consumer behavior the basics

Ngày tải lên: 27/03/2015, 14:04

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2015, 10:06

... either because they realize that they need to in order to grow their business or because they are forced to so by their customers or consumers who are not buying as much of their products as they ... personal time, of which there’s never enough, to the book They’ve added content, been there to think through new ideas, advanced their own theories, and helped us to bring it all together Thanks to Ric ... numerous theories about why things are the way they are, but few companies have taken the steps necessary to validate Team-Fly® MARKETING IS NOT AN ART—IT IS A SCIENCE these theories The need...

Ngày tải lên: 07/02/2013, 09:52

... it can to make a profit; even at the expense of the consumer These surveys also indicate that the public believes the following: CONSUMER BELIEFS 1) 2) 3) 4) The quality of goods and services ... duller or softer tones The more educated and higher the income, the more delicate the color preference The more illiterate and poor the individual, the more brilliant the color preference SPECIFIC ... year) By multiplying the number of customers in the market with the number of purchases made, business can identify the total size of the annual market Then, by dividing their sales into that...

Ngày tải lên: 24/01/2014, 00:20

... the respondents indicated that they had worksites outside of the U.S in addition to at least one in the U.S Are employers getting ready to assess how the aging of the workforce could affect their ... capture the HR challenges that might provide the context for employer response to the aging of the workforce, we combined the employers’ responses if they indicated an HR challenge to either a ... workers who say that they want to extend the number of years that they remain in the labor force, also state that the typical 8-hour day/5-day-workweek is not the employment structure they want (Harris...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 02:20

... readers? How I reach them? What are their motivations? What are the problems I can help them solve? How can I entertain them and inform them at the same time? What content will compel them to purchase ... keeps them awake at night? What they want to know? What words and phrases they use to describe these problems? The answers, by the way, may be very different from the way you would label them ... describes the issues and problems they face and then provides details on how to solve the problems Particularly when your buyers search, they use the words and phrases important to them Once...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 03:20

... the doctors either go to the patient’s house or patients come to their doctor’s house The fees paid for the service are rather low, due to the low economic status of households in the region: about ... not accept the money from a patient, the patient might think that the doctor is a little odd Furthermore, if you not accept the money, then the patient will worry” - (Doctor) However, the in-depth ... whether they were satisfied with their current work and lifestyle, and the majority reported that they were satisfied with the current conditions The main reasons given were stability of their...

