complex traits and systems analysis

... of C4 Biology and Leaf Anatomy III Quantitative Variation in Leaf Traits IV Complex Traits and Systems Analysis Acknowledgments References 10 109 110 110 114 117 C4 Photosynthesis and Temperature ... physiology, genetics and genomics, molecular and systems biology, and bioinformatics) and related applied fields such as crop breeding, agronomy, and weed science Many scientists, both old and new, will ... Planters’ Association Andrew A Benson and Andrew Maretzki extended her studies to search for formation, transport and storage of sucrose in the sugarcane leaf and stalk and the patterns of mineral...

Ngày tải lên: 15/04/2015, 17:20

... spatial configuration (such as the extent of openness and spatial definition, the normal function and/ or use of the place, and the age of the site and its upkeep) form additional bases for the perceptive-evaluative ... users: (1) historicalcultural landscapes, (2) leisure areas, (3) recreational landscapes, and (4) housing areas These categories were configured, however, from the analysis of a single range of ... openness and spaciousness (128)512.71 Relationship between the Perceived Restorativeness Scale and the aesthetic attributes A correlation analysis was performed between the aesthetic attributes and...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 17:20

... Independent and stationary sequences of random variables Groningen, The Netherlands: Wolters-Noordhoff Publishing Company [12] P Flajolet, A Odlyzko, (1982) The average height of binary trees and other ... (1987) Bandwidths and profiles of trees J Comb Theory, Ser B 42, 348-370 [22] V.V Petrov, (1975) Sums of independant random variables Springer [23] J Pitman, (1998) Enumerations of trees and forests ... Embedding of the profile in the BFS random walk Proposition 2.3 In some probability space, there exists a sequence mn of thetadistributed random variables and a sequence of copies of Wn such that,...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 06:22

... information (Burt, 1992; Sandefur and Laumann, 1998; Alder and Kwon, 2000); (2) power and influence (Alder and Kwon, 2000); and (3) solidarity (Sandefur and Laumann, 1998; Adler and Kwon, 2000) Information ... Chen and Pan, 2005) with a cost (Alder and Kwon, 2000; McFadyen and Cannella, 2004), which requires time and effort to create and maintain it (McFadyen and Cannella, 2004) 31 As Nahapiet and Ghoshal ... newly drawn-up systems, business procedures and rules by employees (Lee and Lee, 2000; Rodecker and Hess, 2001) The high complexity of ES have resulted in enormous learning curves and behavioral...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 09:01

... Linear Discriminant Analysis, Classification tree with Boosting, and Bagging for gene expression classification Meanwhile, Shevade and Keerthi (2002) have proposed a new and efficient algorithm ... base-pairing rules and automating the process of identifying the unknowns An microarray experiment can make use of common assay systems (e.i Gene Chip) and can be created by hand or by robots that ... will interact with probes If there is an interaction, single strands from targets and the single strand of the cDNA will combine and the targets will stick onto the immobilized probes, binding...

Ngày tải lên: 28/09/2015, 13:38

... using water containing 97% 18 O, and it shows that phenol and alkyl phenols and naphthol and alkyl naphthols contain both 16O and 18 O, suggesting that phenols and naphthols are likely formed ... minutes), and it contains species that can be assigned to benzene and alkyl benzenes (m/z 78, 91, 106, 120), naphthalene and alkyl naphthalenes (m/z 128, 142, 156, 170) and anthracene and alkyl ... enhance formation of phenol and alkyl phenols, and naphthol and alkyl naphthols Our data shows that steam inhibits formation of polyaromatics, especially naphthalene and alkyl naphthalenes Fig...

Ngày tải lên: 09/10/2015, 14:39

... substituted phenols and aromatic ethers was performed using methanol and ethanol at various temperatures (200, 250 and 280  C) and residence times of 15, 30 and 45 FTIR and 1H NMR showed the ... decomposition behaviour and product profile of the thermal and catalytic pyrolysis of wheat straw and wheat husk and the effect of position of catalyst for wheat straw and wheat husk has been ... designing and operating industrial biomass conversion systems The kinetic modelling studies of biomass pyrolysis assists in analysis and optimization of reaction conditions, process parameters and...

Ngày tải lên: 27/07/2016, 15:56

... international trade which are standardized as to size and layout and capable of being produced in a onerun unified set from a single master document for ease of understanding and speed and efficiency of completion ... Manager’s and Operator’s Handbook (published annually since 1970) and as a freelance writer has written many other books, guides, study manuals and magazine articles, all related to transport and logistics ... half a century, acquiring practical ‘hands-on’ road haulage and logistics experience, a detailed knowledge of UK and EU transport law and a wide understanding of transport issues across all modes...

Ngày tải lên: 30/08/2013, 23:58

... able to: (1) understand the many interacting, complex electrochemical and transport phenomena that cannot be studied experimentally; (2) identify limiting steps and components; and (3) provide a ... to the development and optimization of fuel cells, improve long-term performance and lifetime, the introduction of cheaper materials and fabrication techniques, and the design and development of ... right hand side, accounts for the heat exchange to and from the solid matrix of the GDL The gas phase and the liquid phase are assumed to be in thermodynamic equilibrium, i.e., the liquid water and...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 14:58

... phonograph records, then of tape recorders and language labs in the mid-twentieth century, and more recently of audio- and video-cassettes and compact discs Jones and Evans (1995) suggest teachers should ... languages, from ancient Latin and Greek to Eskimo and Farsi Homographs and homophones are two typical examples of unequivalence of sound and spelling Referring to sound and spelling patterns, an ... contrastive information, and other aids to supplement listening, imitation, and production It explicitly informs the learner of and focuses attention on such segmentals as the sounds and rhythms of the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/09/2013, 13:45

... challenges and opportunities Provide evidence, information and guidance to support policy, best practice, and management of eHealth systems and services Identify and address needs for eHealth norms and ... for the development and operation of information systems and enable the creation and application of knowledge Information systems function at many levels of sophistication and complexity — from ... The complexity of choices of technologies and the complexity of needs and demands of health systems suggests that the gradual introduction, testing and refining of new technologies, in those...

