conservation carbon cycle soil organic matter and carbon sinks

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 06:07

... Yoshida S., Nakano K and Katou H (2005) Discharge of suspended matter and phosphorus through tile drains in a converted ex-paddy field having subsoil cracks Journal of soil science and plant nutrient, ... IN and OUT points in Fig (b) Concentrations of total organic carbon (TOC), - 11 - Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol 7, No 1, 2009 total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorous (TP) and ... coefficient of variation (CV) in TOC and TN was 0.12 and 0.13 at IN, and 0.13 and 0.15 at OUT, respectively These variations did not significantly change before and after passing through the equipment...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38

... components of soil organic matter, that is, humic substances, carbohydrates and organic nitrogen-, phosphorus- and sulfur-containing compounds In Chapter reactions between soil organic matter and pesticides ... HUMIC SUBSTANCES The organic matter content of soils may range from less than 0.1% in desert soils to close to 100.0% in organic soils In inorganic soils, organic and inorganic components are so ... F SOIL SURVEYS G.H BOLT (Editor) SOIL CHEMISTRY ( t w o volumes) H.E DREGNE SOILS O F ARID REGIONS H AUBERT and M PINTA TRACE ELEMENTS IN SOILS Developments in Soil Science SOIL ORGANIC MATTER...

Ngày tải lên: 30/05/2014, 22:57

... used; and, in this manner, nitrogen is given to the soil We have now learned that the organic matter in the soil performs the following offices:— Organic matter thoroughly decomposed is carbon, and ... manures, containing organic matter, such as peat, muck, animal manure, etc., supplies the soil with carbon on the same principle, and the decomposing matters also[Pg 79] generate[Q]carbonic acid gas ... ascribed to this substance on p 79 Organic matter in process of decay produces carbonic acid, and sometimes ammonia in the soil; also its decay causes heat Organic matter containing nitrogen, such...

Ngày tải lên: 29/06/2014, 15:20

... the masses remaining at time t and time zero, respectively [61] The organic matter 305 Organic matter and nitrogen dynamics in a beech forest remaining on the soil was calculated immediately ... defined as turnover, and has a value of 0.29 307 Organic matter and nitrogen dynamics in a beech forest Table VII Dry matter loss and nitrogen content in litterbags at beech stand Days Leaves remaining ... Comparative study of decomposition rates of organic matter in temperate and tropical regions, Soil Science 68 (1949) 419–432 [40] Joergensen R.G., Organic matter and nutrient dynamics of the litter layer...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21

... of soil and structural and functional complexity in organic matter turnover Eur J Soil Sci 52, 345–353 Christensen, B.T (1986) Straw incorporation and soil organic matter in macro-aggregates and ... Paustian, and J.W Doran (1998) Aggregation and soil organic matter accumulation in cultivated and native grassland soils Soil Sci Soc Am J 62, 1367–1377 Six, J., E.T Elliott, and K Paustian (2000a) Soil ... 961–971 Wander, M.M., and S.J Traina (1996a) Organic matter fractions from organically and conventionally managed soils I Carbon and nitrogen distribution Soil Sci Soc Am J 60, 1081–1087 Wander,...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... INTRODUCTION Soil organic matter (SOM) content and quality impact many soil functions related to soil health, such as moisture retention, infiltration, and nutrient retention and release SOM content and ... 10:221–276 Grandy, A.S., G.A Porter, and M.S Erich 2002 Organic amendment and rotation crop effects on the recovery of soil organic matter and aggregation in potato cropping systems Soil Sci Soc ... Soil Tillage Res 16:179–201 Sommerfeldt, T.G., C Chang, and T Entz 1988 Long-term annual manure applications increase soil organic matter and nitrogen, and decrease carbon to nitrogen ratio Soil...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... volcanic soils from Japan and Hawaii (19 mg/g soil and >60 mg/g soil, respectively; Rillig et al., 2001b; Wright, unpublished data) and a humoferric podzol oak forest soil in Ireland (69 mg/g soil; ... aggregates are a conglomeration of soil minerals (clay particles, fine sand, and silt), small plant or microbial debris, bacteria, free amorphous organic matter, and organic matter strongly associated ... with organic polymers, and bridging organic matter and clay particles by polyvalent cations (Degens, 1997; Piccolo and Mbagwu, 1999; Chenu et al., 2000) Drying and wetting actions, shrinking and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... for soil organic matter dynamics Crop residues are rich in organic C and N, and therefore their removal is a loss of input to the soil, resulting almost always in a decline in soil organic matter ... and a smaller fraction retained as soil organic matter The rate and extent of residue transformation into soil organic matter depends on the type, quantity, and quality of residues produced and ... Water infiltration and soil structure related to organic matter and its stratification with depth Soil Tillage Res 66:197–205 Franzluebbers, A.J., and Arshad, M.A 1996a Soil organic matter pools during...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... increase soil organic matter and nitrogen and decrease carbon to nitrogen Soil Sci Soc Am J 52:1668–1672 Staley, T E., Edwards, W M., Scott, C L., and Owens, L B 1988 Soil microbial biomass and organic ... of soil to preserve organic C and N by their association with clay and silt particles Plant Soil 191:77–87 Hassink, J., Neutel, A M., and De Ruiter, P.C 1994 C and N mineralization in sandy and ... F., and Dick, R P 1994a Soil microbial dynamics: Short and long-term effects of inorganic and organic nitrogen Soil Sci Soc Am J 58:801–806 Fauci, M F., and Dick, R P 1994b Plant response to organic...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... A., and E T Elliott 1993 Carbon and nitrogen distribution in aggregates from cultivated and native grassland soils Soil Sci Soc Am J 57:1071–1076 © 2004 by CRC Press LLC 318 Soil Organic Matter ... of various compounds from seeds and seedlings of maize and cucumber Plant Soil 27:319–328 Wagner, G H., and D C Wolf 1998 Carbon transformations and soil organic matter formation pp 218–258 In ... content (Elliott and Papendick, 1986) © 2004 by CRC Press LLC 312 Soil Organic Matter in Sustainable Agriculture Dryland farming begins ORGANIC MATTER (%) Long-term experiment begins 1881 Soil Amendments...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... 23, 2004 2:27 PM 328 Soil Organic Matter in Sustainable Agriculture INTRODUCTION The importance of soil biota in soil pedogenesis and in maintaining soil structure, organic matter breakdown, recycling ... undecomposed organic matter at the surface (Kubiena, 1955) This can also occur in grasslands and is common on poor upland grasslands in temperate countries and in countries such as New Zealand in areas ... 1988; Edwards, 1998) BREAKDOWN OF ORGANIC MATTER AND NUTRIENT CYCLING IN THE FIELD ORGANIC MATTER BREAKDOWN Plant and animal organic material that reaches the soil is subject to the action of...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 05:21

