chitosan chitooligosaccharides and their derivatives

... cDNA, and lanes 1, 3, and show the same using genomic DNA of C roseus Primer pairs were: #GSP-4 and #PFLF1 (lanes and 2); #GSP-2 and #GSP-4 (lanes and 4); #GSP-2 and #PFLR-1 (lanes and 6); and ... indicating: floral, vegetative and stress-inducible (abiotic and biotic) expression Information on expression is referenced in Table 1, gathered from published and unpublished sources and from NCBI databases ... tobacco and in 1296 Fig Northern blot and immunoblot analysis of CrPrx transcript and protein, respectively (A, B) Transcript regulation of CrPrx under different abiotic stress conditions and 100...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 09:21

... at 94 °C, at 40 °C and at 72 °C, followed by 30 cycles of 30 s at 94 °C, at 45 °C and at 72 °C Gel electrophoresis, DNA elution and modification was carried out according to standard protocols [24] ... tissues and significant variations in their amounts could be detected (Fig 5A) High levels of MJE mRNA could be found in roots and flowers, while low-tomoderate amounts were present in the leaves and ... harvested and lysed by sonication The crude extract was cleared by centrifugation (10 000 g) and separated on Q-Sepharose fast-flow 26/20, gel-filtration on Sephacryl S-100 HR 26/60, and MonoQ...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 18:20

... to the first, second and third EF-hand domains in oyster CaM and CaLP, while it reflected Ca2+-binding to the first and second EF-hand domains in the case of VanScyoc et al CaLP and CaM chromatography ... -Z) in the second and the fourth EF-hand domains are more conserved than those in the first and the third EF-hand domains compared with oyster CaM Structural variations in EF-hand domains of oyster ... of oyster CaM and CaLP The Tyr fluorescence reflects only Ca2+binding to the fourth EF-hand domain in oyster CaM and CaLP, while it reflectes Ca2+-binding to the third and fourth EF-hand domains in...

Ngày tải lên: 16/03/2014, 23:20

... and 1319 bp, designated DpAR1 and DpAR2, respectively The nucleotide sequences of DpAR1 and DpAR2 have been submitted to the EMBL database and are available under accession numbers AJ309822 and ... DpAR1 and DpAR2 contain 948 bp long ORFs encoding 315 amino acids of a calculated molecular mass 34 898 and 34 883 Da, respectively Their nucleotide sequences exhibit 97.8% identity, and their ... from barley and alfalfa, as these proteins use NADPH as cosubstrate, and their activities with glyceraldehyde were clearly higher than with glucose When reacting with steroids, DpAR1 and DpAR2...

Ngày tải lên: 18/03/2014, 01:20

... thyrocytes MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasmids and antibodies The dog p76RBE coding sequence was amplified by PCR and cloned into pGEX (Amersham Biosciences, Roosendaal, Netherlands), pcDNA3.HA and pEGFP-C3 ... 500) and RhoB (a-Rho) using 9E10 mAb (1 : 5000) p76RBE was expressed alone (lane 1) or with RhoB wt (lanes and 5), RhoB-GDP (lanes and 6) or RhoB-GTP (lanes and 7), stimulated (lanes 5, and 7) ... microscopy COS cells were transfected with empty pEGFP and RhoB-QL (A), pEGFPp76RBE (B), pEGFP-p76RBE and RhoB-TN (C), and pEGFP-p76RBE and RhoB-QL (D) Arrows indicate plasma membrane labeling...

Ngày tải lên: 23/03/2014, 21:20

... species would not only help us understand what makes us genetically different, it may also help us understand our genes, their regulation and expression and their complex interactions (Murphy et ... would be possible For all the many blessings in my life, and for being my unfailing source of strength and help and hope throughout these years and this thesis i Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS ... studies between human and the fly, and between human and the worm revealed that the biggest difference laid in the complexity of the proteins: more domains per protein and novel combinations...