Ngày tải lên: 14/02/2014, 09:20

... and arbitrage portfolios, modifying somewhat the standard concepts Definition 3.6 A contingent T -claim is a random variable X ∈ L0 (FT , P ) + (i.e an arbitrary non-negative FT -measurable random ... maturities and/ or strikes The purpose of our paper is to present an approach which, on one hand, allows bond prices to be driven also by marked point processes while, on the other hand, admitting ... trajectorywise, so the standard Fubini theorem can be applied For the stochastic Fubini theorem for the interchange of integration with respect to dW and dt see Protter [26] and also Heath–Jarrow–Morton...

Ngày tải lên: 16/02/2014, 02:20

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 11:20

... contribution of Met1, and Met23 substituted for Leu, Fig Comparison of the cyclization reaction as a function of temperature and pH (A), (B) and (C): (d), (s) and (.) correspond to pH 2.5, 8.0 and 11.5, ... hydrolysis reaction as a function of denaturing agent and pH (A), (B) and (C): (d), (s) and (.) correspond to guanidinium chloride concentrations of , and M, respectively Hydrolysis was calculated as ... The pH was adjusted to 2.5, 8.0 and 11.5 and the samples were incubated at 37 °C, 50 °C and 70 °C Aliquots were taken at different time-points from each sample and analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS The...

Ngày tải lên: 19/02/2014, 12:20

... b-turn and the first part of b-strand 3Õ (i.e the b-hairpin loop and part of the adjoining b-sheet) and Ôresidues in the loop connecting b-strand and a-helix and contiguous residues on the a-helix and ... D.J., Jing, W., Lohmeier-Vogel, E.M., Epand, R.F & Epand, R.M (2002) Towards a structure-function analysis of bovine lactoferricin and related tryptophan- and arginine-containing peptides Biochem ... sensitive to peptides K and M (MIC ¼ 62 lM), and Q (MIC ¼ 22 lM) The fungus F oxysporum was inhibited by all four peptides, especially by peptides Q and M (MIC ¼ 13–15 lM) and peptide K (MIC ¼ 17...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 11:20

... concentration and integrity were assessed using the Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer (Agilent Technologies, Massy, France) Highquality RNAs with an A260 ⁄ A280 ratio above 1.9 and intact ribosomal 28S and 18S bands ... (Egr1) and N-myc downstream-regulated gene (Ndgr1) were up-regulated in response to leucine starvation and increased as a function of time Isopentenyl-diphosphate delta isomerase (Idi1) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA ... in Materials and methods Two independent experiments were performed Trb3, Chop and Egr1 belong to the ‘regulation of transcription’ biological process Hmgsc1, Asns, Sqstm1, Ifrd1 and Dusp16 are...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... Agne and F Kessler Oligomeric composition and structure of the Toc core complex The Toc core complex is often referred to as being trimeric Moreover, distinct ‘trimeric’ Arabidopsis Toc complexes, ... referred to as the Toc core complex [12] Two additional components, Toc64 [13] and Toc12 [14], were identified later, and are implicated in preprotein targeting to the Toc complex and heat shock protein ... channel [9,10] Toc34, Toc159 and Toc75 together form a stable complex and are sufficient for translocation of a preprotein in artificial lipid vesicles [11,12] Therefore, this complex is generally referred...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... and the two bona fide dehydrogenases Tic32 and Tic62 at the Tic complex holds the intriguing possibility of a Fig Schematic model of the proposed regulatory signals sensed by the Tic complex and ... Tic20 (and Tic22) in a Toc–Tic supercomplex [21] However, no coelution was detected in the absence of the Toc complex, making a direct or permanent interaction unlikely In summary, both Tic20 and ... Tic motor complex (see below) The present minireview provides a short description of recent advances in the understanding of the channel-, motor- and regulatory components of the Tic complex For...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 03:20

... Data analysis was performed using GRAPHPAD PRISM software and considered statistically significant at P values < 0.05 Fig Effects of insulin and wortmannin on GSK3 a and b activity in L6 myotubes and ... that we observe in our hands Effects of insulin, Li and SB-415286 on signalling elements implicated in the regulation of GSK3 and GS To further understand the effects of Li and SB-415286 on cell ... both Li and SB-415286 on basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in L6 myotubes and 3T3-L1 adipocytes Fig shows that insulin enhances glucose uptake in both muscle and fat cells by 2- and 3.4-fold,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/03/2014, 08:20

... growth rates and methane-formation rates with trimethylamine as a substrate, cell lysates and washed membrane preparations of the wild-type and the mutant strains were prepared and the coupled ... clostridial Fdred and reduce F420 The kinetic parameters of the reaction exhibited a maximal velocity (Vmax) of 225 mUặmg)1 of protein and KM values of and 0.5 lm for F420 and Fdred, respectively ... Known concentrations of FpoF were also applied and were used to quantify FpoF based on relative band intensities (Fig 4) When the bands for the cytoplasm and the membrane fraction were compared with...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 23:20