Ngày tải lên: 18/06/2014, 17:20

... to the non-academic reader, as they subtract out the return due to inflation, and further not include dividends.) Now look on the left-hand portion of the graph These are the markets with the ... worth the effort to understand it The horizontal (bottom) axis plots the number of years each market has been in existence Almost all of the nations on the right half of the graph the ones with the ... higher returns on their funds What they received was a 5.5% perpetual rate (remember, no inflation) with the otherwise ultrasafe consols On the other hand, the Englishman in the late Victorian...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... DR The total present value of the mine—in effect, its “true value”—is the sum of all of the future dividends, discounted to the present This is the sum at the bottom of the table: $8,225 The ... bit sticky, because the discount rate (referred to from now on as the DR) and the present value are inversely related: the higher the DR, the lower the present value This is the same as with consols ... Further, when the political and economic outlook is the brightest, returns are the lowest And it is when things look the darkest that returns are the highest The longer a risky asset is held, the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... to the asset’s value; a high discount rate (DR) lowers the asset’s value The DR is the same as the asset’s expected return; it is determined by the asset’s perceived risk The higher the risk, the ... vertical black line in the middle of the graph represents the market performance The bars on the left represent the number of funds underperforming the market, and the bars on the right represent ... individual stock, hinges on just how risky we think the market or the stock is The riskier the situation, the higher the DR/return we demand, and the less the asset is worth to us Once more, with feeling:...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... reexamined their beliefs and adjusted their practices Let’s summarize the bleak landscape they surveyed: • The gross returns obtained by money managers were in the aggregate the market’s, since they ... investors: those who don’t know where the market is going and those who don’t know that they don’t know But there is a rather pathetic third kind the market strategist These highly visible brokerage ... Their job is to convince the investing public that their firm can divine the market’s moves through a careful analysis of economic, political, and investment data But at the end of the day, they...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... is then funneled into a long pipe From the perspective of the person at the pump handle the innovator and the wealthy firstadopter the water is clearly coming in spurts But to the person at the ... stock returns may be lower in the future than they have been in the past The slope of the portfolio curve in Figure 4-6 is steep—in other words, in the twentieth century, there was a generous reward ... at the 132 The Four Pillars of Investing end of the pipe the average consumer, and, more importantly, the investor the water is flowing evenly To illustrate the point, I’ve plotted the real gross...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... On the other hand, the societal benefit of the railroads was immeasurable, allowing the settling and growth of the breadth of the continent The financial rewards from the railroads went to the ... other words, investors would exchange their bonds, bills, and annuities for stock in the company The higher the share price of the company, the fewer the shares it had to pay investors, and the ... exclusively the province of the rich Only they could afford the exorbitant fares of the coach companies, or if truly wealthy, their own coach-and-six And even then, the poor quality of the roads and public...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... looked at the popular growth stocks the top fifth of the market in terms of their P/E ratio Their data showed that these very expensive companies increased their earnings about 10% faster than the ... exceed 10% These are the kinds of margins that even Lynch and Buffett in their heydays would have trouble overcoming Misbehavior 179 Lastly, there is the risk of picking the wrong hedge fund The list ... blank Behavioral Therapy In the last chapter, we examined the many sins to which the frail investment flesh is heir In the next pages, we’ll formulate strategies for defeating the enemy in the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... chimera: the man in the moon, the face of your Aunt Tillie in the clouds scudding overhead Ignore them When dealing with the markets, the safest and most profitable assumption is that there are ... price Thus, every time the investor buys, then later sells a stock or bond, he loses the spread between the bid and the ask price The spread goes to the “market maker,” the person or company that ... of the qualifications, training, incentives, and culture at the big wirehouses Even the most cursory study reveals that there is very good reason for the secrecy The first observation is the...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... guidance, then to whom does the intelligent investor turn for information? The real epiphany of the markets is: the market itself is the best advisor The reason is blindingly simple When you buy the ... picked the wrong man to fire Few managers knew the ins and outs of the fund playbook the Investment Company Act of 1940—as well as Jack Bogle Among other things, the Act mandated that the fund ... shareholders There was, therefore, no incentive to milk the investors, as generally happened in the rest of the investment industry, because the funds’ shareholders were also Vanguard’s owners The only...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... stock assets within the sheltered (retirement) part of the portfolio she chooses On the other hand, if she invests all of the money in stocks, then she will be able to invest only the tax-sheltered ... equity (the sum of the four international funds) and 6% REITs So, of the second $5,000 added, only $1,500 will go into the Total International Fund The other $3,500 is divided between the 500 ... 36 months If, in general, the markets are up, it may require another three, six, or nine months to complete the program If, on the other hand, there is a bear market, then we will run out of cash...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... properly—they can talk the talk, but they cannot walk the walk, no matter how hard they try The most common reason for the “failure to execute” shortcoming is the emotional inability to go against the ... 1.0741 Therefore, the unrebalanced return is 7.41% The calculation of the unrebalanced return is the source of not a little mischief Many mistakenly calculate it as the weighted average of the annualized ... consider the behavior of the U.S and Japanese markets in the 1990s During this period, the U.S market did almost nothing but go up, whereas the Japanese did almost nothing but go down The longer...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20

... stocks—particularly the latter—have seen their valuations climb to the point where they are unlikely to deliver the salutary results that they have in the past 319 320 2010 Postscript What, then, have ... –61.44% During the most recent market turmoil, there was simply no place to hide; all stocks got hammered, and the further investors strayed from the good old S&P 500, the more they lost Next, ... matter, and the performance of active managers does not persist Duh The laws of arithmetic continue to apply: since professional investors are the market, in the aggregate they must receive the market...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 20:20