vatamaniuk et al 1999), various PCS genes have been isolated from different species of plants and other organisms such as yeast, nematode,...

Ngày tải lên: 29/05/2014, 17:23

... oral mucosa, necrosis occurred [5] BP was shown to stimulate bone progenitor cells toward osteogenesis in vitro [6] In addition, the administration of zoledronic acid to oral gingival fibroblasts...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 19:20

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 00:20

... oral mucosa, necrosis occurred [5] BP was shown to stimulate bone progenitor cells toward osteogenesis in vitro [6] In addition, the administration of zoledronic acid to oral gingival fibroblasts...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 04:20

... Cancer Definitions, NLM • Benign tumor – A malignant tumor that has the ability to metastasize or invade into surrounding tissues – A tumor that does not metastasize • Tumor (Neoplasm) • Metastasis ... of Environmental Toxicology Example: Teratogenesis Example: Teratogenesis, Five Legged Frog 21 22 Principles of Environmental Toxicology Example: Teratogenesis, OH N Quinolizidine alkaloids Anagyrine ... Function • • • • • Nucleotides form chains nucleotides form a codon Multiple codons form genes Multiple genes form chromosomes Multiple chromosomes form DNA • Translation = protein formation –...

Ngày tải lên: 09/07/2014, 08:21

Ngày tải lên: 29/07/2014, 10:20

... microarrays revealed the activity of genes that are normally expressed only in intestinal epithelial cells “We nearly fell off our chairs when we saw all these intestinal genes coming up,” says Hogan ... hybridizing labeled mRNA or cDNA from a sample to the microarray, transcripts from all expressed genes can be assayed simultaneously • Metaplasia is the transformation of tissue from one type to ... transcription factors of the TCF/LEF family, thereby triggering the transcription of various downstream genes • The activation process can be mimicked by a fusion protein that includes portions of both...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... 40:317-331 29 McKeller RN, Fowler JL, Cunningham JJ, Warner N, Smeyne RJ, Zindy F, Skapek SX: The Arf tumor suppressor gene promotes hyaloid vascular regression during mouse eye development Proc Natl Acad ... eye segment as well as for retinal patterning has previously been proposed [21,24] Mutation in genes causing lens anomalies and subsequent abnormal eye formation has further supported this hypothesis ... to persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous, including those mutant for the Arf1, Bmp4, or p53 genes [29-31] In these models, normal postnatal regression of the primary vitreous fails, resulting...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 18:21

... [81,82] Yang and colleagues [83] investigated the promoter methylation status of major tumor suppressor genes including SOCS1, GSTP (pi-class glutathione S-transferase), APC (adenomatous polyposis ... hepatocarcinogenesis [75] SOCS1 could be a novel anti-oncogene that accelerates inflammation-induced carcinogenesis DNA hypermethylation of the SOCS1 gene is also found in several solid tumors derived ... 186:59-65 83 Yang B, Guo M, Herman JG, Clark DP: Aberrant promoter methylation profiles of tumor suppressor genes in hepatocellular carcinoma Am J Pathol 2003, 163:1101-1107 84 Takahashi T, Shivapurkar...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 06:23

... of phagocytes by M tuberculosis, the cause of human tuberculosis, in terms of phagocytic entry, genesis of a replication vacuole and cell-to-cell dissemination Soldati argued that this model is...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:21

... expressed genes from to d For both treatments, there were approximately equal numbers of genes showing upregulation or downregulation by d, but induced genes outnumbered repressed genes for and ... treatments Cell cycle-related genes Similar numbers of cell cycle genes were identified in the two datasets of differentially expressed genes, including two classes of regulatory genes, cyclin and cyclindependent ... photosynthesis-related genes than NAA, in both treatments over 90% of the differentially expressed genes related to chloroplast function were repressed (Additional file 5, Table S3) The affected genes function...

Ngày tải lên: 11/08/2014, 11:21