colletotrichum acutatum an example of fruit fungal interaction

... under canal irrigation is further less as most of the canals have dried up and there is hardly any supply of canal water Lack of maintenance of canal network and declining public investment in canal ... variability of climate phenomena Analysing the standard deviation of residuals can highlight the existence of temporal changes in the variability of climate phenomena, which is an important part of CC ... also in the hands of those who own water along with land and not only land Thus, there is a complete shift of power relation from the hands of ‘landlords’ to ‘waterlords’ The control and access...

Ngày tải lên: 28/06/2014, 09:20

... season i.e rest of the year (median 504.9 mm vs 0.3 mm respectively, p = 0.0002) The median maximum temperature in monsoon was 30.7°C and was significantly lower than during the rest of the year ... The median relative humidity in monsoon was 85% and was significantly higher than during the rest of the year (70%, p = 0.0008) The median barometric pressure) in monsoon was 1005 mb and was ... effect on human fluid balance although the exact mechanism is unclear [19] Chakrapani and colleagues have confirmed that the incidence of hyponatremia in hospital patients is significantly higher...

Ngày tải lên: 13/02/2014, 06:20

... Arabidopsis: localization of the CP26 and CP29 antenna complexes Biochemistry 42, 608–613 Liu Z, Yan H, Wang K, Kuang T-Y, Zhang J, Gui L, An X & Cheng W (2004) Crystal structure of spinach ˚ major ... X-ray structure of the higher plant LHCI– PSI supercomplex revealed several unique features of the organization of the LHCI antennae and its binding to the PSI core First, the number of Lhca proteins ... a mutant of Chlamydomonas generated by dsRNA antisense technology having an undetectable level of CP29 (A Kanno and J Minagawa, unpublished observations) We found that although this mutant was...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 21:20

... islands of Lolland and Bornholm are included in Zealand, and Jutland is the only part of the country belonging to mainland Europe), and we also observe a crude indicator of the degree of urbanization, ... Boelelaan 1105 1081 HV Amsterdam The Netherlands E-mail: gjvdberg@xs4all.nl * We thank Angus Deaton, Hans Christian Johansen, Adriana Lleras-Muney, Bernard van Praag, Andreas Wienke, and participants ... studying the importance of the timing of the macro fluctuations around the year of birth and by interacting the effects with regional indicators and the degree of urbanization The Danish twin data...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 08:20

... groups, an analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA) was performed between fallers and non-fallers for each parameter of the walking in the two conditions (single and dual task conditions) When the ANOVA ... years and mean weight and height were 69.579/14.23 kg and 1.609/0.07 m respectively There were 19 non-fallers (19 women), mean age 67.059/4.81 years and mean weight and height 72.179/15.62 kg and ... balance test, analysis of variance (two-way ANOVA) was performed between fallers and non-fallers for the two conditions (eyes open and eyes closed) Then, in order to study the parameters of gait...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 20:20

... Because of freedom of LM and CrCa rotation of both ends about the sphere joints, there were no external constraints on proximal relative to distal end of radius: LM and CrCa translation; and LM and ... biomechanical characteristics of intact and two Association for the Study of Internal Fixation (ASIF) techniques for repair of an oblique fracture involving the distal (inferior) diaphysis of an ... Nm):3D components ofB) osteotomy, and C) ostectomy ends of the 50 mm test segment versus applied torque (Example Example of the 3D components of rotational displacement between ends of the 50 mm test...

Ngày tải lên: 20/06/2014, 01:20

... many authors [4, 13, 18, 22] In 1997, Jung and Kim [9] extended Bauschke’s result to a Banach space and Shioji and Takahashi [19] improved Wittmann’s result to a certain Banach space Shimizu and ... E Browder, Convergence of approximants to fixed points of nonexpansive non-linear mappings in Banach spaces, Arch Rational Mech Anal 24 (1967), 82–90 Y J Cho, S M Kang, and H Zhou, Some control ... fixed points of nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces, J Math Anal Appl 302 (2005), no 2, 509–520 J S Jung and T H Kim, Convergence of approximate sequences for compositions of nonexpansive mappings...

Ngày tải lên: 23/06/2014, 00:20

... measurements were made of the quantity of charge The expander formulations are listed in Table Their efficiency and performance were tested and compared by means of CV and CC A miniplate Žarea: ... suitable expanders and inhibitors This was based on potential-sweep measurements and galvanostatic impedance techniques, and it was shown that determination of impedance at constant current improves ... experiments to study the formation of PbSO4 in H SO4 at y188C, ‘with’ and ‘without’ expanders, and proposed a mechanism of expander action for the charge-transfer process Finally, there have...

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 20:21

... measurements were made of the quantity of charge The expander formulations are listed in Table Their efficiency and performance were tested and compared by means of CV and CC A miniplate Žarea: ... suitable expanders and inhibitors This was based on potential-sweep measurements and galvanostatic impedance techniques, and it was shown that determination of impedance at constant current improves ... experiments to study the formation of PbSO4 in H SO4 at y188C, ‘with’ and ‘without’ expanders, and proposed a mechanism of expander action for the charge-transfer process Finally, there have...

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 21:20

... with the use of seed trees based on the comparison of three variants of the regeneration of a mixed oak-beech stand (1st irregular shelterwood – gaps of a diameter of 23 m, mean value of relative ... thousand and every other year by 10 thousand Effects of the degree of light intensity are not quite significant in that case The significantly lowest number of seedlings at the beginning and at ... (8): 359–368 Fig A map of degrees of light intensity (RP I, II) and canopy openness 361 derived for RP I and II when about a 20% increase in TSF meant a 10% increase of canopy openness In the...

