code for line follower robot using 8051

... 8051 and PC using RS232. RS232C The example serial waveforms in Fig 1 show the waveform on a single conductor to transmit a byte (0x41) serially. The upper waveform is the TTL-level waveform ... written using multiple .c files, main can only occur in one of them. * Unlike in programming user applications for a standard computer, the * main() function in a Keil program for the 8051 takes ... true with the 8051, which has separate memory spaces for code, on-chip data, and external data. To accommodate for this when writing C code, Keil added extensions to variable declarations...

Ngày tải lên: 20/01/2014, 02:20

... values for Case II (d) Standard deviations for Case II Figure 7. Convergence history of the objective function (total power/cost) for HAWT wind farm using GA with Werle’s wake model [5] for ... C T . Using the wake model of Werle, we can perform the optimization study in Table 2. The convergence history is shown in Figure 7. The values in Table 2 are very close to those obtained by using ... 2076-2909 (Online) ©2012 International Energy & Environment Foundation. All rights reserved. 935 (a) Best, mean and median objective valuses for Case I (b) Standard deviations for Case...

Ngày tải lên: 05/09/2013, 17:03

Ngày tải lên: 15/09/2013, 21:51

Ngày tải lên: 07/12/2013, 11:41

... Sensors for Mobile Robot Positioning Chapter 1: Sensors for Dead Reckoning Page 8 1.1 Optical Encoders The first optical encoders were developed in the mid-1940s by the Baldwin Piano Company for use ... rate, which for a given line count reduces the number of possible encoder pulses per sampling interval. A typical limitation for a 5 cm (2-inch) diameter incremental encoder disk is 2540 lines [Henkel, ... Sensors for Mobile Robot Positioning Page 5 Chapter 1: Sensors for Dead Reckoning Page 7 1.1 Optical Encoders Page 8 1.1.1 Incremental Optical Encoders Page 8 1.1.2 Absolute Optical Encoders Page...

Ngày tải lên: 12/12/2013, 21:16

... with a unique code pattern for each quantized shaft position. The most common coding schemes are Gray code, natural binary, and binary-coded decimal [Avolio, 1993]. The Gray code (for inventor ... Sensors for Mobile Robot Positioning Chapter 1: Sensors for Dead Reckoning Page 8 1.1 Optical Encoders The first optical encoders were developed in the mid-1940s by the Baldwin Piano Company for use ... rate, which for a given line count reduces the number of possible encoder pulses per sampling interval. A typical limitation for a 5 cm (2-inch) diameter incremental encoder disk is 2540 lines [Henkel,...

Ngày tải lên: 16/12/2013, 14:15

... approved saddles. Separations for Copper Cables HV (>1000Vac) = 900mm for performance. 450mm for safety. LV (≤240Vac) = 300mm for performance. 50mm or barrier for safety. EMI Separation = 300mm ... KRONE approved lengths for C6 or C6 A Warranty. Pair Un-twist <13 mm for C5, and <10 mm for C6 and Augmented C6. Sheath Stripping <10 mm from termination housing for C5 & C6 and Augmented ... document is for illustrative purposes only and does not form a legally binding contract with the Company. The information and design for an installation and quantities and pricing for materials...

Ngày tải lên: 21/12/2013, 13:15

... rate, which for a given line count reduces the number of possible encoder pulses per sampling interval. A typical limitation for a 5 cm (2-inch) diameter incremental encoder disk is 2540 lines [Henkel, ... with a unique code pattern for each quantized shaft position. The most common coding schemes are Gray code, natural binary, and binary-coded decimal [Avolio, 1993]. The Gray code (for inventor ... to recover the code Part I: Sensors for Mobile Robot Positioning cot cotθθ SA i d l =+ 2 cot cotθθ SA o d l =− 2 Part I: Sensors for Mobile Robot Positioning Chapter 1: Sensors for Dead Reckoning Page...

