constraint handling in prolog

... Disambiguation Using Constraint Handling In Prolog (CHIP). MSc Dissertation, School of Com- puter Studies, University of Leeds, 1992. 435 from LDOCE. 3 CHIP: Constraint Handling In Prolog We ... (for help in debugging processes). Forward checking and looking ahead in- ference rules are introduced for the control mecha- nism in the computation of constraints using finite domains. Auxiliary ... a constraint can be satisfied). In addition, classes of built -in predicates over finite domain variables exist for: (1) arithmetic and symbolic constraints (basic constraints for do- main...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 10:20

... thus con- straining the solution to be the tree given in Fig- ure 1. 3.2 Using inheritance Using inheritance instead of conjunction, the same nodes identification can be obtained in a more eco- nomical ... equalities) consists in using them • in combination with inheritance only and • within a linguistically motivated subpart of the inheritance hierarchy 4.2 Colours As discussed in section 2.3, node ... Structure sharing in lexicalized tree adjoining grammars. In Proceedings of COLING’92, Nantes, pp. 205 - 212. E. Villemonte de la Clergerie. 2005. DyALog: a tabular logic programming based environment...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 04:20

... solutions can be freely combined, since the summary will not lose any information in that case. CONSTRAINT PROPAGATION Like the Kimmo machinery, the constraint- propagation machinery is concerned with ... uncertain whether the constraint- propagation method enjoys an advanlage on serial machines. It is clear that the Kimmo machinery does combinatorial search while the constraint- propagation machinery ... structure. We have begun exploring such methods in a prelim- inary and approximate way by implementing a modular, non-searching constraint- propagation algorithm (see Win- ston (1984) and other...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 20:20

... SI(3rYy PRonSsING Classical mthods Interpolation Smmthing Differentiation Integratim Spline functions in signal prccessing Interpolating splines Smmthing splines Fourier ... and interpolated valws Local cubic interpolation 5-pint cubic smoothing by Savitzky and Golay Determination of interpolating cubic spline Function value, derivatives and definite integral ... polyhedron shown in Fig. 1.2. Indeed, x1 = x2 = 0 in point A , x1 = x3 = 0 in point B , x3 = x4 = 0 in point C , and x2 = i4 = 9 .in p0int.D . This is a...

Ngày tải lên: 22/03/2014, 23:20

... understandable and can be more easily modified in my implementation. Time used in analysis is 972 ms. (parsing) 19 ms.(checkin~ constraints) ~I ms. (for checFin~ completeness) subJ spec the nun ... by the ori~inal unification of Prolog. Second, an ordered binary tree is a good data structure for representing a f-structure. The use of an ordered binary tree reduces the processin~ time ... LFG ~ystsm in Prolog Hide~ Ya~u'~awa The Second Laboratory Institute for New Generation Computer Technology (ICOT) To~/o, 108, Japan ABSTRACT In order to design and maintain a latE?...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 01:21

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 15:20

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2013, 19:20

... Compromising Avoiding Accommodating 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Competing Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating 8 9 10 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Competing Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating Private ... Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Competing Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Competing Collaborating Compromising Avoiding Accommodating 8 Managers ... of Singapore and management in Singapore. Gender Figure 2 indicates the dominant modes of handling conflict. The two predominant modes of handling conflict for both men and women were compromising...

Ngày tải lên: 13/12/2013, 20:15

Ngày tải lên: 18/12/2013, 20:21

... definition to see whether anything happens. Why or why not? Beginning Experiments 15 Use backtracking to find all possible answers to the following question. |?- p(X). 2. Input the single ... 1.1 Getting Started This section introduces a few facts to help you get started using Prolog. To start the Prolog interpreter in a UNIX environment type prolog (or sicstus for those using SICStus ... basic ingredient in the matching process used for computation in logic programming. Unification Unification is the process of matching two expressions by attempting to construct a set of bindings...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 09:20

... exist as such. Instead we have: FINIT = finit( VERB, VERB, TEMPG ) INFINIT = infinit( VERB, VERB, TEMPG ) VERB = Symbol which means that a verb, whether it be finite or infinite, is described ... whole also. In this way a 'FINIT' in a sentence will have either an auxiliary, a finite verb- form missing the verbal prefix or the full, finite form of the content verb in the first ... nexusf( FINIT, NOMINAL, ADVERBIAL ) ):- is finit( I, II, FINIT ), is-nomen( II, I2, NOMINAL, _, _ ), is~adverbial( I2, O, ADVERBIAL, _ ). and 169 DANISH FIELD GRAMMAR IN TYPED PROLOG Henrik...

