coding and error correction in optical fiber communications systems

... Pulse intensity Pulse intensity Chirp Optical phase (a) Pulse intensity and optical phase (b) Pulse intensity and chirp Fig Pulse intensity, optical phase and chirp in an optical Gaussian pulse ... is known as a WDM-PON Fiber optical networks, working on the basis of WDMA technique, are natural evolution of optical fiber links working in point-to-point topology using WDM WDMA network development ... to be linearly chirped [Agrawal 2010] In a linear chirp, the instantaneous frequency f(t ) varies linearly with time: f(t) = f0 + Ct (6) 60 Optical Fiber Communications and Devices Pulse intensity...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... arising from chirp induced by DML becomes too large and causes an error in pulse reconstruction 70 Optical Fiber Communications and Devices 4.2 C and D cases: Transient dominated laser C and ... km of fiber, channels are demultiplexed and detected using a typical pin photodiode We have used two kinds of optical fibers; the already laid and widely deployed single-mode ITU-T G.652 fiber ... In this work, we are mainly interested in comparing the system performance based on the type of fiber and DML used; for this reason, the rest of link components have been modeled by considering...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... and even sometimes running in the airsuspended from overhead cables Optical fibre is dominant in submarine, long haul and metropolitan area networks, and is beginning to dominate high-performance ... (www.internetworldstats.com, 2011) Moreover, as telecom technology is deployed in emerging economic powers including Brazil, India and China and is seen by the World Bank as the key to economic independence ... experiments on testing microcapillary lenses for focusing and imaging with synchrotron and laboratory X-ray sources Prof T Baumbach and Dr R Simon were so kind to invite me for taking part in experiments...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... of Handmade 1x12 Polymer Optical Fiber- Based Optical Splitter 2009 International Conference on Electrical Engineering and Informatics, Selangor, Malaysia 162 Optical Fiber Communications and ... output power obtained by injecting LED into POF splitter (through 152 Optical Fiber Communications and Devices single POF port) and each POF ports (on cascaded side) measured by optical power meter ... Multiplex (WDM) with an optical multiplexer and demultiplexer twisting and fusion, side polishing, chemical etching, cutting and gluing, thermal deformation, moulding, biconical body and reflective body...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... Incorrectly cleaved end Air Air Fiber Fiber Fiber Fiber Fiber Refractive-index matching material Fiber Fiber Refractive-index matching material Fig Various states of fiber connections Overview of ... state Fiber connection using refractive-index matching material Fiber (2) Mixture of refractive-index (3) Unexpected use of incorrectly cleaved matching material and air-filled gaps fiber end Incorrectly ... refractive indices of the fiber core and the medium, respectively For instance, when a cleaved fiber end is in air, the refractive indices of the fiber core and air are 1.454 and 1.0, respectively, and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... the error in the computation of the Q-factor using the time domain Monte Carlo method with a single string of bits 282 Optical Fiber Communications and Devices In Fig 1, we show the results using ... determine the performance degradation that results from the combination of PDL and inter-channel PMD in transoceanic optical fiber transmission systems Modelling systems with significant intra-channel ... [Qmin , Qmax ]   q3 q    (19) ˆ ˆ ˆ ˆ where Qmax and Qmin are given by substituting s ⋅ p = –1 and s ⋅ p = +1 in Eq (9) and Eq (13) 2.1 Modelling validation with simulations In Figs and...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... algorithm in line 13; δG,w edge-disjoint paths connecting z and w are requested If found (lines 14-16) and with 304 12 Optical Fiber Communications and Devices Will-be-set-by -IN- TECH Fig Computing ... shortest path in its main loop, instead of computing a set of “simultaneous disjoint shortest paths” and then randomly choosing one (as in previous algorithms), thus involving less computing 2.4 Local ... to determine the performance degradation due to intra-channel PMD in optical fiber communication systems, and to show that the receiver filter bandwidths optimized for optical fiber systems at...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... described, emphasizing the main advantages of optical links for digital data transmission and discussing how high speed optical links are handled in the electronic domain In the second section, ... discussed 2.1 Optical fiber link The main advantages of optical fiber data links are those inherited from the optical nature of the transmission medium These advantages and drawbacks of optical fibers ... routing, allocation and grooming algorithm shown in Figure 11 The assignment and grooming algorithm is based on the known minimun steiner tree to determine the routing tree Once it is determined...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... single non-terminated lines, pins, unfinished IC’s or non-terminated segments acting as antennas, as illustrated in Figure In Design of Advanced Digital Systems Based on High-Speed Optical Links ... differential lines but we have not introduced single-ended lines connecting a source with load or receiver They are used in point-to-point routing, signal clock routing, low-speed lines and non-critical ... lay in the field 360 Optical Fiber Communications and Devices of electronic engineering Other aspects, and due to the high frequency involved in such systems, need some additional analysis In...

