consequences of traumatic brain injury sustained during early childhood

... prognosis of severe traumatic brain injury, part 1: Guidelines for the management of severe traumatic brain injury J Neurotrauma 2000;17:451-533 Piek J Decompressive surgery in the treatment of traumatic ... EBIC-guidelines for management of severe head injury in adults European Brain Injury Consortium Acta Neurochir (Wien) 1997;139:286-294 The Brain Trauma Foundation The American Association of Neurological Surgeons ... surgical decompression of severe traumatic brain injury Injury 2006;37:1125-1132 Coplin WM Intracranial pressure and surgical decompression for traumatic brain injury: biological rationale and protocol...

Ngày tải lên: 25/10/2012, 11:40

... TABLE 2–1 brain injury TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Classification of traumatic TABLE 2–3 brain injury Classification of damage after Primary Secondary Focal Diffuse (multifocal) Injury to ... criterion (Jennett and Teasdale 1981) 20 FIGURE 1–15 TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Consequences of mild traumatic brain injury: summary of findings from 13 studies Source Bassett and Slater 1990; ... Consequences of Brain Injury It would be useful to know which factors predict unfavorable consequences after acute brain injury Not all of the potential predictive factors from the moment of injury...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:20

... may be useful in cases of mild TBI in which there is no evidence of ab- 114 FIGURE 6–5 TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Early subacute presentation of traumatic brain injury on SPECT A 61-year-old ... neuroanatomy of the skull, brain tissue, and blood vessels, have proved immensely helpful in assessment of extent of brain injury and in following the medical sequelae of traumatic brain injury (TBI), ... TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Chronic presentation of traumatic brain injury A 52-year-old man had a high-impact closed head injury 30 years before scanning He presented with a 30-year history of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:20

... remembered the injury but had nontraumatic memory of the event, and those who had a traumatic memory of the injury event The results of this research indicated that patients with no memory of the injury ... TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY F I G U R E – Comparing physiatric and neuropsychiatric terminology for post traumatic brain injury (TBI) changes in level of consciousness and cognition Posttraumatic ... Death FIGURE 9–2 brain injury Temporal relationships of coma, confusion, and posttraumatic amnesia (PTA) after traumatic Coma and levels of confusion (delirium) after traumatic brain injury, with...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:20

... al TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 1998) Of the 17% of the subjects who reported PTSD developing after injury, 41% of them had experienced resolution of their symptoms by the time of the interview ... Institutes of Health grant R01 NS40472–01, the Ira DeCamp Foundation, and New Hampshire Hospital 279 280 TABLE 15–1 TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Indicators of mild brain injury Duration of loss of ... sources of disability to individuals with brain injury and sources of stress to their families Agitation that occurs during the acute stages of recovery from brain injury can endanger the safety of...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:20

... although the severity of injury was most predictive of the development of early seizures (within the first days postinjury), other specific 312 TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY factors were also ... domain of the frontal TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY TABLE 17–3 Aspects of executive functions potentially impaired after traumatic brain injury Goal establishment, planning, and anticipation of ... only 10% in adults with severe brain injury Thus, the age of the patient and the severity of the injury are crucial determinants of the subsequent development of posttraumatic seizures In 1998,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:20

... FIGURE 23–3 TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Typical scattered visual field defect pattern after traumatic brain injury This page intentionally left blank Appendix 23–1 Glossary of Ophthalmic Terms ... TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY may be increased because of activation or sensitization of peripheral sensory afferents This barrage of nociceptive impulses may result in sensitization of second- ... conceptualization of This page intentionally left blank Appendix 24–1 435 436 TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY 25 Sexual Dysfunction Nathan D Zasler, M.D Michael F Martelli, Ph.D TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:20

... psychiatric disorders in the years after childhood traumatic brain injury Severity of injury Lifetime preinjury psychiatric disorder Preinjury teacher-rated behavior Preinjury parent-rated adaptive function ... presence of preinjury ADHD traits (Max et al 2004) SADHD has also followed mild TBI and orthopedic injury (in the absence of brain injury) at similar rates (Max et al 2004) The attribution of brain injury ... phenocopy of the genetic disorder Autism The absence of autism after childhood TBI is notable However, other forms of brain injury have been implicated in the new onset of autism in childhood [e.g., brain...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:20

... found that, whereas families of individuals with TBI had a better understanding of the immediate significance of brain injury and its TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY negative effect on cognition, ... should not be reserved 544 TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY TABLE 30–4 A model of family assessment and intervention after traumatic brain injury Concentric circles of intervention Individual family ... Congress enacted the Traumatic Brain Injury Act of 1996 (Traumatic Brain Injury Technical Assistance Center 2004) The intentions of this act included supporting the conducting of expanded studies...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:20

... pervasive impact of brain injury on everyday function Does Severity of Injury Play a Role in the Efficacy of Cognitive Remediation? The nature of the interaction between severity of brain injury and ... The rapid development of brain injury rehabilitation programs mirrored the development of this new form of rehabilitation therapy Indeed, by the early 1990s, 95% of brain injury rehabilitation ... patient’s distorted view of his or her abilities and limitations TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY It is widely recognized that denial can be the direct result of brain injury In this instance,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:20

... death, programmed, brain injury affecting, 43 Cellular changes after brain injury, 43 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 6, 7, 12, 560, 727 study of traumatic brain injury, 574–575 Centers ... power of attorney, 587–588 Dynamic Gait Index, 398 TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Dynorphin activity after brain injury, 41 Dysarthria, 326 Eagle syndrome, 387, 387t, 390 Ear, anatomy of, 394 ... imaging, 112t TEXTBOOK OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY Jargon aphasia, 355–356 Judgment in addicted persons with brain damage, 526 impairment after brain injury, 251 Judgment of Line Orientation Test,...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 18:20

