comparison of software life cycle models ppt

Working PaPer SerieS no 1273 / DeCeMBer 2010: intereSt rate effeCtS of DeMograPhiC ChangeS in a neW-keyneSian life-CyCle fraMeWork pptx

... elasticity of s ubstitution  1@3Discount factor  0=99Cobb-Douglas share of labour  2@3Relative productivity of retirees  0=325Depreciation rate of capital  0=05Growth rate of technological ... probability ,while(1  )denotes the probability of death of retirees. Hence, the total lifespan of agents betweenbirth and death is made up of two distinct states, working age and retirement ... analysis of questions in which the monetary margin naturally does play a muchmore signicant role (like questions of optimal monetary and scal policymaking or a comparison of short-run features of...

Application and Comparison of Two Biotic Ligand Models Predicting Copper Toxicity and Accumulation in Heavy Metal Tolerant Moss

Danh mục: Môi trường

Báo cáo khoa học: "Conﬁdence-Weighted Learning of Factored Discriminative Language Models" pptx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... models are pro-posed by (Bilmes and Kirchhoff, 2003). In thiswork, factors are used to deﬁne alternative back-off paths in case surface-form n-grams are not ob-served a sufﬁcient number of ... limiting the problem of poor estimation of weights for rare features. Finally, we extendedconﬁdence-weighted learning with soft margins tohandle the case where labels of training data arenoisy. ... Technologies, Beijing, Cina.Jeff A. Bilmes and Katrin Kirchhoff. 2003. Fac-tored language models and generalized parallel back-off. In Proceedings of HLT/NAACL, Edmonton, Al-berta, Canada.Koby Crammer...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Paragraph-, word-, and coherence-based approaches to sentence ranking: A comparison of algorithm and human performance" ppt

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... Luhn (1958)). Then, the weight of each cluster is calculated by dividing the square of the number of significant words in the cluster by the total number of words in the cluster. Sentences ... weight of sentence i in document j, nsi is the number of words in sentence i, k is the kth word in sentence i, tfjk is the frequency of word k in document j, nd is the number of documents ... definition of discourse segments because we used the discourse trees from Carlson et al. (2002)’s database of coherence-annotated texts. 3.1.2 Kinds of coherence relations We assume a set of coherence...

Environmental Impact of Products (EIPRO) Analysis of the life cycle environmental impacts related to the final consumption of the EU-25 pot

Danh mục: Tiếp thị - Bán hàng

... 444.4.5 Comparison results on eutrophication 444.4.6 Comparison of results on resources 454.4.7 Comparison of results on land use 464.4.8 Comparison of results on water use 464.4.9 Comparison of ... 414.4 Comparison of results per environmental theme 424.4.1 Introduction 424.4.2 Comparison of results on greenhouse effect 424.4.3 Comparison of results on acidiﬁcation 434.4.4 Comparison of ... life cycle modeling of the other product groupings. 21Environmental Impact of Products (EIPRO)ã Chapter 4 forms the rst main pillar of the study: it makes a cross-cutting analysis and comparison...

Chapter 2 Software Life Cycle pps

Danh mục: Cơ sở dữ liệu

... Software Life Cycle Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), ISO 12207 and Related Software Life- Cycle Standards:www.acm.org/tsc/lifecycle.htmlCrosstalk magazine articles:− Comparison of ... Life cycle Models There are many life cycle models, or paradigms. Most of them are variations of three classic software development models: the waterfall, incremental, and spiral models. These ... Testing Software SpecificationReviewIntegration TestingSystem TestingMaintain Software System SegmentSpecification Software RequirementsSpecification Software DesignDocument - PreliminarySoftware...

Báo cáo toán học: "omponents of functional-structural tree models" ppt

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... aspects of tree development can be modeled interms of an elementary unit. The functional aspects of tree development are the capture of resources and the dis-tribution of growth (in terms of mass). ... part of the shoot resulting from uninterruptedextension growth. Room et al. [87] describe it as “exten-sion of the contents of a previously dormant apical budfollowed by growth of neoformed ... tree models (FMSs) that are an outgrowth of developments in process-based models (PBMs) on the one hand, and morphological models on the other. Existing morphological and functional-structural models...

