... Furthermore, liquid chromatography- atmospheric pressure chemical ionization- ion trap mass spectrometry, coupled to microwave-assisted extraction technique, was also been applied to analyze the ... better recoveries than SFE Liquid chromatography- atmospheric pressure ionization- ion trap massspectrometry was used to investigate the chemical degradation behavior of N-methylcarbamate in environmental ... led to low recoveries The stability of propoxur under microwave irradiation was maintained as neither evaporation losses nor propoxur decomposition was observed during the process The extracts of...
... of 0.02 s and a mass span ofmass unit Quantitation was based on the area under the peak from themass chromatogram ofthe above molecular ions at m/z 60, 151, and 210 For the LC separation of ... were to be considered, a total of five degrees of freedom was required, and the OA (2 7) matrix was, therefore, chosen so as to have sufficient degrees of freedom for the assignment ofthe variables ... probably because ofthe loss of a 1-propene (C3H6) molecule, the other is the base peak at m/z 153 [M+H-57]+, which probably resulted from the neutral loss of a CH3NCO group MS studies of other carbamate...
... corresponds tothe number of factors, and row number tothe number of experimental trials The intersections between the columns and rows indicate the level settings that apply to those factors for the ... be responsible for the low recoveries of carbamates (propoxur, chlorpropham) due tothe presence of water in the soil To examine the effect of time-aged soil on the recoveries of carbamates (propoxur, ... was then evaporated to dryness in a rotary evaporator 75 Finally, ml of methanol was added to dissolve the residue 10 µl ofthe solution was directly analyzed by HPLC In order to examine the thermal...
... application of LC-APCI-MS for the determination of carbamates: carbofuran and 3hydroxy-carbofuran, and theanalysisof triazine herbicides in water [8] LC-ESI-MS has been also successfully applied for the ... logarithm ofthe percentage ofthe compound remaining is plotted against time (h-1) The half-life (t1/2) designates the time at which the pollutant concentration is equal to one-half the initial ... This may be due tothe lower polarity of TP 2, which makes it difficult to be ionized under the applied ESI conditions Furthermore, TP can be confirmed to be N-methyl formamide as the base 55 peak...
... prepared via the addition of standard stock solutions tothe homogenized specimen (30 g) that was then left for hour to allow the spiked 48 solution to penetrate the material The samples were then immediately ... volume of spiking solutions into the soils To ensure that the analytes were well distributed, a reasonable amount of acetone was added to moisten the soil and careful agitation was performed These ... Kingston, RI, USA) The stock standard solutions were prepared in acetone at concentrations of 2.0 mg/ml for each compound and stored at - 4°C Working solutions were prepared by diluting the stock...
... removal of solvent prior to entering the MS [17] MB separates the condensed liquid-phase side ofthe LC from the high vacuum ofthe MS and uses a belt to transport the analytes from one tothe other ... processes This is one ofthe most advantageous aspects of LC-MS in term of applicability to water treatment processes, as theanalysis is no longer restricted tothe monitoring ofthe parent compound, ... method of molecular analysis MS is based on the detection of emitted ions that have been separated or filtered according to their mass- to- charge (m/z) ratio The resulting mass spectrum is a plot of...
... insulin and [30] Masses corresponding to these two peptides were detected (Fig 1b) The masses ofthe two intense signals tothe right in the spectrum (Fig 1c) matched those ofthe proinsulin-derived ... peptides The experimental masses agree well with the theoretical masses ofthe candidate peptides Mass measurement errors at the p.p.m.-level were typically observed Molecule Theoretical mass (Da) ... peaks were detected from the peptide assumed to be glucagon However, the theoretical massof glucagon and the measured massofthe peptide differ by only 1.8 p.p.m In the ECD experiments, ECD...
... assumed to be larger than all the elements tothe end of each ofthe auxiliary arrays, to help accomplish the task of moving the remainder of one ofthe auxiliary arrays back to a after the other ... compares to sort an array of N elements Proof If CN is the number of compares that the Program 1.1 uses to sort N elements, then the number of compares to sort the rst half is C⌊N/2⌋ , the number of ... rather we focus on the “machine-independent” parts oftheanalysis in this book Indeed, to determine the total running time ofthe program, it is necessary to study the branching structure of the...
... sub-sector Analysisofthe structure ofthe commodity system usually focuses on the characteristics related tothe Chapter number and size of firms in relation tothe size ofthe market, the presence ... economic context ofthe subsector analysis For example, one ofthe objectives ofthe Bangladesh study was to investigate the link between the supply of loans and marketing arrangements in the commodity ... failing to meet their objectives this may be because of lack of assets or that their aims are in conflict with those of other, more powerful, groups One ofthe key principles ofthe SLA is the attempt...
... oair of sets of situation-types One gives the set of situationtypes ofthe text (written or spoken) st - and can be regarded as representing the Iocutionary aspect ofthe act The other gives the ... as in (6) The situation-type ofthe text at the end o f the utterance ofthe second clause includcs the speaker with die property of having told the guy at the door to watch out and having judged ... f the utterance: thc initial creation ofthe situation-type (the first clause), the interpretation of but and the modification ofthe initial situation-type to accommodate the information in the...