... cost over a lifetime Table 2: Time off work or normal activity by level of severity of traumatic brain injury (Unit: weeks) Time off work or normal activity Level of severity by GCS Severe Moderate ... post -injury at the time of interview While all patients shared the same disability weight of zero pre -injury, the disparity post injury reflected the level of severity (Figure 2) In term of intangible ... minimizing the loss of household income by selecting Table 1: One-year costs associated with treatment by level of traumatic brain injury (Unit: USD, 1USD = 15,850 Vietnam dong) Level of severity by...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22

... model of brain injury Brain Res 2004, 1001:125-132 Morrison B 3rd, Eberwine JH, Meaney DF, McIntosh TK: Traumatic injury induces differential expression of cell death genes in organotypic brain ... variables, which are absent in our model of TBI In addition, the six-hour period of posttraumatic propofol application until the final assessment of brain injury was significantly shorter than the ... to the nature of the model it excludes mechanisms of injury that may influence brain damage in the in vivo situation such as the absence of any injury pathways related or due to brain swelling...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 16:20

... series 15 For traumatic brain injury, CT is a vital tool for the assessment and remains the investigation of choice even following the advent of MRI, due both to the ease of monitoring of injured ... such as X-Ray, CT or MRI usually consists of one image or a series of images and a radiology report For example, a CT image series of a traumatic brain injury (TBI) case is shown in Figure 1.1 ... Figure 1.1: The image series of a traumatic brain injury case more specific details of the findings in the reports They can be considered as attributes or modifiers of the findings, which include...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:42

... complement pathway activity after traumatic brain injury (TBI) Functional Functional assessment of mAb 1379 on alternative complement pathway activity after traumatic brain injury (TBI) Relative alternative ... h) d) ) ) Figure serum of head-injured of mAb Posttraumatic injectionmice 1379 attenuates C5a levels in Posttraumatic injection of mAb 1379 attenuates C5a levels in serum of head-injured mice Serum ... critical role of the complement system Mol Immunol 2003, 40(2-4):85-94 Stahel PF, Morganti-Kossmann MC, Kossmann T: The role of the complement system in traumatic brain injury Brain Res Rev 1998,...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 22:20

... Lyeth BG: Cognitive impairment following traumatic brain injury: the effects of pre- and post -injury administration of scopolomine and MK-801 Brain Res Cogn Brain Res 1993, 1:223-226 31 Phillips ... Gennarelli TA: Animate models of human head injury J Neurotrauma 1994, 11:357-368 29 Povlishock JT, Hayes RL, Michel ME, McIntosh TK: Workshop of animal models of traumatic brain injury J Neurotrauma ... experimental brain injury: a systems, network and cellular evaluation Neuroscience 2005, 133:1-15 16 Reeves TM, Lyeth BG, Phillips LL, Hamm RJ, Povlishock JT: The effects of traumatic brain injury...

Ngày tải lên: 10/08/2014, 05:21

... 12:23-27 33 Management and Prognosis of Severe Traumatic Brain Injury Part II: Early Indicators of Prognosis in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury [http://www2.braintrauma.org/guidelines/downloads/ ... suppressed with further bolus doses of 100 mg of propofol, but would recur despite increasing the infusion of propofol to 80 µg/kg/minute Therefore, a loading dose of 700 mg of pentobarbital was given ... continuous infusions of intravenous propofol or midazolam can also be considered as agents of choice in RSE because of better side effect profiles and easier titration [26,27] For cases of prolonged...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 23:20

... Analysis of immune mediator production following traumatic brain injury In Shock, Sepsis, and Organ Failure -Brain Damage Secondary to Hemorrhagic -Traumatic Shock, Sepsis, and Traumatic Brain Injury: ... mortality SOFA and MOD 33 56% SOFA and MOD 49 41% SOFA not MOD 86 49% SOFA not MOD 40 35% MOD not SOFA 0% MOD not SOFA 85 7% Neither 120 Neither 28% MOD, Multiple Organ Dysfunction; SOFA, sequential ... patient-days) before the start of the study; no errors were found in the calculation of either score Patient demographics, injury details, Injury Severity Score, Abbreviated Injury Scale, and post-resuscitation...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 02:24

... leading cause of mortality and severe morbidity among young adults (15 to 44 years of age), with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and uncontrolled bleeding responsible for the majority of these deaths ... head; base deficit of greater than 15 mEq/l or severe acidosis with pH of less than 7.00; transfusion of or more units of RBCs prior to arrival at the trauma center; injury sustained greater than ... results of the safety assessment are presented in Table A total of 11 of 30 (37%) patients died during the 30-day follow-up: of 13 (46%; 90% CI, 22% to 71%) in the placebo group and of 17 (29%;...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 08:20

... Vol 12 No Xiao et al Introduction Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the leading causes of injury- related death and severe disability The management of TBI currently includes preventing ... Neuroprotective effects of progesterone have recently been shown in a variety of animal models, including ischemic and traumatic brain insult models [3-6] Postinjury administration of progesterone in ... Neurotrauma 2005, 22:106-118 Roof RL, Duvdevani R, Stein DG: Gender influences outcome of brain injury: progesterone play a protective role Brain Res 1993, 607:333-336 Roof RL, Zhang Q, Glasier MM,...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 11:22