Báo cáo khoa học: "Outcomes of surgical treatment for upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma: Comparison of retroperitoneoscopic and open nephroureterectomy" pptx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

Báo cáo khoa học: " Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy in Patients with Cervical Cancer. An intra-individual Comparison of Prone and Supine Positioning" ppt

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

Cross-species comparison of genome-wide expression patterns pptx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

Báo cáo y học: "Changes in 10-12 year old’s fruit and vegetable intake in Norway from 2001 to 2008 in relation to gender and socioeconomic status - a comparison of two cross-sectional groups" pptx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

Secrects of Animal life cycle

Danh mục: Anh ngữ cho trẻ em

Tài liệu A Comparison of High-Level Full-System Power Models ppt

Danh mục: Tổ chức sự kiện

... Whileseveral types of full-system power models have been proposed,often in the context of enabling a particular optimization,they have not been systematically compared over a variety of software workloads ... power consumption of the disk, we also evaluated models that used the number of I/Orequests and the number of disk transfers as parameters in orderto have some idea of the balance of random vs. ... high-level full-system power models for a wide range of workloads and machines, and we compare the accuracy of these models in each instance. This analysis illuminates the trade-offsbetween simplicity...

Báo cáo khoa học: Recent contributions of in vitro models to our understanding of hepatitis C virus life cycle pdf

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

... the different in vitro models of HCV that have been developed and theircontribution to our current knowledge of the virus life cycle. Around 10 years after discovery of the HCV genomeand after ... largelypunctuated by the development of original models of research. At the end of the 1980s, the chimpanzee model led to cloning of the viral genome andthe deﬁnition of infectious molecular clones. ... involvement of p7 and NS2in HCV morphogenesis and release.This recent in vitro model reproducing the entire life cycle of HCV in Huh7 cell lines has enabled extensiveresearch into various areas of...

Screening environmental life cycle assessment of printed,web based and tablet e-paper newspaper ppt

Danh mục: Tự động hóa

... be considered a part of the newspaper lifecycle or a part of the lifecycle of heat and electricity or both. There are two principally different ways of handling this type of allocation problems. ... present average economic lifetimes of total life of 6-7 years (first life 5-6 years). According to Sverker Sjölin at Stena Technoworld, a major part of computers are recycled (personal communication ... analytical tool 13 Figure 5. A Life Cycle Assessment consists of four phases. 1.2.2 Allocation and system expansion Life Cycle Assessment is one example of an environmental systems analysis...

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Comparison of Generalized Audit Software ppt