... assumed to be larger than all the elements tothe end of each ofthe auxiliary arrays, to help accomplish the task of moving the remainder of one ofthe auxiliary arrays back to a after the other ... compares to sort an array of N elements Proof If CN is the number of compares that the Program 1.1 uses to sort N elements, then the number of compares to sort the rst half is C⌊N/2⌋ , the number of ... rather we focus on the “machine-independent” parts oftheanalysis in this book Indeed, to determine the total running time ofthe program, it is necessary to study the branching structure of the...
... Finally, the vector s, which represents the form ofthe pulse to be detected, depends on the pulse arriving at the possible reflector, which, due tothe propagation effects, is a distorted version ofthe ... allows us a total control ofthe work The study was made on a : scale model ofthe actual dome to overcome the problems of accessibility and the danger of damaging paintings A photograph ofthe : scale ... by using the optimum detector (9) In the following, we will consider the three optimum detectors for the problem in hand ANALYSISOFTHE FIRST LAYER OF A RESTORED DOME The research of this work...
... perpendicular to and in the direction of their woody axes are presented for two different shoots: (a) at the bottom ofthe crown and (b) at the top ofthe crown their maximal length: the assimilating ... foliage area ofthe shoot then begins to reduce as a consequence of needle fall The evolution ofthe internal geometry ofthe shoot coincides with a modification ofthe general orientation ofthe shoot ... in the annual production of axis and bud biomass In spite of this stabilisation, the respiratory cost of these tissues continued to rise The characteristics ofthe carbon components of all other...
... (32) leads to: = = y Hence, the (i, i) blocks ofthe variance-covariance matrix of can be written as: Thetothe expression ofthe covariance calculated before can be easily generalized of two distinct ... 1) of iteration using the current value B(t! of where = 2.2.2 The GAR HTO + to round procedure The size (I(J — 1)) ofthe E matrix to invert in W may be very large in of applications (e.g ... function x,)/3 of explanatory variables (row vector xi’) with unknown coefficients /3 E IR !!zzzu* represents ; P the contribution of random effects tothe model with u being a (q x 1) vector of * scaled...
... Figure The GSH/GSSG ratio ofthe prototype and expanded models The GSH/GSSG ratio ofthe prototype and expanded models The prototype model (A) and the expanded model (B) Page of 11 (page number not ... ofthe RBC was developed on the basis ofthe whole-cell model of Joshi and Palsson [8-11] with slight modifications (Figure 1) We modified the model to represent the oxidantinduced decrease of ... kinase, and the maximum activity of these enzymes was allowed to change according tothe ratio of GSH and GSSG The equations and parameters used are derived from the literature [17] The parameters...
... z’are the corresponding row incidence vectors, the parameterization in P being assumed to be of full rank Notice that [2] is an extension to mixed models ofthe structure of &dquo;linear predictors&dquo; ... equating the corresponding quasi-score function to zero, vix As shown by the expression in [3], the quasi-likelihood approach only the specification ofthe marginal mean vector and ofthe variance ... effects on the other hand A simple example of that is the classical animal model In (a2! ) x! p + +pi, for the jth performance ofthe ith female (eg ovulation rate of an ewe) as a function of = a...
... developed in this thesis improve the accuracy ofthe traditional PSTD method and preserve the efficiency ofthe PSTD algorithm They help to extend the application scope ofthe PSTD method to some practical ... in the scope of study in this thesis In the three hybrid PSTD methods developed in this thesis, only the application of PSTD-FDTD method is extended tothe 3D problems The applications ofthe ... condition The other option is to analyze FZP problems using the full-wave numerical methods However, due tothe large size ofthe FZP diffraction problem, the memory requirement ofthe traditional...
... transformed into ellipses in the video The ellipses we want to detect in this thesis are the projections ofthe central circle ofthe soccer field Most of these ellipses are only partial (due tothe camera ... position and the lengths ofthe major and minor axes, i.e the paper assumed that the ellipse is horizontal The particle filter uses the contour and the histogram ofthe objects to differentiate the ball ... of candidate ball-like objects Then, in the second step, we use information ofthe path trajectories of these candidate objects over a short sequence of frames to obtain the ball (and prune off...
... to RT-PCR to assess the sensitivity ofthe assay A) Amplification plots were generated by using seven serial dilutions ofthe RNA, ranging from 103 pg to fg per reaction as the template for the ... transmission of DWV and suggested that the lining ofthe digestive tract was likely the primary site ofthe DWV infection via food-borne transmission, with the virus spreading to secondary sites from the ... regulatory mechanism may exist to facilitate the viral replication These findings would stimulate further investigation to unveil the regulatory mechanisms that honey bees use to control the pattern...
... avoiding the use of highly flammable or explosive gases in the laboratory The oxygen is added either in the spray chamber or using a T-connector before the torch When oxygen is added tothe plasma, the ... procedure, provided that the operator has a clear view ofthe plasma A default flow of oxygen is added tothe carrier gas flow (e.g Oxygen at 5% ofthe total argon carrier flow) and the organic solvent ... and, in the case ofthe sample uptake tubing, care must also be taken to avoid contamination ofthe sample through contact with the tubing material For routine analysisof organic solvents, the normal...