clubbing of income of spouse minor child etc

... finding that income effects on child outcomes are larger at lower levels of income, they find that the gradient appears at all income levels; upper -income children better than middle -income children, ... of income matters such that, for example, low income in early childhood has a more adverse effect on later health than low income later in childhood and they find no effect of the timing of income ... 1990’s cohort of children from a particular part of South West England and find the direct impact of income on child health is small They also find no change in the income gradient with child age.10...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 09:20

... Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission of HIV, Maternal, Neonatal, and Child Health and Pediatric HIV Services Objectives of the Guidance Supporting the integration of Prevention of Mother to Child ... and WHO, has committed to the goal of virtual elimination of mother-to -child transmission of HIV by 2015 These important goals have been adopted in the context of significant scientific advances ... recommendation of cotrimoxazole for all HIV exposed children at weeks of age until 15 months of age 2+3 Cotrimoxazole decreases morbidity and mortality by approximately 45% in HIV exposed children...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 19:20

... sub-domain (item 1: ‘‘How often does your child have a lot of fun?’’ and item 4: ‘‘How often does your child feel happy?’’) The items of the SPS sub-domain Psychometric properties of the CHIP-CE composed ... items 31 (‘‘How often did your child have trouble walking one block?’’), 32 (‘‘How often did your child have trouble walking up one flight of stairs?’’), and 33 (‘‘How often did your child have trouble ... 44 (‘‘How often did your child play active games or sports?’’), 45 (‘‘How often did your child play hard enough to start sweating and breathing hard?’’), and 46 (‘‘How often did your child run...

Ngày tải lên: 12/02/2014, 19:20

... the age group of 10-19 years in rural India from August 2011 As part of promotion of menstrual hygiene, the napkins will be sold by the ASHA to girls at a cost of Rs.6 for a pack of six i.e Rs.1 ... of attainment of menarche ranged from eleven to sixteen years Only 36.19% girls were aware regarding menstruation prior to the attainment of menarche Mother was found to be the first source of ... menstrual cycle was of 28-32 days (Table I) Only 36.19% girls were aware regarding menstruation prior to the attainment of menarche In 61.29% of girls mother was found to be first source of information...

Ngày tải lên: 21/02/2014, 14:20

... impact more than one third of the population In 82% of cases women not have skilled professionals attending the delivery of children Timor-Leste’s birth rate of over seven children per family contributes ... malnourished since birth Malnutrition is one of the major crises facing children in India Close to 50% of children suffer from some form of malnutrition Over 43% of children in West Bengal are underweight, ... under-developed, and the effects of this are seen in the health of its children Nearly half of them are suffering from some form of malnutrition, making them very susceptible to childhood illnesses Food...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 10:20

... and development of women and children and in reducing maternal and child mortality However, maternal and child health care services not adequately meet the needs of women and children, and great ... population of women and children in the world In 005 the population of women in China was 630 million, and children, aged 0-14, reached 260 million Since the founding of the People ’ Republic of China, ... prevalence of stunting among children under five was reduced by 55.2%; the number of underweight children dropped from 18.0% in 1992 to 7.8% in 2002; the coverage of immunization maintained a rate of...

Ngày tải lên: 05/03/2014, 10:20

... treatment of major childhood illness will have increased in the 68 high-burden countries that account for 95% of maternal and child mortality7 through expansion of IMCI to more than 75% of districts, ... partners These are: The Integrated Management of Pregnancy and Childbirth (IMPAC); The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI), and improving care of children in hospitals; Increasing access ... specialist Child Health Lead and promote visibility of Child health in the work of the department Ensure Child specific issues reflected in cross-cutting guidelines Lead the work on child specific...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 04:20

... Florida median family income is decreasing The number of Florida children in low -income households where housing costs exceed 30% of income is increasing The number of homeless children in Florida ... poor outcomes across all areas for children, but particularly young children, low -income children and minority children.54 Poverty poses risks for children of all races.55 Gaps in the abilities ... the weight of the influence of child care/early education on children’s development The positive relationship between child care/early education quality and virtually every facet of children’s...

Ngày tải lên: 07/03/2014, 04:20

... demarcates the end of DHS-II surveys and the beginning of DHS-III and DHS+ surveys, thus allowing us to use similar Adolescents’ Use of Maternal and Child Health Services TABLE Year of Demographic ... Journal of Nutrition, 2001, 131(Suppl 2):697S–701S Westoff CF Trends in Marriage and Early Childbearing in Develop, ing Countries, Calverton, MD, USA: ORC Macro, 2003 Save the Children, State of the ... poor health outcomes and early childbearing, we examined adolescent mothers’ use of maternal and child health services in developing countries We assessed their use of antenatal care, delivery care...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 11:20

... were children under the age of 18, and 5.8 million were children under the age of six—which accounts for 21 percent and 24 percent of all children in their respective age groups This percentage of ... problem of unobserved correlates of poverty, it does provide a more robust measure of the economic resources of the family Income, of course, is the money that flows into a family over the course of ... educational attainment of children, both of which are correlated with child development measures (20) The distribution of wealth in the United States is far more disparate than that of income Wealth reflects...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 11:20

... an active member of the Council of Deans of College of Education in Region III She was the president of Rotary Club of Central Tarlac Rosalina C Garcia is a graduate of Doctor of Education major ... (MHUs) of the province of Biliran started implementing the center-based child birth delivery in compliance with Resolution No, 166 series of 2006 of the Sangguniang Panlalawigan of the province of ... chair of the BEEd department of the College of Education and the coordinator of professional consultancy and development services Dr Garcia is an active member of the Philippine Association of University...