Ngày tải lên: 22/02/2014, 10:20

... degrades when the domain of the test set differs from the do- main of the training set, in part because the test set includes more OOV words and words that appear only a few times in the training set (henceforth, rare ... contains journal articles from bio- chemistry (40,727 sentences). We focus on chunks that begin with words appearing 0-2 times in the labeled training data, and appearing at least ten times in ... 2006)). Our technique uses unlabeled training data from the target domain, and is thus applicable more generally, including in web processing, where the domain and vocab- ulary is highly variable,...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 01:20

... Adults Question Wording: In general, thinking about the way things are going in the country, do you feel things are going in the right direction or that things are going in the wrong direction? ... National Adults In general, thinking about the way things are going in the country, do you feel things are going in the right direction or that things are going in the wrong direction? ... Obama inherited or are they mostly a result of his own policies? Direction of the Country Asked of National Adults Question Wording: In general, thinking about the way things are going in the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 10:20

... illustration, here we confine to prob- lems to be met with (i), and, more concretely, to such English strings containing Vin f. These strings are mapped onto Bulgarian strings containing da-construction ... syntactical, ambiguity in the TL. In this paper, we will concentrate on the linguistics ~rounds for adopting such a manner of handling of syntactical ambiguity in an English in- to Bulgarian ... is linguistically very competent, but is quite unfa- miliar with the domain he is translating his texts from. Such a man-translator will be able to say what words in the original and in the...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 19:21

... treatment and for their complaint handling. They also drew up plans to prevent the same mistakes happening again, including introducing guidelines for prescribing anticoagulant medication. ... scrutiny of the NHS complaints system. In June, Parliament’s Health Committee reported on its Inquiry into complaints and litigation in the NHS, reinforcing the value of complaints information. ... made to us in writing. On 1,137 occasions last year, the complainant withdrew their complaint or did not put it in writing. 4 The Ombudsman’s review of complaint handling by the NHS in England...

Ngày tải lên: 19/03/2014, 07:20

... analysis of Estonian using Constraint Grammar. Constraint Gram- mar framework divides parsing into two different modules: morphological disam- biguation and determination of syntac- tic ... membership, the tags attached during the last stage of the analysis indicate its syntactic functions. The underlying principle in determin- ing both the morphological interpretation and the syntactic ... applying special rules or constraints. Constraint Grammar consists of hand written rules which by checking the context decide whether an interpre- tation is correct or has to be removed. Constraint...

Ngày tải lên: 24/03/2014, 03:21

... 3 TABLE I I NTRA-DOMAIN AND INTER-DOMAIN ROUTING Intra-domain routing Inter-domain routing Definition Routing within an AS (protocols known as In- terior Gateway Protocols (IGPs)). Routing across ASes ... node Domain 3 Domain 3 D o m a in 1 Domain 2 Fig. 2. Topology aggregation example III. CONSTRAINT- BASED ROUTING (CBR) Interest in constraint- based routing has been steadily growing in the Internet community, ... applies to both intra-domain and inter-domain routing. In inter-domain routing, however, a node in the graph represents an AS. An important problem with inter-domain policy routing is policy rule...

Ngày tải lên: 29/03/2014, 20:20

... MORPHEX and DICTEX, but since some morphological variations involve small changes in lettering, SPELLEX may contribute too. 4 OOV -Handling Techniques Our approach to handling OOVs is to extend the phrase ... Error Rate Training for Statisti- cal Machine Translation. In Proc. of ACL. H. Okuma, H. Yamamoto, and E. Sumita. 2007. Intro- ducing translation dictionary into phrase-based SMT In Proc. of MT ... training data using primarily the UN corpus (LDC2004E13). As expected, the token OOV rates dropped from an average of 2.89% in our baseline to 0.98% in the scaled-up system. Our av- erage baseline...

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 00:20