Ngày tải lên: 21/06/2014, 05:20

... refractive index and c the speed of light in vacuum In the case of single mode fibers that are used in parametric devices, we have that = (ncore – ncladding)/ncladding

Ngày tải lên: 27/06/2014, 01:20

... high speed and high bandwidth Internet It supports all the global business, finance, market, and communication In parallel with the application of optical fiber communication, optical fiber has ... summarized in the 15th Optical Fiber Sensors (OFS) Conference as the technologies involved in Fig 1.3 In section 1.2.1, the most popular topic in optical fiber sensors, fiber grating sensor technology, ... distance and the usage of more complex components, optical monitoring becomes more difficult And the main monitoring parameters in the optical communication system are CD, PMD, nonlinearities and optical...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 08:41

... phase information of the optical signal can be modulated, the receiver complexity and cost will increase accordingly To meet the bandwidth demand of the exponentially increasing internet traffic in ... detection and multiplexing technologies, including time-, wavelength, polarization and even mode multiplexing All these multiplexing approaches are independent, thus enabling any combination depending ... COHERENT PHASE-MODULATED OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS WITH LINEAR AND NONLINEAR PHASE NOISE ZHANG SHAOLIANG (B Eng.(Hons.), Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, China) A THESIS SUBMITTED...

Ngày tải lên: 10/09/2015, 15:47

... protocol introduced in [46] is aimed at eliminating the instability and periodic losses inherent in both RLC and RLM This is due to the bandwidth inference in these protocols caused by the join experiments ... nodes are entire domains instead of individual routers BGMP builds and maintains group shared trees with a single root domain, and can optionally allow domains to create single-source branches ... Forward Error Correction Forward Error Correction (FEC) is a mechanism of error control that is based on introducing redundant data into the transmitted message thus allowing a receiver to detect and...

Ngày tải lên: 26/10/2013, 17:15

... “corrected” each month by changes in dividends by changes in dividends ldiv ldiv Exogenous I(0) Exogenous I(0) variables variables affecting stock affecting stock index and index and dividends dividends ... by changes in stock by changes in stock index lft500 index lft500 © Roy Batchelor 2000 Forecasting: make VAR-ECM model EVIEWS Tutorial 28 © Roy Batchelor 2000 14 14 Dynamic forecasting: year ahead ... Cointegration: two variables r The variables lft500 (log of stock index) and ldiv (log of dividends per share) are both I(1) r We can test whether they are cointegrated – that is, whether a linear...

Ngày tải lên: 06/11/2013, 18:15

... “corrected” each month by changes in dividends by changes in dividends ldiv ldiv Exogenous I(0) Exogenous I(0) variables variables affecting stock affecting stock index and index and dividends dividends ... by changes in stock by changes in stock index lft500 index lft500 © Roy Batchelor 2000 Forecasting: make VAR-ECM model EVIEWS Tutorial 28 © Roy Batchelor 2000 14 14 Dynamic forecasting: year ahead ... Cointegration: two variables r The variables lft500 (log of stock index) and ldiv (log of dividends per share) are both I(1) r We can test whether they are cointegrated – that is, whether a linear...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 08:21

Ngày tải lên: 31/03/2014, 23:56

... Minn and S Xing, “An optimal training signal structure for frequency-offset estimation,” IEEE Transactions on Communications, vol 53, no 2, pp 343–355, 2005 [14] A Adriaensen, A Van Doninck, and ... algorithm for joint carrier phase/Doppler-shift and Doppler-rate estimation for the 2P format, the 3P format, and the sub-optimum 4P format, are introduced in Sections and 5, respectively Finally, some ... demonstrate in Appendix B that the 3P format (Figure 1(b)) minimizes the CRB for Doppler-rate estimation, with the usual constraints on the total training block length and on the burst overhead (1) In...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 19:20

... B.S degree in physics in 1995 and the B.S degree in electrical engineering in 1996, both from Tel Aviv University (TAU), Tel Aviv, Israel, and the Ph.D degree in electrical engineering and computer ... its roots in multiwindow Gabor systems The next article by F Jin et al proposes a new denoising method in which motion estimation and compensation, as well as temporal and spatial filtering, are ... areas of signal processing, statistical signal processing, and quantum information theory Dr Eldar was in the program for outstanding students at TAU from 1992 to 1996 In 1998, she held the Rosenblith...

Ngày tải lên: 22/06/2014, 23:20

... are they? 20 CHAPTER FINDINGS AND DISCUSSIONS 4.1 Findings 4.1.1 Findings from the interviewing analysis and comparison Before doing the interviewing, five copies of the interview forms are delivered ... Interviewing (see Appendix 1) Interviewing is an effective and basic research tool in social science In this thesis, interviewing is used to obtain ideas and information about teachers‟ spoken error correction ... obtaining information about steps used by the teachers and how teachers use techniques in correcting errors English was used in all the interviews because correction techniques and steps of the correction...

Ngày tải lên: 05/07/2014, 07:55

... of forward error correction coding (FEC) System capacity (for BER = 10 −12 ) is shown to be 23 Gb/s without coding, and 75 Gb/s with a (255,239) Reed Solomon code ... kept < dB by employing filters with N > Moreover spectrumsliced FSK systems using optical preamplifier receivers are shown, for the first time, to perform better in a peak optical power limited ... sensitivity is investigated for both OOK and FSK transmission, assuming the system (de)multiplexer filters to be N’th order Butterworth bandpass Although narrower filters are recommended for improving power...

Ngày tải lên: 06/08/2014, 00:20