Ngày tải lên: 07/08/2014, 10:21

... azimuthal angles so that they have become functions of elevation angle (θ) only, as shown (6) Note that the zenith sector is treated as an annular piece with an average elevation angle of 85° and an angular ... For each analysis of variance, Tukey’s test was used to compare the means Analysis of variance was performed separately for each sky condition and time period A four-way analysis of variance (methods, ... Freeman and Co., San Francisco, 1981 [20] Grant R.H., Ultraviolet and photosynthetically active bands: plane surface irradiance at corn canopy base, Agron J 83 (1991) 391– 396 [37] Spies T.A., Franklin...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 00:22

... systems and a variety of studies have shown gross changes in allocation of biomass between roots and shoots, and how the growth, size, spread and architecture etc., of tree root systems change in ... the value of the standard error of the means for the grass × harvest interaction Relative growth rates, root:shoot ratios, lengths of tap-root and total root system, and proportions were analysed ... flora of competitive weeds Seeds of two other species, Quercus robur L and Corylus avellana L were also pre-treated and sown but failed to germinate MATERIALS AND METHODS Seeds of British provenances...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:21

... rate of fire spread, and made visual estimates of flame height and flame tilt angle [5] Flame height was estimated in 0.2-m and 0.5-m classes, respectively for flames shorter and taller than m, and ... plot) of the minimum tip diameter of the remaining branches and stems with a calliper [43] Rate of fire spread, the estimated fuel consumption, and a standard low heat of combustion value of 18 ... fuel management and fire hazard reduction in Mediterranean wildland – urban interfaces”, an European Union funded project (no EVG1-CT-2001-00041) Délio Sousa, Carlos Brito, Carlos Fernandes,...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 01:22

... A Nordmanniana, A numidica) Ann Sci For 137-158 Becker M (1989) The role of climate on present and past vitality of silver fir forests in the Vosges mountains of northeastern France Can J For ... understand the water relations of this species in the field The aim of this work was: to collect information about diurnal and seasonal variations in water potential, stomatal conductance and transpiration ... Gams angle > 50°, in a centre of xericity called Briançonnais (near Briançon) It is located in the Council Forest of Montgenèvre (abbreviated MTG) at a place named Bois des Bans at a mean elevation...

Ngày tải lên: 08/08/2014, 19:21

... transcription of thousands of genes Thus, the elucidation of such programs in terms of the regulatory interactions involved is pivotal for the understanding of how organisms have evolved and what ... incoming connectivity Figure Analyses of the regulatory network of A thaliana Analyses of the regulatory network of A thaliana Distributions for the transcriptional network of: (a) outgoing connectivity ... motifs of three (a) and four (b) genes found in the transcriptional network of A thaliana Network Network motifs of three (a) and four (b) genes found in the transcriptional network of A thaliana...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 20:20

... Standardized anesthesia was induced with midazolam (0.05 to 0.1 mg/kg), fentanyl (5 μg/ kg), etomidate (0.2 mg/kg), and pancuronium (0.1 mg/kg) Isoflurane (0.6 to volume percentage end tidal) and ... capacity of the measured parameters, the absolute values of CVP, PCWP, GEDVI, SVV, and PPV after induction of anesthesia and the relative changes between the two measurements in this study were analyzed ... significant increase in heart rate and a significant decrease in CVP (Table 2) We also observed a significant decrease in systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances with a concomitant significant...

Ngày tải lên: 13/08/2014, 10:20

... potential errors, patterns of concordance and discordance between experimental data and models can be exploited as a means of generating biological insight For example, an approach for elucidating ... pattern of discordance could be the result of a deficiency in the model, it could be the result of an error in the deletion strain Preliminary examination of some of the mutants that were discordant ... media, and anaerobic growth (Table 1; Materials and methods) Briefly, the growth of each mutant (assayed using empirically determined parameters of spot size and intensity (Materials and methods and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 21:20

... currently the Rector of University of Abomey Calavi, Republic of Benin His research interests are management of natural pastures, management of forage resources, management of protected areas (National ... Vijaykumar, P S S Srinivasan, and S Dhandapani, “A performance of hollow clay tile (HCT) laid reinforced cement concrete (RCC) roof for tropical summer climates,” Energy and Buildings, vol 39, no ... pollutant fields, and heat transfer through roof materials His research interests include the fate of toxicants in the environment, the impact of climate change on food security and solar energy...

Ngày tải lên: 09/09/2015, 10:32

... increasing chain length of the fatty acid residues C Sanitizer resistance of biofilm Mechanism of resistance of biofilm to sanitizers Attached cells often behave differently than their free-living ... subsequent biofilm formation (Kumar and Anand, 1998) An inappropriate cleaning strategy would lead to biofilm formation and increase the biotransfer and cross-contamination potential Removal of biofilms ... temperature 17 Effect of pH 20 Other factors 22 C Sanitizer resistance of biofilm 23 Mechanism of resistance of biofilm to sanitizers 23 Factors...

Ngày tải lên: 06/10/2015, 21:14

... 5, and For measurement of the nitrification rate, NH4Cl was used as the substrate For measurement of the denitrification rate, NaNO3 and methanol were used as substrates, and the weight ratio of ... American Public Health Association, American Water Works Association and Water Environmental Federation, (2005) Standard method for examination of water and wastewater, 21st ed [16] Japanese Standards ... the Japan Science and Technology Agency We wish to thank Dr A Hiraishi, Professor at Toyohashi University of Technology, for helpful advice and technical support during the measurement of respiration...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 09:38