Ngày tải lên: 03/10/2015, 20:57

... previously sequenced RpCAtr (BPNJ ¼ 100 and BPMP ¼ 99) Fungia scutaria (FCA-a and FCA-b) and Caenorhabditis elegans (CA1 and CA2) sequences fall outside of clade I and are more closely related to each ... (RpCAbr and RpCAtr) not appear to be membrane-bound isoforms The RpCAbr and the RpCAtr transcripts are phylogenetically related and both distant from the vertebrate membrane-bound (CAIV) isoforms, and ... primers used for the 5¢ and 3¢amplifications and their positions are shown in Table Sequencing Plasmid DNA from individual colonies were purified with a FlexiPrep kit (Amersham) and used in a dye-primer...

Ngày tải lên: 18/02/2014, 16:20

... solution and centrifuged at 4000 g for 15 Half of the residue was designated the hyphae fraction (HP) and the remainder was homogenized with mortar and pestle for in liquid nitrogen and suspended ... [pH 6.0, containing 30% acetone and mg horseradish peroxidase (44 UÆmg)1, Sigma)] and stirred for 14 h at 20 °C After the additions, mg of peroxidase was added and the reaction mixture was stirred ... carbonyl type), g each of DHP-GOU and sodium borohydride were dissolved in dioxane/methanol (4 : 1) and stirred for 12 h at °C A large excess of water was added and the resultant precipitate was...

Ngày tải lên: 17/03/2014, 03:20

... staining (Figs and 9); (c) the immunostaining did not expand into the chromosomal compartment or the cytoplasm (Figs and 9); and (d) some ISP36 did not diffuse into the cytoplasm and remained near ... incubated with 200-fold diluted anti-ISP36 serum (B3 and B6) or preimmune serum (B2 and B5) and then alkaline phosphatase-conjugated anti-(rabbit IgG), and developed as in (A) The arrowheads indicate ... 1B, i.e bands 7, 8, 13, 17, 19, 23 and 25, were lamin A, lamin C, lamin B1, vimentin, keratin type 2, keratin type and actin, respectively, which are all filament proteins Uricase (band 15 in...

Ngày tải lên: 30/03/2014, 20:20

... sway their chair slightly, move their head and talk without moving their eyebrows or the strap The number of true positives (TP), true negatives (TN), Alves and Chau Journal of NeuroEngineering and ... 1.2-2.5 range, and was adjusted for each participant such that false activations due to blinks and movement were avoided and participants were able to activate the switch by raising their eyebrows ... switch activation and stimulus presentation Participants were presented with a pseudo-random sequence of numbers at s intervals, and were asked to activate the switch by raising their eyebrows slightly...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 08:20

... formed into fibres and woven or knitted into a textile structure [2] The properties sought by textile-based sensors can include flexibility, surface area, washability, stretch, and hand (texture of ... University of Bath, England, showed that the stress-strain profile of the unadulterated PU foam sample and that of the PPy-coated PU foams sample were similar showing regions of elastic and inelastic responses ... http://www.jneuroengrehab.com/content/2/1/4 Figure Garment Structure and Sensor Layout Garment Structure and Sensor Layout The test garment was a sleeveless, collared shirt, closely fitted and nonextensile The outer garment layer...

Ngày tải lên: 19/06/2014, 10:20

... quantitatively significant product of FLSs [4] and little is known about the processing and function of the c19orf10 molecule Materials and methods Cells, tissues, and synovial fluid Synovial tissue was ... in-gel digestion, and mass spectrometry Cell lysates were prepared and isolated as previously described [4] The preparative 2DE and MS were performed as described by Dasuri and colleagues [4] ... time-of-flight mass spectrometer [10], and proteins were identified by single MS (peptide mass fingerprinting) using ProFound [11] and by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/ MS) using Tandem search engine [12,13]...