... concentration during and after the shock loading of 3,5-DCP onto PACT and control reactors - 252 - Journal of Water and Environment Technology, Vol.1, No.2, 2003 3.2 Effects of dissolved organic matter (DOM) ... W., and Xiasheng G (1991) Simple combination of biodegradation and carbon adsorption-the mechanism of the biological activated carbon process Water Research 25, 165-172 Zhao X., Hickey R F., and ... amount of organic carbon on PAC for every incubation by glucose According to Sutherland (2001), extracellular polymers substance (EPS) contain essentially of proteins, polysaccharide and smaller...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 08:40

Ngày tải lên: 14/11/2014, 09:31

... Faunal and Microorganism Biomass CO Active SOM Decomposition CO CO CO Slow SOM Passive SOM Figure Organic matter cycle (modified from Brady and Weil, 1999) Soil Organic Matter Organic Matter ... • Soil pH and Organic Matter materials for neutralizing soil acidity and is based on both purity and particle size Chemical purity is calculated as CCE and represents the sum of the calcium and ... understand plant nutrient availability and optimal growing conditions for specific crops, it is important to understand soil chemistry and interacting factors that affect soil pH Soil organic matter...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 21:20

... Sci Technol Table Initial soil physical and chemical (carbon, nitrogen and organic matter content) properties at - 22 and 22 - 55 cm soil layers in the ferrallitic soil of the Toumodi area, Côte ... manure Organic matter content (%) nM cM pM a a b b c c 0 -2 2 -5 S o il la y e rs ( c m ) Figure Responses in soil organic matter content at - 22 and 22 - 55 cm soil layers in the sandy soil under ... the soil organic matter content which modifies the nitrogen cycle (Ouattara et al., 2006) Moreover, in Côte d’Ivoire, the low levels of organic matter and total nitrogen (N) were the major soil...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:20

... correspond to standard error stand, 1.3 m2 for the 25-year-old stand and 0.3 m2 for the young, 8year-old stand The roots were dug out for the 25 and 8-year-old stand For the 50-year-old stand, no root ... in each stand – Application of the models to the stand inventories to estimate sub-component or total dry matter and carbon biomass, for the above and underground tree components, by stand per ... determine the carbon biomass in each component of each stand The first was: by stand, component and individual, the carbon biomass was obtained by multiplying the quantity of dry matter by the carbon...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:22

... uptake and degradation of organic matter by microorganisms, then DOM should play a key role in the stabilisation and destabilisation of soil organic matter, and thus, in C dynamics and C pools of soils ... T.R., 1997 Dissolved organic carbon: sources, sinks, and fluxes and role in the soil carbon cycle In: Lal, R., Kimble, J.M., Follett, R.F., Stewart, B.A (Eds.), Advances in Soil Science CRC Press, ... solid and dissolved carbon in a spruce-fir spodosol Biogeochemistry 35, 339 – 365 Elliott, E.T., 1986 Aggregate structure and carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorous in native and cultivated soils Soil...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 23:22

... fraction and organic matter contents, it appears that soils with the highest CEC, and organic carbon contents presented the lowest clay contents (i.e native forest and spruce) and inversely, that soils ... biodegradability and mineralization of carbon and nitrogen of the soil organic matter, and (ii) consequently on the mobility and availability of major mineral nutrients MATERIALS AND METHODS 2.1 ... microorganisms [28] Soils from coniferous plots (Douglas-fir and Norway spruce) were richer in water-extractable organic matter than those from deciduous plots (beech and native forest) Soil organic matter...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 16:20

... actively cycling fractions of soil organic matter, which comprise plant debris, microbial biomass and some humified organic matter and also affect related functions such as, soil structure, aeration, ... notable effects on soil environmental conditions such as soil moisture and temperature, and, therefore, may alter microbial activity [34, 40] as well as organic matter decomposition and mineralization ... caused by increased decomposition and root respiration Thus, accelerated soil organic matter mineralization only partly explains the depletion in soil organic matter observed in intensively managed...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 14:21