Ngày tải lên: 14/03/2014, 11:20

... Ministry of Health; 2008 26 HAPCO/FMoH: Guidelines for Prevention of Mother-to -Child Transmission of HIV in Ethiopia Addis Ababa: Federal HIV/AIDS prevention and Control Office/Federal Ministry of ... number of first time antenatal attendees, number of revisit antenatal attendees, number of women who received pre-test HIV counselling, number of women who received HIV testing, number of women ... certain period in a year, lack of representation of private health facilities, sites are often urban biased and the sample sizes are often arguable Not being part of routine activity, costs associated...

Ngày tải lên: 15/03/2014, 10:20

... highest estimated numbers of pregnant women living with HIV in need of antiretrovirals to prevent mother-to -child transmission of HIV and numbers of children in need of antiretroviral therapy ... important part of this strategy Primary Prevention of HIV in Women and Prevention of Unintended Pregnancy Prevention of HIV infection in women of childbearing age and prevention of unintended ... are part of the fabric of health care provided to women and children Conclusions The members of the Expert Panel emphasize the importance of maximizing the extent to which PMTCT, one of the most...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... To understand the mechanism of mother to child transmission (MTCT) of HIV q  To understand the key points of intervention to prevent MTCT of HIV q  To be aware of the antiretroviral drug therapy ... throughout pregnancy Mother to Child Transmission of HIV: 
 Timing & mechanisms of transmission In utero infection HIV infected woman passes virus onto baby Breastfeeding At time of labor and delivery ... Proportion of infections 100% http://www.aidsinfo.nih.gov/ Antepartum Care q Combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) to ALL women regardless of CD4 count / viral load q Timing of initiation...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the National Evaluation of the Effectiveness ofTransmission Prevention of Mother-to -Child the National Prevention of Mother-to -Child Transmission (PMTCT) ... years of implementing the national Prevention of Mother-to -Child Transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programme in South Africa interventions to prevent mother-to -child transmission (MTCT) of HIV are now offered ... Infant gender Education of mother Marital status of mother Main building material of house Main source of drinking water Type of toilet Main source of fuel Depletion of food supply in past 12...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 05:20

... of the Ministry‟s child- related priorities The Policy and Plan of Action need to be aligned with the current and projected needs of all children (a child being all individuals below the age of ... its coverage of offences against children and structures and mechanisms are provided only for child offenders The JJ Act will be appropriately amended to expand the scope of the offences covered ... vulnerable, including children living on the street, child labourers, trafficked children, differently abled children, children caught in conflict zones and disaster hit areas, children of women engaged...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 06:20

... in the home of the pregnant woman, the woman after birth of the newborn and of the child •  Recognition of the danger signs of obstetric and neonatal complications and of the sick child •  Transportation ... the Ministry of Health The audit results As a result of joint work with the support of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, and international organizations, 57 cases of death from ... hemorrhage was the cause of 30.7 % of recorded maternal deaths, sepsis of 19.9% and pregnancy hypertension of 6.0% of cases In 2010, the contribution of bleeding to the structure of maternal mortality...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 09:20

... SCALE-UP OF THE PRE VENTION OF MOTHER-TO -CHILD TR ANSMISSION OF HIV Table of contents GUIDANCE ON GLOBAL SCALE-UP OF THE PRE VENTION OF MOTHER-TO -CHILD TR ANSMISSION OF HIV Executive summary AIDS ... scaling up of programmes, and tracking the global progress of the prevention of mother-to -child transmission of HIV and HIV care and treatment for children GUIDANCE ON GLOBAL SCALE-UP OF THE PRE ... women living with HIV and their children and families GUIDANCE ON GLOBAL SCALE-UP OF THE PRE VENTION OF MOTHER-TO -CHILD TR ANSMISSION OF HIV Status of implementation of PMTCT programmes Since 1998,...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 09:20

... birth order, sex of baby, age of mother at childbirth, nature of delivery, place of and person conducting delivery were also studied Data were collected by a postgraduate student of Community Medicine ... immunization coverage of the cohort children was high, 71% of the children had received supplementary nutrition till five years of age and 67% of them had received a minimum of three home visits per year ... years of age The health care received by this cohort till five years of age, including antenatal care received by the mothers of these children was reviewed Outcome measures related to child...

Ngày tải lên: 28/03/2014, 11:20