Ngày tải lên: 19/01/2014, 19:20

... 85.12 85.32 Baseline 64.14 66.99 65.53 Table 3. Structure feature contribution for HIT test set *Plain= Lex +Online Str 312 baseline only assesses semantic similarity using the lexical ... experiment is shown in Table 1. We use 5000 sentences for experiment and divide them into three parts, with 3k for train- ing, 1k for testing and 1k for tuning the parameters of kernels and thresholds ... grow-diag-final for both Moses and the syntax system. For sub-tree- alignment, we use the above word alignment to learn lexical/word alignment feature, and train with the FBIS training corpus (200) using...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 04:20

... the algorithm for computing the -best lists is sub- optimal. Table 8: Preliminary translation results for the Verbmobil Test-147 for different contextual infor- mation and different thresholds using ... surrounding the word pair; Syntactic information: part-of-speech in- formation, syntactic constituent, sentence mood; Semantic information: disambiguation in- formation (e.g. from WordNet), cur- rent/previous ... lexicon models lack from context infor- mation that can be extracted from the same paral- lel corpus. This additional information could be: Simple context information: information of the words surrounding...

Ngày tải lên: 20/02/2014, 18:20

... where the linear relationship in equation [5] applies to some transformation of the dependent variable y i . For transformations of the dependent variable y i (e.g., the logarithmic or logit transformation), β 1 then ... the last decade, focus on and efforts to promote population health data for major ethnic gr oups have increased. Ten-year trends now are available for some groups. For subgroups within major racial/ethnic ... to 1982–1996 for lung and colorectal cancers and decreased for breast cancer. The researchers did not, however, account for changes in the social distribution of education during this period and were forced...

Ngày tải lên: 06/03/2014, 01:20

... Association for Computational Linguistics:shortpapers, pages 389–394, Portland, Oregon, June 19-24, 2011. c 2011 Association for Computational Linguistics Improving On -line Handwritten Recognition using ... language modelling that will affect on -line HTR decoding as well. In fact, although language perplexities for the test sets are quite low (33 for Spanish and 48 for En- glish), perplexities accounting ... development and test sets of 1.1k sentences. Test perplexities for Spanish and English are 33 and 48, respectively. For on -line HTR, the on -line handwritten UNIPEN corpus (Guyon et al., 1994) was used. The...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 22:20

... The amplifier gain was set at 1.00 for forward scattering; the detector voltage was set to E00 for forward scattering and 600 V for FL1, and the threshold for forward scattering was set at 52. ... analyzed using cellquest software (Becton Dickinson and Com- pany). Parameters were as follows: the amplifiers were set in linear mode for forward scattering and in logarithmic mode for the green ... were per- formed using the following primary antibodies: (a) anti-protein A for the ZZ domain, (b) anti-IgG for Fc, and (c) anti-b-actin as the loading control. (B) Halo bioassays were performed...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 01:20

... the performance of our experiments on the error detection task. To compare with pre- vious work using word posterior probabilities for confidence estimation, we carried out experiments using wpp ... Association for Computational Linguistics, pages 604–611, Uppsala, Sweden, 11-16 July 2010. c 2010 Association for Computational Linguistics Error Detection for Statistical Machine Translation Using ... therefore very desir- able not only for post-editing and interactive ma- chine translation (Ueffing and Ney, 2007) but also for SMT itself: either by rescoring hypotheses in the N -best list using...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 16:20

... distance-based base- line for textual entailment (Mehdad and Magnini, 2009) in compare with the results achieved by the random, intuitive and optimized cost schemes us- ing EDITS system. For the better ... quality of the system performance even more than the cost scheme used by the experts (Intuitive cost scheme). Further- more, using the fine-grained and weighted cost scheme for edit operations we ... algorithms, Tree Edit Distance (TED) has offered many solutions for various NLP applications such as information re- trieval, information extraction, similarity estima- tion and textual entailment....

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 17:20

... ASCII-based input/output format. In addition, a new XML-based file format primarly designed as being human readable and a fast binary file format are also supported. All file formats support optional on-the-fly ... has been built using the SWIG interface generator (Beazley et al., 1996) and enables rapid development of larger applica- tions without lengthy compilation of C++ code. The command -line interface ... C++ code. The command -line interface comes handy for quickly applying various combinations of algorithms to transducers without writing any line of code at all. As the Python interface is mainly...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

... used for training the language model. The second 100 thousand sentences are used for test- ing. The remaining 8 thousand sentences are used as a heldout set for smoothing the parameters. For ... 1996. Estimat- ing lexical priors for low-frequency morphologi- cally ambiguous forms. Computational Linguis- tics, 22(2):155-166. Eric Brill. 1995. Transformation-based error-driven learning ... algorithm for Chinese. Com- putational Linguistics, 22(3):377-404. Koichi Takeuchi and Yuji Matsumoto. 1997. HMM parameter learning for Japanese morphological analyzer. Transaction of Information...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 19:20

Ngày tải lên: 26/03/2014, 14:07