Danh mục: Kế toán - Kiểm toán

... ?*Excel2007only#AvailableatadditionalcostAsyoucanseefromthematrix,alltheproductshavesimilartoolsandfeatures.ThefourspecialisedproductsalloffermorefeaturesthanExcelastheyarewrittenforthisspecificpurpose.AlthoughExcelisanincrediblypowerfultool,andwillcontinuetobeusedbyauditorsforyearstocomeitdoesfallshortwhenitcomestomorecomplexorspecificdataanalysis.However,whencombinedwithActiveDataorTopCAATs(whicharebothaddinsforExcel),Excelistransformedintoaverypowerfuldataanalysisplatform.AndwhilepriceshouldntbetheonlyfactortoconsiderwhenchoosingGAS,thecostofActiveDataorTopCAATsislessthanẳthepriceofIDEAorACL(basedonsingleuserlicenseandalreadyhavingExcelinstalled).ACLandIDEAarebothunrestrictedtotheamountofdatathattheycananalyse(limitedonlybythesizeofyourharddisk).ActiveDataandTopCAATsareallsubjecttothesamerestrictionsasExcel,whichinversionsuptoExcel2003is65,536rows.However,Excel2007allowsanalysisofover1,000,000recordsandbothActiveDataandTopCAATsarefullycompatiblewiththis.ACLandIDEAarealsofasteratanalysingdatathanExcel,ActiveDataorTopCAATs,althoughnoneoftheproductswereparticularlyslow.EaseofuseOtherthantheactualfeaturesavailable,themostimportantfactorwhenchoosingGASistheeaseofuse.Thisisoftencitedasbeingthebiggestbarriertoentryforauditfirms(andIAdepartments).Evenworsethanthis,Ioftenspeaktocompanieswhohavespenttensorhundredsofthousandsofdollarsonsoftwarefortheirstaff,onlytofindthatitssocomplexthatmostoftheirstaffdontactuallyuseit!WhilstACLandIDEAhavebothgoteasiertouseoverthelastfewyears,theresstillquiteasteeplearningcurvewiththemboth.Bothmanufacturersrecommendmultidaytrainingcourses,andlessITliteratestaffoftenstruggletotakeitallin.OntheotherhandActiveDataandTopCAATsarefarsimplertouse.BothruncompletelywithinExcelanenvironmentthatjustabouteveryauditorisalreadyfamiliarwith. ... 6ACLandIDEAalsosupporttheimporting of printfiles,allowingyoutoeasilydefinethefieldsandstripouttheheaders.WhilstthiscansometimesbeachievedinExcel,itisoftenafairlymanualtaskandcanleadtopoordataintegrity.ThereareadditionalproductsthatcanbeusedtoimportprintfilestoExcel,suchasImportWizard(http://www.beside.com/download.html)However,inrealitymostmodernaccountingpackagesanddatabasescanexporttoeither.xlsor.csvsotheseadditionalimportfunctionsarerarelyused.Furthermore,it’softeneasiertogetreportsinExcelformat,asthisiswhattheaccountingdepartmentattheclientusetoruntheirbusiness!HowtoselectapackageTestdriveWhenI’minthemarketforacar,Imayliketheappearanceandlook of aparticularvehicle.AndthenI’lllooktoseehowmanycars of thatmodelIseeontheroad.ButIfinallybasemydecisiononhowthecarfeels.AlmostanycarwillgetmefrompointAtoBandwillprovidesimilarfunctions.Shoppingforfraudinterrogation software issimilar.Some of thebellsandwhistlesmayberequirementsforaminority of users,butthecorefunctionalityandusabilityseemstobewhatmostpeoplewantonadailybasis.Mybestsuggestionistotakeatestdrive:obtaindemoversions of the software packages(trials of bothActiveDataandTopCAATscanbedownloadedfromtheirrespectivewebsites),andrunthesamereportthrougheachproduct.Youcandeterminewhichproductfeelsbest.Talktothecompanyrepresentatives,thehelpdesk,andotheruserstohelpformyouropinion.SummaryWhenchoosingGeneralizedAudit Software, therearemanyissuestoconsider:dataanalysisfeatures,ease of use,cost,importrequirements,etc.Beforerushingoutandpurchasingexpensive software forthewholedepartment,startsmallandbeginusingsome of thesetechniquesonafew of yourengagementstoassessyourneeds.AlltoooftenIseecompaniesinvesttens of thousands of dollarspurchasingandimplementingfraudinterrogation software onlytoshelveitforacouple of monthsandhitabrickwallwhentheywenttouseitagainbecausetheyhadforgottenmost of whattheyhadlearned.AsActiveDataandTopCAATsintegratesowellwithExcel,theytendtobeusedonamuchmoreregularbasis,andthisdecay of knowledgeovertimeismuchlessprofound.IhopeI’vehelpedtodispelthemythsthataudit software isdifficultandexpensive,andmovedyouclosertousingproactivedataanalysistechniquesonsome of yourengagements. 1 Comparison of GeneralizedAudit Software Intoday’smodernandcomputerizedworldevensmallcompanieshavehugenumbers of financialtransactionsgoingthroughthebooks.Asan(external)auditor,it’syourresponsibilitytoanalysethesetransactionsandultimatelytoformanopinionastowhethertheaccountsshowatrueandfairview of thecompany’sposition.Butwiththishugenumber of transactions,it’simpossibletoanalyseeverythingmanually,sowhatisthealternative?Theansweriswhatisknownas“generalizedaudit software .Generalizedaudit software packagesaretoolsdesignedspecificallyforauditorsandhavetwomainfunctions:1) ... 1 Comparison of GeneralizedAudit Software Intoday’smodernandcomputerizedworldevensmallcompanieshavehugenumbers of financialtransactionsgoingthroughthebooks.Asan(external)auditor,it’syourresponsibilitytoanalysethesetransactionsandultimatelytoformanopinionastowhethertheaccountsshowatrueandfairview of thecompany’sposition.Butwiththishugenumber of transactions,it’simpossibletoanalyseeverythingmanually,sowhatisthealternative?Theansweriswhatisknownas“generalizedaudit software .Generalizedaudit software packagesaretoolsdesignedspecificallyforauditorsandhavetwomainfunctions:1) Tofacilitateandautomatethetesting of 100% of apopulation2)...

báo cáo hóa học: " One-year health-related quality of life outcomes in weight loss trial participants: comparison of three measures" ppt

Danh mục: Hóa học - Dầu khí

... and various levels of weight loss or gain.AbbreviationsHRQOL: Health-related quality of life; PRO: Patientreported outcomes; IWQOL-Lite: Impact of Weight onQuality of Life- Lite questionnaire; ... Williams GR: Development of a brief measure to assess quality of life in obesity. Obes Res2001, 9:102-111.5. Kolotkin RL, Crosby RD: Manual for the Impact of Weight onQuality of Life Measure (IWQOL ... citation purposes)MeasuresImpact of Weight on Quality of Life- Lite (IWQOL-Lite)The IWQOL-Lite is a validated 31-item, self-report meas-ure of weight-related quality of life that provides a totalscore...

Báo cáo y học: "A comparison of the MOS-HIV and SF-12v2 for measuring health-related quality of life of men and women living with HIV/AIDS" pptx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

Báo cáo y học: " Repetition and severity of suicide attempts across the life cycle: a comparison by age group between suicide victims and controls with severe depression" ppsx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

Báo cáo y học: "Evolution of insect proteomes: insights into synapse organization and synaptic vesicle life cycle" pptx

Danh mục: Báo cáo khoa học

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