computer networking a top down approach featuring the internet

... channel Wait for call from above rdt_send(data) packet = make_pkt(data) udt_send(packet) sender Wait for call from below rdt_rcv(packet) extract (packet,data) deliver_data(data) receiver Transport ... notcorrupt(rcvpkt) extract(rcvpkt,data) deliver_data(data) udt_send(ACK) Transport Layer 3- rdt2.0 has a fatal flaw! What happens if ACK/NAK corrupted? Ì sender doesn’t know what happened at receiver! Ì can’t ... one transport protocol available to apps r Internet: TCP and UDP application transport network data link physical application transport network data link physical Transport Layer 3-4 Transport...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 16:20

... Streaming stored audio and video 2) Streaming live audio and video 3) Real-time interactive audio and video Jitter is the variability of packet delays within the same packet stream Fundamental ... Delay, I Ì Goal: minimize playout delay, keeping late loss rate low Ì Approach: adaptive playout delay adjustment: r r r Estimate network delay, adjust playout delay at beginning of each talk spurt ... at a PC-2PC Internet phone example in detail 7: Multimedia Networking 7- Interactive Multimedia: Internet Phone Introduce Internet Phone by way of an example Ì speaker’s audio: alternating talk...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 16:20

... management definitions: managing entity agent data managing data entity managed device agent data network management protocol managed device managed devices contain managed objects whose data ... data is gathered into a Management Information Base (MIB) agent data agent data managed device managed device Network 9-5 Network Management standards OSI CMIP Ì Common Management Information Protocol ... Internet- standard management framework r Structure of Management Information: SMI r Management Information Base: MIB r SNMP Protocol Operations and Transport Mappings r Security and Administration Ì ASN.1...

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 16:20

... Computer Networking: A Top Down Approach Featuring the Internet Computer Networking A Top- Down Approach Featuring the Internet James F Kurose and Keith W Ross Instructor Overheads You'll find links ... Daytona Beach and then ask someone else In Daytona Beach another gas station attendant also extracts the Orlando portion of the address and tells Joe that he should take I-4 directly to Orlando ... simultaneously surfing the Web This feature is not available with standard dailup modems The actually amount of downstream and upstream bandwidth available to the user is a function of the distance...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... 15:51:48 ATMover (AAL), the ATM Layer, and the ATM Physical Layer: ATM Adaptation Layer (AAL) ATM Layer ATM Physical Layer Figure 1.10-1: The three ATM layers The ATM Physical Layer deals with voltages, ... and framing on the physical medium The ATM Layer is the core of the ATM standard It defines the structure of the ATM cell The ATM Adaptation Layer is analogous to the transport layer in the Internet ... special AAL type, AAL5, has been developed to allow TCP/IP to interface with ATM At the IP-toATM interface, AAL5 prepares IP datagrams for ATM transport; at the ATM-to-IP interface, AAL5 reassembles...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... packages The java.io package contains classes for input and output streams In particular, the java.io package contains the BufferedReader and DataOutputStream classes, classes that the program ... the canonical name for a hostname As an example, (foo.com, relay1.bar.foo.com, CNAME) is a CNAME record If Type=MX, then Value is a hostname of a mail server that has an alias hostname Name As ... receivePacket.getPort(); The above three lines unravel the packet that arrives from the client The first of the three lines extracts the data from the packet and places the data in the String sentence; it has an analogous...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... receiver at t = 15.008 msec Assuming for simplicity that ACK packets are the same size as data packets and that the receiver can begin sending an ACK packet as soon as the last bit of a data packet ... delivery of datagrams, and does not guarantee the integrity of the data in the datagrams With IP service, datagrams can overflow router buffers and never reach their destination, datagrams can arrive ... some other task and may not even attempt to read the data until long after it has arrived If the application is relatively slow at reading the data, the sender can very easily overflow the connection's...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... 223.1.1.4 The link layer then transports the datagram to the router interface The datagram is now in the router, and it is the job the router to move the datagram towards the datagram's ultimate destination ... identification, flag and fragmentation fields in the IP datagram When a datagram is created, the sending host stamps the datagram with an identification number as well as a source and destination address ... having the source retransmit the data in the original datagram Fragmentation and reassembly puts an additional burden on Internet routers (the additional effort to create fragments out of a datagram)...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... contains a multicast datagram When the unicast datagram arrives at B, B then extracts the multicast datagram B may then forward the multicast datagram on to one of its attached hosts, forward the ... and multicast address fields) is carried as the payload of an IP unicast datagram - a complete multicast IP dagram inside of a unicast IP datagram! The unicast datagram is then addressed to the ... network-layer datagram up the protocol stack Similarly, when a node passes a datagram down the protocol stack to an adapter, the node fully delegates to the adapter the task of transmitting the datagram...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... the same Ethernet LAN Let the sending adapter, adapter A, have physical address AA-AA-AA-AA-AA-AA and the receiving adapter, adapter B, have physical address BB-BB-BB-BB-BB-BB The sending adapter ... network layer That is to say, when adapter A wants to send a datagram to adapter B, adapter A encapsulates the datagram in an Ethernet frame and sends the frame into the LAN, without first "handshaking" ... the caravan as being a packet, each car in the caravan as being a bit, and the toll booth service rate as the transmission rate of a link Consider now what the cars in the caravan when they arrive...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:21

... important gatekeeper services Each terminal can have an alias address, such as the name of the person at the terminal, the e-mail address of the person at the terminal, etc The gateway translates these ... the datagram header, all IP datagrams are labeled as either first-class or second-class datagrams In each router queue, each arriving first class datagram jumps in front of all the second-class ... phone application The UDP segment is encapsulated in an IP datagram, and the IP datagram makes it way through the network towards the receiver As the datagram wanders through the network, it passes...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... can thus craft an IP packet containing any payload (application-level) data it desires and make it appear as if that data was sent from an arbitrary IP host Packet sniffing and IP spoofing are ... protocol) The authentication protocol first establishes the identities of the parties to each others' satisfaction; only after authentication the parties get down to the work at hand As in the case ... (m,H(m)) are the message and message digest pair created by the sender, then an intruder can not forge the contents of another message, y, that has the same message digest value as the original message...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... original data field, and this augmented data field is encapsulated as a standard IP datagram For the protocol field in the IP header, the value 51 is used to indicate that the datagram includes an ... by the SA, such as DES, MD5 or SHA When the destination host receives an IP datagram with an AH header, it determines the SA for the packet and then authenticates the integrity of the datagram ... into the data field of an IP datagram For the protocol field in the header of the IP datagram, the value 50 is used to indicate that the datagram includes an ESP header and trailer When the destination...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 13:22

... = đ a IP B Đ a MAC nguồn = đ a MAC E Đ a MAC đích = đ a MAC interface R1 kết nối tới Subnet c) Switch S1 broadcast Ethernet frame thông qua interface as đ a đích ARP frame nhận đ a broadcast ... back a number (more than two) of alternating ACK and ACK even if the corresponding data have not arrived at the receiver Would this application design increase the channel utilization? Why? Are ... Packet ARP phản hồi mang frame Ethernet với đ a đích Ethernet 77-77-77-77-77-77 Đề cương mạng máy tính Page 36 Computer Networking: A Top- Down Approach Featuring the Internet, 5th Edition – Translate...

Ngày tải lên: 28/02/2015, 19:04