Ngày tải lên: 09/08/2014, 10:20

... contributions SL and FB planned and supervised the work CC, AM, BM and AH carried out the molecular genetic studies; EP carried out phylogenetic and linkage analyses All authors read and approved ... female and male maps (Fig 7a) A further 14 markers were assigned to the female LG5: four microsatellites (CELMS-24, -36, -44 and CMAL-24), three S-SAPs (cyre5 markers) and AFLPs, covering 62.1 cM and ... parents, allowing the alignment of their LG5 The HQT locus maps close to AFLP markers e38/m47-01 and e47/m49-06 in the female map, and to the M-AFLP marker polyGA/e33-02 and the microsatellite CELMS-24...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 03:20

... humans [5-8] Adamantane derivatives (amantadine and rimantadine) and neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs; zanamivir and oseltamivir) are currently used for the chemoprophylaxis and treatment of influenza ... pC-HAt, pC-NA and pC-P1 and in vitro transcription and translation The HAt and NA gene of AIV strain H9N2 as well as the recombinant peptide gene P1 was amplified from pY-HA, pY-NA and pH-P1 respectively ... BD-P1 and AD-HAt or BD-P1 and AD-NA fusion constructs were co-transformed separately along with their respective parental vectors, no β-gal activity was detected either The co-transformed BD-P1 and...

Ngày tải lên: 12/08/2014, 04:21

... duplications in the human and mouse genomes was found to be tandemly aligned and unequal crossover appeared to be the driving force Indeed, our previous study [19] also indicated that tandemly arrayed ... similar to that used by Gao and Innan [10] (the collection of these genes is denoted as the NEW gene set; see Materials and methods, below, for detail and Additional data files and for the gene list) ... lower and upper estimates of the rates Assuming a synonymous substitution rate of to 1.3 × 10-9 per site per year for human [36] and to 2.6 × 10-9 per site per year for mouse [37], and 8,312 and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/08/2014, 08:20

... training and for all the advice and suggestions to attain them This guidance will always be remembered and appreciated iii ABSTRACT Chandler L Walker TARGETING ACUTE PHOSPHATASE PTEN INHIBITION AND ... hemi-contusion SCI, and the beneficial effects of bpV(pic) and SC transplantation therapies alone and in combination In conclusion, this work provides a thorough overview of pathology and cell- and signal-specific ... disruption and degradation to glial growth, proliferation, and migration As the interaction between the various cells and structures within the CNS is essential to the health and function of each and...

Ngày tải lên: 24/08/2014, 09:14

... difficulties and problems during my study and in my personal life, A/P Ho constantly gave his timely helps and directions and encouragements to me to fight this and that obstacles and clear them ... reported in 1984 by Kasai and Nishimura [Kasai H and Nishimura S, 1984] Detection of DNA oxidative adducts represents the dynamic equilibrium between DNA damage and their repair and also may provide ... 1.6.1 ROS and oxidative stress…………………………………………………23 1.6.2 Oxidative DNA damage and repair products of 8-hydroxy-2’deoxyguanosine and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyadenosine………… 24 1.7 Hypotheses and objectives...

Ngày tải lên: 11/09/2015, 16:03

... (GRGDS) and galactose ligand (AHG) by RP-HPLC (A) Representative RP-HPLC Chromatograms of Arginine (a), hydrolysis product of soluble GRGDS peptide (b) and soluble galactose ligand (c) as standards, ... monolayer’, therefore combines the advantages of both gold standards of 2D and 3D hepatocyte in vitro culture models and meanwhile eliminate some of their instinct problems Since the 3D hepatocyte monolayer ... spectrums of PET, PET-PAAc, PET-Gal and PET-RGD which showed the successful grafting of polyacrylic acids and following conjugation of GRGDS peptide and galactose ligand onto PET-PAAc…………………………………………...

Ngày tải lên: 12/09/2015, 08:19

... incidence was found in Iceland and Japan and highest in USA and France The overall prevalence was the lowest in Northern Ireland, UK and Finland, and the highest in Italy, Spain and Martinique The burden ... populations in Australia and New Zealand report higher prevalence and incidence in this population than in Australian Caucasians Both racial and genetic differences, and more complex social factors ... and the clinical data Thanks to Dr Sivalingam SP for his humor, kindness, and help Thanks to all staff of Deparment of Rheumatology and Immunology, Singapore General Hospital for their help and...

Ngày tải lên: 14/09/2015, 12:42